
Book_. 



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/ 




PHILHDELPHIH 



HMD 



Its Environs. 




J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY, PHILADELPHIA. 



1889. 



Copyright, 1889, by J. B. Lippincott Company. 



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IN DELIVERING, 

Because the manufacturers could not keep up with their orders. We now have 
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ol disappointment at that time, we are now bookmg orders for future delivery. 



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811 ARCH STREET, RHILADELRHIA. 

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■) 



HILADELPHIA 



AND 



Its Environs. 



• fl GUIDE TO 
THE eiTY ANB SyRROtiNDlNSS. 






^H '^^ ^ Osi-^ 



EDITION OF=- 1BB9. 




J. B. I.IPPIXCOTT COMPANY, 

715 ANT) 717 Market Street, 

PHILADELPHIA. 



\ 



Copyright, 1889, by J. B. Lippincott Compuuy 






STREETS AND HOUSE-NUMBERS. 



In ascertaining the location of any residence or business-house in Philadel- 
phia, it should be borne in mind that the city is divided into squares by two sets 
of streets crossing each other at right angles, one set running north and south 
parallel with the Delaware Kiver, the other running east and west parallel with 
Market Street. 

The numbering of the properties on the streets running north and south com- 
mences at Market Street, from which it extends both north and south ; the num- 
bering on the streets running east and west commences (on tlie line of Market 
Street) at Delaware Avenue on the Delaware Kiver and extends westward to the 
west boundary of the city. In all cases the tirst number of each consecutive 
square commences a new hundred, regardless of the actual number last given in 
the preceding square. The following tables give the streets which mark the 
boundaries between the squares and illustrate the system of numbering. They 
also give the distance in miles and decimals of a mile of the principjU streets 
severally from the starting-point, and thus enable the distance from street to 
street, or from one point to another, to be easily calculated. 



1 /'■ "-■ 


Pkincipal Streets 

KUNNING 

North and South. 


a 

. 

^^ 
l< 

".06+ 
.15- 

.25+ i 
.84- 1 
.42-1- i 
.51— ! 
.59+ i 

.68- ; 

.76— 1 
.84+ 1 
.98— 

1.05 \- ! 

1.10- 1 

1.22— ' 

1.82 + 

1.89— \ 

1.47+ ; 

1.56— i 
1.64+ 1 
1.72 f 1 
1.88- 
1.91 - 
1.98— 
2.00— 

2.28— 
2.88 + 
2.47+ 1 
2.60 + 


d 3 

p— 1 

;3400 

8500 
8600 
8700 
8800 
8900 
4000 
4100 
4200 
4.800 
4400 
4.50*) 
4601) 
4700 
4800 
49(10 
.5000 
5100 
5200 
5800 
5400 
.5500 
.5600 
5700 
5S00 
5900 
6000 
6100 
6200 
6300 


Fkincipal Streets 

RUNNING 

North and South. 


a 
. 

> 

c . 

p 

2.71 

2.80 
2.,S5+ 
2.96- 1 
8.0() 1 
8 1.5— 1 

8.27 f 
8.89 
8.49 f 
8.(i0 1- ' 
3.68+ 1 
8.77— 
8.87 + 
8.98— ! 

4.08— ; 

4.17 + 

4.28 + 
4..89— 
4.49 f 
4.60 
4.70- 
4.82 + 
4.9,8— 
5.08 f 
5.14— 
.5.24 + 
5.;35— 
5.45+ 
5.56- 
5.67 + 


Delaware Avenue 

Front Street 


Tliirty-fourth Street ..- 

Thirtv-tifth Street 


Second street 


Thirty-si.xth Street 

Thirty-seventh Street 

Thirty-eighth Street 

Thirty-ninth Street 

Fortieth Street 


Third Street 


Fourth Street 

Fifth Street 




Sixth Street 


800 
900 
1000 
1100 
1200 
1800 
1400 
1500 
1600 
1700 
1800 
1900 
2000 
2100 
2200 
2:300 
2400 

3606 
3100 
3200 
3300 


Seventh street 

Eighth Street 


Forty-hrst Street 

P'orty-second Street 

Forty-third Street 

Forty-fourth Street 

P'orty-tifth Street 

Forty-sixth Street 

Forty-seventh Street 

Foi'tv-eighth Street 


Ninth Street 

Tenth Street 


Eleventh Street 

Twelfth Street 


Thirteenth Street 

Broad [P'ourteenth J Street 
Fifteenth Street 


Fortv-nintli Street 


Sixteenth Street 

Seventeenth Street 


Fiftieth Street 

Fiftv-first Street 


Eighteenth Street 


Fifty-.second Street 


Nineteenth Street 


Fifty-third Street 


Twentieth Street 


Fiftv-fonrtli Strppt 


Twenty-first Street 


Fiftv-fifth Street 


Twenty-second Street 

Twentj'-third Street 

Twenty-fourth Street 

SchuylkUl River 

Thirtieth Street 


Fifty-sixth Street 

Fiftv-seventh Street 

Fifty-eighth Street 

Fifty-ninth Street 

Sixtieth Street 

Sixty-first Street 

Sixty-second Street 

SixtjMhird Street 


Thirty-first Street 


Thirty-second Street 

Thirty-third Street 







(OVER.) 



Ill 



JV 



STREETS AND HOUSE-NUMBERS. — CONTINUED. 



o « 
52; = 



100 
200 
8(10 
400 
50' » 

"(job 



700 
800 

'906 
120{) 
1800 
1400 
1500 
IfiOO 
1700 
1800 
1900 
2000 
2100 
2200 
2800 
2400 
2500 
2m) 
2700 
2800 I 
.2900 
8000 
8100 
8200 
8800 I 
8400 ( 
^500 i 
8600 1 
3700 I 



1*K I N ci p A L Stub ets 

n out j i of 

Makkkt Street. 



Arch StiTot 

Race Strc(>t 

ViiH' Street 

Callowiiill Street 

Butt on wood Street 

Si)riii^_Garden Street.... 

(ireen Street 

Mount Vernon Street.... 

Wallace Street 

Fairniouut Avenue 

Brown Street 

Parrish Street 

Poplar Street 

Girard Avenue 

Thonip.son Street 

Ma.ster Street 

Jefferson Street 

Oxford Street 

Columbia Avenue 

Montgomery Avenue... 

Berks Street 

Norris Street 

Diamond Street 

Susquehanna Avenue... 

Dauphin Street 

York Street 

Cumberland Street 

Huntingdon Street 

Lehigh Avenue 

Somerset Street 

Cambi-ia Street 

Indiana Avenue 

Clearfield Street 

Alleghany Avenue 

Westmoreland Street... 

Ontario Street 

Tioga Street 

Venango Street 

Erie Street 



a . 


. 


c +^ 




i:'~n 


ci 


tl 


^% 


iS S 


.2cL 






.E£i^ 


"r^ +^ 


fi 


h-( 


0.16- 


100 


! 0.28 + 




0.41+ 


206 


0.52+ • 




0.65+ 


366 


i 


400 


o.8i+ 


500 


0.86- 


600 


0.90+ 


700 


1.04- 




1.09+ 


800 


1.17+ 


900 


1.26- 


1000 


1.35- 


1100 


1.47- 


1200 


1.56- 


1300 


. 1.65 


1400 


1.75 


1500 


1.85 


1600 


1 1.96— 


1700 


2.05 


1800 


2.16+ 


1900 


2.27- 


2000 


2.-88+ 


2100 


2.50- 


2200 


2.60- 


2800 


2.70— 


2400 


2.80 


2500 


2.92- 


2600 


3.02+ 


2700 


3.13- 


2800 


3.23+ 


2900 


3.84- 


3000 


3.45 + 


8100 


3.56- 


3200 


3.66 + 


3800 


8.77- 


3400 


3.87+ 


,3500 


3.99- 


4300 



I'KiNciPAii Streets 

South ov 

Market Street. 



Chestnvit Street 

Sansoni Street 

Walnut Street 

Locust Street 

Spruce Street 

Pine Street 

Lombard Street 

South Street 

Bainbridge Street 

Fitzwater Street 

Catharine Street 

Christian Street 

Carpenter Street 

Washington Avenue 

Federal Street 

Wharton Street 

Reed Street 

Dickinson Street 

Tasker Street 

Morris Street 

Moore Street 

Mifflin Street 

McKean Street 

Snyder Avenue 

Jackson Street 

Wolf Street 

Ritner Street 

Porter Street 

Shunk Street 

Oregon Avenue 

Johnson Street 

Bigler Street 

Pollock Street 

Packer Street 

Curtin Street 

Geary Street 

Hartranft Sti'eet 

Hoyt Street 

League Island 









0.10+ 

o.2i- 

0.28 + 
0..S7+ 
0.47+ 
0.53 + 
0.60+ 
0.67— 

0.80+ 
0.86- 
0.92+ 
1.01 + 
1.16- 
1.27- 
1.35+ 
1.44— 
1.52+ 
1.63- 
1.69+ 
1.78- 
1.86+ 
1.95+ 
2.08+ 
2.12+ 
2.21+ 
2.30- 
2.38+ 
2.48+ 
2.57+ 
2.65- 
2.73- 
2.88+ 
2.92- 



3 87+ 




CONTKNTS. 



PART I.— INDEXICAL. 

AN ALPHABETICAL GUIDE TO OBJECTS OF INTEREST. 

Pages VII. -XXXII. 



PART II.— DESCRIPTIVE. 

PRINCIPAL ATTRACTIONS IN AND AROUND THE CITY. 



SECTION PAGE 

I. The City Hall and Vicinity 1 

II. Broad and Locust Streets and Vicinity 33 

III. The Post-Office and Vicinity 43 

IV. Independence Hall and Vicinity 59 

V. Chestnut, Walnut, Third, and Fourth Streets 67 

VI. Rittenhouse Square and Vicinity o.. 81 

VII. Logan Square and Vicinity 93 

VIII Washington Square and Vicinity 99 

IX. Franklin Square and Vicinity 104 

X. Broad and Spring Garden Streets and Vicinity Ill 

XI. South Broad Street and Vicinity 119 

XII. Arch and Tenth Streets and Vicinity... 12G 

XIII. Central Delaware-River Front and Vicinity 129 

XIY. South Delaware-River Front and Vicinity 140 

XV. North Delaware-River Front and Vicinity 148 

V 



VI 



CONTENTS. — CONTINUED. 



SECTION PAGE 

XVI. North Broad Street and Vicinity 152 

XVII. Girard College and Vicinity 156 

XVIil. South West-Philadelphia 162 

XIX. North West-Philadelphia 171 

XX. Fairmount Water-Works and Vicinity 178 

XXI. East Fairmount Park and Vicinity 184 

XXII. West Fairmount Park and Vicinity .'. 189 

XXIII. Laurel Hill Cemetery and Beyond 198 

XXIV. Up the Wissahickon 204 

XXV. The Reading's Routes and Stations 210 

XXVI. The Pennsylvania's Routes and Stations 228' 

XXVII. Naval Asylum and Vicinity 246 

XX"VI1I. To Camden and Beyond 249 




PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



PART I.— INDEXICAL. 



AN ALPHABETICAL GUIDE TO OBJECTS OF INTEREST. 

[The figures refer to pages in Part II. J 



PAGE 

Academy of Fine Arts, Broad 
and Cherry Streets 4 

Academy of Music, Broad and 

Locust Streets 33, 34 

Academy of Natural Sciences, 

Nineteenth and Race Streets... 94 

Academy of the Sacred Heart, 
1815 Arch Street 97 

Academy of the Sisters of Notre 
Dame, 206 S. Nineteenth St.... 81 

Academy Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Wilmington Branch 238 

Advent Protestant Episcopal 
Church, York Avenue, near 
B Li ttun wood Street 106 

Aimwell School for Female Chil- 
dren, Cherry St. , nr. Eleventh. ..127 

A 1 dine Hotel, 1910 Chestnut 
Street 85, 87 

Alexander Presbyterian Church, 
Nineteenth and Green Streets. ..180 

Allen Lane Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Chestnut Hill Branch 236 

All Saints' Episcopal Church, 
Twelfth and Fitzwater Sts 120 

All Saints' Roman Catholic 
Church, Bridesburg 148 

All Souls' Mission for Deaf and 
Dumb, FranklinSt.,ab. Grcen..2l2 

Almshouse, Blockley, Thirty- 
fourth Street, near Pine 165 



PAGE 

American Catholic Historical 
Society, 211 S. Twel;th Street.. 41 

American District Telegraph 
Company, (removed to) Broad 
and Chestnut Streets 17 

American Life Insurance Com- 
pany of Philadelphia, Wahiut 
and Fourth Streets 74, 78 

American Philosophical Society, 
Fifth Street, below Ciiestnut.... 59 

American Steamship Line, Pier 
48, South Delaware Avenue 141 

American Suuday-School Union, 
1122 Chestnut Street... 24 

American Tract Society, 1512 
Chestnut Street 27 

Andalusia Station, on Pennsyl- 
vania's New York Division 233 

Angora, District of, South West- 
Philadelphia (27th Ward) 170 

Angora Station, Pennsj'lvania's 
Media Branch 239 

Appraiser's Building (United 
States), Second Street, below 
Che-stnut 134 

Apprentices' Library, for Young 
Persons, Fifth and Arch Sts...!. 107 

Arch Street Meeting (Friends'), 
Arch, below Fourth Street 130 

Arch Street M. E. Church, Broad 
and Arch Streets 3 

vii 



VI 11 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



PAGE 

Arch Street Presbyterian 
Church, Arch St., ub. Tenth 120 

Arch Street Theatre, G13 Arch 
Street 107 

Ardmore, Village of, on Penn- 
sylvania Ivtiih-oad, Main Line. ..228 

Armory of First Regiment, Broad 
and Callowhill Streets 113, 117 

Armory of the National Guards, 
516 Kace Street 106 

Armory of the State Fencibles, 
145 North Broad Street 7 

Armory of the Third Regiment, 
Broad Street, near Wharton 123 

Arnold's (Benedict) Residence, 
East Fairmount Park 185 

Art Club of Philadelphia, 220 
South Broad Street 33, 35 

Asbury M. E. Church, Thirty- 
third and Chestnut Streets .166 

Ashbourne Station, Beading's 
New York Division 219 

Ashton's Station, Pennsylvania's 
New York Division 233 

Associate Presbyterian Church, 
Broad and Lombard Streets 119 

Athenaeum Library and Reading 
Room, 219 S. Sixth Street 101 

Athletic Club of the Schuylkill 
Navy, 1626-28 Arch St...95, 97, 183 

Atlantic City, Atlantic County, 
New Jersey 252 

Autographic Register Company, 
1025 Arch Street 136 

Ayres's Mansion, Wissahickon 
and Chelten Avenues, German- 
town 234,235 



]Dala Village and Station, 

Schuylkill Valley Kailroad....231 

Baldwin Locomotive Works, 
Broad and Spring Garden 
Streets 110, 111 



PAGE 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 
Station, Chestnut and Twenty- 
fourth Streets 86, 91 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 
Ticket-Office, Chestnut and 
Broad Streets 17 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's 
Philadelphia Division 244 

Bank of North America, 307 
Chestnut Street 73 

Baptist Board of Publication, 
1420 Chestnut Street 27 

Baptist Home for Women, Sev- 
enteenth and Norris Streets 188 

Baptist Orphanage, Pifty-eighth 
Street and Baltimore Avenue, 
Angora 170 

Bartram's Garden, near Gray's 
Perry Bridge 169 

Base-Ball Park, Fifteenth and 
Huntingdon Streets 155 

Beacon Presbyterian Church, 
Cedar and Cumberland Streets, 
Eichmond 145 

Bear Pits, Zoological Garden, 
West Pairmount Park 176 

Beideman's Station, Burlington 
Eailroad, near Camden, N. J.. ..250 

Bellevue Hotel, Broad and Wal- 
nut Streets 29 

Bellevue Station, Pennsylvania's 
Wilmington Branch 238 

Bellevue Station, Beading's Nor- 
ristown Branch 226 

Bell Telephone Company, 408- 

410 Market Street 183 

Belmont Driving Park, near Elm 

Station, Pennsylvania K. K 228 

Belmont Mansion, West Pair- 
mount Park 196 

Belmont Reservoir, West Pair- 
mount Park 195 

Belmont Station, Reading's Main 
Line Division 227 



PART I. — INDEXICAL. 



IX 



PAGE 

Beneficial Saving-Fund Society, 
Chestnut and Twelfth Sts 22, 23 

Berean Baptist Church, Chestnut 

Street, near Forty-first 167 

Berean Presbyterian Church, 

South College Avenue 159 

Bethany Presbyterian Church, 

22d and Bainbridge Streets 247 

Beth-Eden Baptist Church, 

Broad and Spruce Streets 37 

Bethel Church (African Method- 
ist), Sixth St., near Lombard.. ..139 

Bethel Church (African Method- 
ist), Frankford 149 

Bethesda Children's Christian 
Home, Chestnut Hill 237 

Bethesda Presbyterian Church, 
Frankford Avenue and Vienna 
Streets 146 

Bethlehem Presbyterian Church, 
Broad and Diamond Streets 155 

Betz (John F.) & Son's Brewery, 
Crown and Willow Street?. 13) 

Beverly, City, of, Burlington 
County, IST. J 251 

Bijou Theatre (Variety), Eighth 
Street, above Kace 108 

Bingham House (Hotel), Market 
and Eleventh Streets 49 

Blind Asylum, Twentieth and 
Race Streets 98 

Blind Men's Home, 3518 Lancas- 
ter Avenue 171 

Blockley Almshouse, Thirty- 
fourth Street, near Pine 165 

Blue Grass Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's New York Division..!! 233 

B'Nai Jacob (Polish Synagogue), 
420 Lombard Street.". 139 

Board, of Health, Sixth and San- 
som Streets 62 

Board of Trade, Drexel's Build- 
ing, Chestnut and Fifth Sts 60 



PAGE 

Boating Clubs, near Fairmount 
Water-Works 183 

Bonnaffon Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Wilmington Branch. ......238 

Boone Station, Baltimore and 
Ohio's Route 244 

Boothwyn Station, Baltimore and 
Ohio Railroad 244 

Bordentown Borough, Burling- 
ton County, N. J 251 

Borie's Station, on Pennsylva- 
nia's New York Division 233 

Boston Steamship Line (Win- 
sor's), Pine Street and Delaware 
Avenue 138 

Boyce Brothers, Walnut and 
Thirteenth Streets 40, 41 

Boy's High-School (Public), 
Broad and Green Streets 112 

Brewerytown, East Fairmount 
Park 184 

Bridesburg District and Arsenal..l47 

Bridesburg M. E. Church 148 

Bridesburg Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's New York Division 233 

Bridgeport Station, Reading's 
Main Line Division 227 

Bridgeton, City of, Cumberland 
County, N. J 252 

Bristol Borough and Station, 
Pennsylvania's N.Y. Division..233 

Bristol Steamboat Line, Chest- 
nut Street Wharf. 129 

Broad Street Baptist Church, 
Broad and Brown Streets 113 

Broad Street M. E. Church, 
Broad and Christian Sts 120 

Broad Street Station (Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad), Broad and 
Filbert Streets 11, 13 

Brooke Hall Seminary for Girls 
and Young Ladies, Media, 
Penna 241, 242 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



PAGE 

Brown Brothers & Co., Bankers, 

Chestnut and Fourth Streets.... 68 
Bryn Mawr Village and Bryn 

Mawr College 229 

Bulletin (Evening) Newspaper, 

GOT Chestnut Street 63 

Bullitt Building, Fourth Street, 

above Walnut 73 

Burd Orphan Asylum, Market 

Street, near Sixty-third Street. ..173 

Burlington, City of, Burlington 
County, N. J 251 

Burmont Station, Pennsvlvania's 
Media Branch .". 239 

Bush Hill Iron- Works, Sixteenth 
and Buttonwood Streets Ill 

Bustleton, District of 151 

Bustleton Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's New York Division 233 

Qall, Evening (Newspaper), 26 
South Seventh Street 63 

Calvary Presbyterian Church, 
Locust Street, ab. Fifteenth 37 

Calvary Protestant Episcopal 
Church, Conshohocken 203 

Calvary Protestant Episcopal 
Church, ManheimSt., Germt'n.234 

Camden National Bank (Phila- 
delphia Office), Walnut and Sec- 
ond Streets 134 

Camden (New Jersey) and Be- 
yond 249 

Cape May City, Cape May Co., 

New Jersey 252 

Carncross's Minstrels, Eleventh 

Street, above Chestnut 49 

Carpenters' Hall, rear of 320 

Chestnut Street 71 

Carpenter Station, Baltimore and 

Ohio Railroad 244 

Carpenter Station, Pennsylvania 
and Chestnut Hill Branch 236 



PAGE 

Carrcroft Station, Baltimore and 
Ohio Railroad 244 

Cathedral (Roman Catholic), 
Eighteenth and Race Sts 31, 93 

Cathedral Cemetery, Forty- 
eightli St. and Lancaster Ave. ..174 

Catholic Historical Society, 211 
South Twelfth Street 41 

Catholic Home for Orphan Girls, 
Race Street, bel. Eighteenth 94 

Catholic Total Abstinence Foun- 
tain,AVest Fairmount Park..l95,196 

Cedar Hill Cemetery, near Frank- 
ford 149 

Centenary M. E. Church, Forty- 
first and Spring Garden Sts 172 

Centennial Baptist Church, 
Twenty-third and Oxford Sts... 188 

Central Christian Church (Disci- 
ples of Christ), 667 N. Twelfth 
Street 212 

Central Congregational Church, 
Eighteenth and Green Streets... 180, 

Central High-School, Broad and 
Green Streets 112 

Central Methodist Episcopal 
Church, FrankforJ 233 

Central Methodist Episcopal 
Church, Roxborough ..203 

Central National Bank, 109 South 

Fourth Street 73 

Central Presbyterian Church, 

Broad St. and Fairmount Ave. .115 

Central Savings-Fund, Chestnut 
and Juniper Streets 21, 23 

Central Theatre, 811 Walnut 
Street 50, 52 

Chambers Presbyterian Church, 
Broad and Sansom Streets 17 

Chamouni Lake and Concourse, 
West Fairmount Park 196 

Chelten Avenue Station, Penn- 
S3'lvania's German town Branch. .234 



PART 1. — INDEXICAL. 



XI 



PAGE 

Chelten Avenue Station, Bead- 
ing's Germantown Branch 222 

Cheltenham Station, Beading's 
Newtown Branch 220 

Chelten Hill Station, Beading's 
New York Division 220 

Chester, City of, via Baltimore 
and Ohio Bailroad 244 

Chester, City of, Pennsylvania's 
Wilmington Branch 238 

Chestnut Hill Station, Pennsyl- 
vania Bailroad 237 

Chestnut Hill Station, Beading 
Bailroad 226 

Chestnut Street National Bank, 

719 Chestnut Street 63 

Chestnut Street Opera-House, 

1023 Chestnut Street 49 

Chestnut Street Theatre, 1211 

Chestnut Street... 23 

Chew House, Germantown (near 

Main and Johnson Streets) 224 

Cheyney Station, Pennsylvania's 
Media and West Chester Br 243 

Children's Convalescent Hos- 
pital, P.B.B , nr. Park Station..230 

Children's Homoeopathic Hos- 
pital, Broad St., nr. Girard Ave..l52 

Children's Hospital of Philadel- 
phia, 209 S. Twenty-second St.. 90 

Christ Church (Germantown), 
Tulpehocken St., near Adams. ..236 

Christ Church (Protestant Episco- 
pal), Second St., ab. Market 133 

Christ Church (Beformed), Green 
Street, above Fifteenth 115 

Christ Church Chapel, Pine 
Street, near Twentieth 82 

Christ Church of Evangelical 
Association, Eighth Street, be- 
low Girard Avenue 213 

Christ Church Hospital, near 
Pennsylvania's Park Station. ...231 



PAGE 

Christian Church (Disciples), 
42d St. and Fairmount Ave 172 

Christ Memorial Church (Be- 
formed Episcopal), Chestnut and 
Forty-third Streets 167 

Christ M. E. Church, Thirty- 
eighth and Hamilton Streets 171 

Church Home for Children, An- 
gora (Fifty-eighth Street and 
Baltimore Avenue) 170 

Church of Our Lady Help of 
Christians, Bichmond 145 

Church of Our Lady of the Na- 
tivity, Bichmond 145 

Church of Our Lady of the Ro- 
sary, 63d and Callowhill Sts 173 

Church of Our Mother of Sor- 
rows, Cathedral Cemetery 174 

Church of Our Redeemer (Be- 
formed Episcopal), Oxford and 
Sydenham Streets 188 

Church of St. Alphonsus, Fourth 
and Beed Streets 142 

Church of St Anthony of Padua, 
Gray's Ferry Boad 247 

Church of St. Charles Borromeo, 
Twentieth and Christian Sts. ...248 

Church of St. James the Greater, 

Thirty-eighth and Chestnut Sts..lG7 

Church of St. James the Less, 

near Laurel Hill 201, 226 

Church of St. John (Lutheran), 
Wharton Street, below Fifth... .!l42 

Church of St. John the Baptist 
(Boman Catholic), jManMyunk...202 

Church of St. John the Evangel- 
ist (Protestant Episc<)])al), Third 
and Beed Streets 142 

Church of St.-Martin-in-the- 
Fields, Wissiihickon Heights. ..286 

Church of St. Mary of the As- 
sumption, Manayunk 202 

Church of St. Philip de Neri, 
Queen Street, below Third 140 



Xll 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



PAGE 

Ch'irch of St. Theresa (Roman 
Cnlli.), UroadSt., nr. CatharinG..120 

Church of St. Xavier, TwenU- 
fifth and Biddle Streets ^.179 

Church of the Annunciation 
(Protestant Episcopal), Twelfth 
and Diamond Streets 155 

Church of the Annunciation (Ro- 
man Catholic), Tenth and Dick- 
inson Streets 124 

Church of the Ascension (Prot. 
Epis.), Broad St., bel. South 120 

Church of the Assumption (Ko- 
nuni Catholic), Sprina; Garden 
and Twelfth Streets....". , 115 

Church of the Covenant (Prot. 
Epis.), 28th St. and Girard Ave..l61 

Church of the Epiphany, Chest- 
nut and Fifteenth Streets 27 

Church of the Evangelists, Cath- 
arine Street, above Seventh 140 

Church of the Gesu (Kom an Cath- 
olic), Eighteenth and Stiles Sts... 160 

Church of the Holy Apostles, 
Twenty-first and Christian Sts..248 

Church of the Holy Family (Ro- 
man Catholic), Manayunk 203 

Church of the Holy Trinity (Ger- 
man Roman Catholic), Sixth and 
Spruce Streets 101 

Church of the Incarnation (Prot. 
Epis.), Broad and Jefferson Sts. ..152 

Church of the Mediator (Prot. 
Epis.), 19th and Lombard Sts... 82 

Church of the Messiah (Prot. 
Epis.), Broad and Federal Sts... 123 

Church of the Messiah (Univer- 
salist). Broad Street and Colum- 
bia Avenue 153, 154, 155 

Church of the Nativity (Prot- 
estant Episcopal), Eleventh and 
Mt. Vernon Streets 212 

Church of the Redemption, 
22d and Callowhill Sts 98 



PAGE 

Church of the Sacred Heart, 

Third and Reed Streets 142 

Church of the Saviour, Thirty- 
eighth Street, ab. Chestnut 167 

Church of the Transfiguration, 
Woodlands Ave., near 33d St.... 166 

Church of the Visitation (Roman 
Catholic), Front Street, near 
Lehigh Avenue 144 

City Hall (New), Broad and 
Market Streets 1 

City Hall (Old), Fifth and Chest- 
nut Streets 59 

City Hotel, 315 Arch Street 130 

City Institute Hall (Free Libra- 
ry), Chestnut and 18th Sts 85 

City National Bank, 32 North 

Sixth Street 65 

City Trust, Safe Deposit, and 
4|i Surety Co. of Philadelphia, 
927 Chestnut Street 45, 47 

Claymont Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Wilmington Branch 238 

Clifton Station, Pennsylvania's 
Media Branch 239 

Clinton Street Immanuel 
Church, Tenth and Clinton Sts... 49 

Clyde Steamship Lines, 12 South 
Delaware Avenue 129 

Coast Survey (United States), 
Post-Office Building 43 

Cohocksink Presbyter'n Church, 
Columbia Avenue and Franklin 
Street 213 

Cold Storage Company (Quaker 
City), Spruce Street and Dela- 
ware Avenue 138 

College of Pharmacy, 145 North 
Tenth Street 126 

College of Physicians of Phila- 
delphia, Thirteenth and Locust 
Streets 38 

Collingdale Station, Baltimore 
and Ohio Railroad 244 



PART I. INDEXICAL. 



Xlll 



PAGE 
Colonnade Hotel, Chestnut and 

fifteenth Streets 27 

Colored Home, Belmont and 

Girard Avenues 172 

Columbia Avenue Saving-Fund, 

Safe Deposit, Title, etc., Bixiad 

Street and Columbia Avenue — 152 
Columbia Avenue Station (Read- 
ing's), 9th St. and Columbia A v. 21 3 
Commerce National Bank, 209 

Chestnut Street 134 

Commercial Exchange, No. 133 

South Second Street 134 

Commercial National Bank, 314 

Chestnut Street 71 

Commercial Union Assurance 

Co., Walnut St., ab. Fourth... 74, 79 
Concord Station, Baltimore and 

Ohio Railroad 244 

Congregational Church, Central, 

Eighteenth and Green Streets. ..180 

Congregation Rodef Shalom, 
Eighth St., bel. Girard Ave 213 

Congress Hall (Old), Sixth and 
Chestnut Streets 59 

Conshohocken Station, Reading's 
iSTorristown Branch 227 

Conshohocken, Suburban town 
of 203 

Consolidation National Bank, 
331 North Third Street 130 

Continental Hotel, Chestnut and 
Ninth Streets 50 

Continental Theatre, Arch 
Street, above Tenth 126 

Convent of the Holy Child Jesus, 
near Sharon Hill 238 

Cookman M. E. Church, Twelfth 
Street and Lehigh Avenue 214 

Corinthian Avenue Church, Co- 
rinthian Ave., near Poplar St... 101 

Corn Exchange National Bank, 
Chestnut and Second Streets 134 



PAGE 

Court-Rooms (United States), 
Post-Office Building 43 

Cramp's Ship-Yard, Kensington, 
foot of Norris Street 147 

Cremation Society's Office, 242 
Franklin Street, Philada 225 

Crematory and Columbarium, 
Washington Lane, near Walnut 
Lane Station, Germantown 225 

Crescentville Station, Reading's 
Newtown Branch .220 

Crum Lynne Station, Penns}^- 
vania's Wilmington Branch 238 

Custom-House (U. S.), Chestnut 
St., bet. Fourth and Fifth Sts..68, 69 

Cynwyd Station, Pennsylvania's 
Schuylkill Valley Division 231 

T^arby Station, Baltimore and 

Ohio Railroad 244 

Darby Station, Pennsylvania's 
Wilmington Branch 238 

Deaf and Dumb Institution, 
Broad and Pine Streets 37 

Deaf and Dumb Institution, 
Oral Branch 49 

Delair Station, Burlington Rail- 
road, above Camden 250 

Delanco, Burlington Co., N. J. ..251 
Devon Inn and Devon Station, on 
Pennsylvania's Main Line 230 

Dime Museum of Curiosities, 
Ninth and Arch Streets 126 

Disston Hall, Cedar and Cumber- 
land Streets, Richmond 145 

Disston Saw- Works, Tacony 149 

Divinity School, Lutheran, Mt. 
Airy, Chestnut Hill 225 

Divinity School, Protestant Epis- 
copal, Fiflv-tirst St. and Wood- 
lands Avenue 169, 237 

Divinity School, Reformed Epis- 
copal, 43d and Chestnut Sts 167 



XIV 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



PAGE 

Dooner's Hotel, Tenth Street, 
uLove Cluj.'^tiiut 50 

Drexel Building, Chestnut and 
Fifth Streets GO 

Drexel (Mary J.) Home, Ginird 
and Corinthian Avenues 156, 158 

Drexel Institute, Site of, Thirty- 
Seeond and Chestnut Streets 16G 

Dying Lioness (Statuary), en- 
trance of Zoological Garden 177 

^arle's Picture Galleries, 816 

Chestnut Street 53 

Eastburn's Select School, Broad 

St. and Fairmount Ave 114, 115 

Eastern Penitentiary, Fairmount 

Ave. and Twenty-second St 161 

East Fairmount Park and Vi- 
cinity 184 

East Park Reservoir, near Co- 
luniliia Avenue and Thirtv- 
third Street 184, 232 

Ebenezer Baptist Church, Mt. 
A'ernon Street, east of Broad 113 

Ebenezer M. E. Church, Chris- 
tian Street, above Third.. 141 

Eddington Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's New York Division.." .233 

Edgely Estate, East Fairmount 
Park 185 

Edge Moor Station, Pennsyl- 
vania's Wilmington Branch 238 

Edgewater Park Village and 
Station, Burlington, N. J 251 

Egg Harbor City, Atlantic Co., 
New Jersey 252 

Edison Electric Light Company 
of Philadelphia, 927 Chestnut 
Street 45,51 

Educational Home for Indian 
Boys, Forty-eighth Street and 
Green way Avenue 168 

Edwin Forrest Home, Holmes- 
burg 150, 151 



PAGE 

Eglise du St. Sauveur, (French 
Church), 22d St., ah. Pine 90 

Eighth United Presbyterian 
Church, 15th and Christian Sls..l20 

Eleventh Baptist Church, Twen- 
ty-first and Diamond Sts 188 

Eleventh Street Station, Penn- 
sylvania's New York Div 232 

Elm Station, Pennsylvania Kail- 
road (Main Line).". 228 

Emmanuel Church (German Ke- 
formed), Brideshurg 148 

Emmanuel Evangelical Re- 
formed Church, Thirty-eighth 
and Baring Streets 171 

Emmanuel Lutheran Church, 
Fourth and Carpenter Sts 142 

Emmanuel M. E. Church, 
Twenty-fifth and Brown Sts 161 

Engelside Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's New York Division 232 

Episcopal Academy, 1324 Locust 
Street 37 

Episcopal Divinity School (Prot- 
estant), Fifty-first Street and 
Woodlands Avenue 169 

Episcopal Divinity School (Ee- 
formed), 43d and Chestnut Sts. ..167 

Episcopal Hospital, Lehigh Ave- 
nue and Front Street 143 

Ericsson Lines to Baltimore, 
etc., Delaware Avenue, near 
Market Street 129 

Erie Avenue Station, Beading 's 
Bethlehem Branch !'...216 

Erie Avenue Station, Keading's 
Newtown Branch 220 

p^airmount Water- Works and 

Vicinity 175, 178, 181 

Fairview Station, Baltimore and 

Ohio Kailroad 244 

Falls of Schuylkill, or Falls Yil- 

laee 201 



PART I. 



-INDEXICAL. 



XV 



PAGE 

Falls Station, Readinc;'s Norris- 
town Branch t 226 

Farmers' and Mechanics' Na- 
tional Bank, 425-429 Chestnut 
Street 67 

Federal Street Ferry to Camden.. 249 

Fern Rock Station, Keadini!;s 
New York Divi.<ion.. ^...216 

Fern wood Station, Pennsyl- 
vania's Media Branch 239 

Fidelity Insur., Trust, and Safe 
Dep. Co., 327-331 Chestnut St... G8 

Fifth Baptist Church, Eighteenth 
and Spring Garden Streets 179 

Fifth Moravian Church, Ger- 
mantuwn Ave., nr. Dauphin S1..214 

Fifth Street M. E. Church, Fifth 
Street, below Green 106 

Fiftieth Baptist Church, Seventh 
Street and Susquehanna Ave 213 

Fifty-eighth Street Station, 
Fenna.'s Wilmingt'-n Branch. ..238 

Fifty-second St. Station, Penn- 
sylvania U.K. (Main Line) 228 

First African Baptist Church, 
Cherry Street, near Eleventh 127 

First Baptist Church, Broad and 
Arch Streets 4 

First Baptist Church, Frankford..l49 

First Baptist Church, Mana- 
yunk 202 

First Baptist Church, West 
Phila., 36th and Chestnut Sts...l66 

First German M. E. Church. 
Girard Ave., ab. Twelfth St 152 

First Moravian Church, Franklin 
and Wood Streets (ab. Vine).. ..105 

First National Bank, 315-319 
Chestnut Street 71 

First National Bank of Camden 

(Phila. Office), 216 Market St.. ..133 

First Presbyterian Church, Sev- 
enth and Locust Streets 101 



PAGE 

First Presbyterian Church, 
Bridesburg 148 

First Presbyterian Church of 
Germantown, Chelten Avenue 
near Main Street 224 

First Presbyterian Church, Ken- 
sington 147 

First Presbyterian Church of 
Manayunk 202 

First Reformed Church in Amer- 
ica, 7ih and Spring Garden Sts..211 

First Reformed Church in the 
U.S., Tenth and Walhice Sts....212 

First Reformed Presbyterian 
Church, Seventeenth and Bain- 
bridge Streets 248 

First Unitarian Church, Chest- 
Street, near Twenty-second 85 

Fisher's Station, Reading's Ger- 
mantown Branch 221 

Fish-House Station, Burlington 
Pvailroad, above Camden 240 

Fitler (E. H.) & Co.'s Cordage 
Works, Bridesburg 148 

Fitter's Station, Pennsylvania's 
New York Division 233 

Folcroft Station, Pennsylvania's 
Wilmington Branch 238 

Folsom Station, Baltimore and 
Ohio Railroad 244 

Ford Road Station, Reading's 
3[ain Line Division 227 

Ford Street Station, Reading's 
^N'orristown Branch 227 

Forepaugh's Theatre, Eighth 
Street, below Vine 108 

Forrest Home 150, 151 

Fortieth Street M. E. Church, 
Fortieth and Sansoni Streets 166 

Fortieth Street Station, Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad, Main Line 228 

Forty-ninth Street Station, Penn- 
sylvania's Media Branch 239 



XVI 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



PAGE 

Forty-second Street Station, 

Pennsylvania's Media Brancli..239 

Foster Home for Children, 
Twentj'-fourth and Poplar Sis. ..161 

Foster (Charles) Publishing Co., 
716 Sansoiu iStit'et 84 

Fourth Baptist Church, Fifth 
and Buttonwood Streets 106 

Fourth Presbyterian Church, 
Twelfth and Lomhard Sts 119 

Fourth Reformed Presbyterian 
Church, Eighteenth and Filbert 
Streets 97 

Fourth Reformed Presbyterian 
Church, Nineteenth and Catha- 
rine Streets 248 

Fourth United Presbyterian 
Church, Nineteenth and Fitz- 
water Streets 248 

Fox Chase Station, Beading's 
Newtown Branch ,"...220 

Franciscan Sisters, Schools of, 
near Elm Station, Penn. R.E...228 

Frankford Arsenal, a name for 
Bridesburg Arsenal 148 

Frankford Avenue, Kensington. .146 
Frankford Avenue M.E. Church, 

Frankford 233 

Frankford, District of 149 

Frankford Junction, Pennsylva- 
nia's New York Division ....232 

Frankford Presbyterian Church, 
Frankford Ave. and Main St.. ..149 

Frankford Station, Pennsj^lva- 
nia's New York Division 232 

Franklin Institute, 15 S. Seventh 
Street 63 

Franklin's Grave, Fifth and Arch 
Streets 107 

Franklin Square and Vicinity, 
Sixth and Vine Streets 104 

French Protestant Episcopal 
Church, 22d Street, ab. Pine.... 90 



PAGE 

Friends' Asylum for the Insane, I 
Frankford 149* 

Friends' Central School, Kace 
and Fifteenth Streets 8 

Friends* Frankford Meeting 
(Hicksite) 149 

Friends' Frankford Meeting 
(Orthodox) 149 

Friends' Germantown Meeting 
(Orthodox), Coulter and Green 
Streets 236 

Friends' Library, Sixteenth and 
Cherry Streets 8 

Friends' Orange Street Meeting 
(Orthodox) 101 

Friends' Select School, Sixteenth 
and Cherry Streets 8 

Friends' Sixth and Noble Streets 
Meeting (Orthodox) 106 

Friends' Spruce and Ninth 
Streets Meeting (Hicksite) 103 

Friends' Twelfth Street Meeting 
(Orthodox) 23 

Q-aston Presbyterian Church, 

Eleventh St. and Lehigh Ave.. 214 
Geological Survey (United 

States), Post-Office Building 43 

George's Hill, West Fairmount 

Park 195 

German- American Title and 
Trust Co., Broad and Arch Sts.. 4 

German Democrat, 612-14 Chest- 
nut Street 63 

German Hospital, Girard and 
Corinthian Avenues 156 

German Society of Pennsylva- 
nia, Spring Garden and Mar- 
shall Streets. 210 

Germania Brewing Co., 1716 N. 
Broad Street, near Columbia 
Avenue 152 

Germantown Academy, School 
I Lane, Germantown 234 



PART I. — INDEXICAL. 



XV 11 



PAGE 
Germantown and Chestnut Hill 
Branch (Pennsylvania's) 233 

Germantown and Chestnut Hill 
Branch (Reading's) 229 

Germantown Free Library, near 
Market Square, Germantown... 224 

Germantown Hospital, near 
Wingohocking Station 222 

Germantown Junction, Pennsyl- 
vania's New York Division 232 

Germantown National Bank, nr. 

Market Square, Germantown... 224 
Germantown Saving- Fund, near 

Market Square, Germantown. ..224 
Gethsemane Baptist Church, 

Eighteenth Street and Columbia 

Avenue 160 

Girard Avenue Farmer's Mar- 
ket, Ninth St. and Girard Ave.. 212 

Girard Avenue Station, Penn- 
sylvania's Main Line 228 

Girard Avenue Station (Read- 
ing), 1200 N. Ninth Street 212 

Girard Avenue Station, Read- 
ing's Main Line Division ..,,227 

Girard College, Girard and Ridge 
Aves. and Nineteenth St.. ..156, 157 

Girard House, Chestnut and 
Ninth Streets 50 

Girard Life and Trust Company, 
Broad and Chestnut Streets.. 14, 15 

Girard National Bank, Third and 
Dock Streets 77 

Girard Point Elevators, near 
League Island 124 

Girls' Normal School, Spring 
Garden and Seventeenth Sts ...112 

Glen Mills Station, Penna's Me 
dia and West Chester Branch ...243 

Glenolden Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Wilmington Branch 238 

Glen Willow Station, Reading's 
Norristown Branch 227 



PAGE 

Glen Riddle Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Media and West Chester 
Branch 243 

Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church, 
near Second and Christian Sts... 177 

Gloucester Ferry, South Street 
Wharf 138,249 

Gorgas Station, Reading's Chest- 
nut Hill Branch t 225 

Grace Baptist Church, Broad 
and Berks Streets 155 

Grace Episcopal Church, Mount 
Airy Station 225 

Grace Evangelical Lutheran 
Church, o5th and Spring Gar- 
den Streets 171 

Grace M. E. Church, Broad and 
Master Streets 152 

Grace Protestant Episcopal 
Church, Twelfth Street, above 
Arch 127 

Graff Monument, Fairmount 
AVater-AVniks 178 

Grand Opera- House, Broad St. 
and Columbia Avenue 152 

Grant's Cottage, Lemon Hill 183 

Graver's Station, Reading's 
Chestnut Hill Branch !'...22G 

Gray's Ferry Station, Pennsyl- 
vania's Wilmington Branch 237 

Green Hill Presbyterian Church, 
Girard Avenue, near Sixteenth 
Street 160 

Green's Hotel and Restaurant, 
Eighth and Chestnut Streets.... 53 

Green Street M.E. Church, Green 
Street above Tenth , 212 

Greenwood Cemetery, Frank- 
ford 149 

Grubb's Landing, Penns^^lvania's 
Wilmingtun Branch 238 

Guarantee Trust and Safe De- 
posit Co., 316-320 Chestnut 
Street 66, 68 



y 



XVIll 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



PAGE 

J^addington District, West 

riiiludelpliia 17.3 

Haddonfield, Borough of, Cam- 
den County, N. J 252 

Hahnemann Medical College 
and Hospital, Broad St., abovo 
liace 8, 9 

Haines (Granville B.) & Co., 
^'inth and Market Streets 53 

Hammonton Village and Sta- 
tion, Atlantic Ct)unty, N. J 252 

Handel and Haydn Hall, Eighth 
and Spring Garden Streets 212 

Harrison, Frazier & Co.'s Sugar 
Refinery, Front and Bainbridge 
Streets 140 

Harrison Mansion, Eighteenth 
Street below Walnut 85 

Harrowgate Station, on Penn- 
sylvania's New York Div 282 

Haseltine's Art Rooms, 141G-18 
Chestnut Street 25, 27 

Haverford College, Institution 
and Village 228 

Hayes Mechanics' Home, near 
Bala Station 231 

Heidelberg Reformed Church, 
Eighteenth and Oxford Sts 160 

Herald, Evening, No. 21 South 
Seventh Street 63 

Hermon Presbyterian Church, 
Frankford 233 

Hestonville, District of, West 
Philadelphia 174 

Highland Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Chestnut Hill Branch 237 

Hilton Hotel, 1109 Filbert St 3 

Historical Society (Catholic), 211 
South Twelfth Street 41 

Historical Society of Pennsyl- 
vania, loth and Locust Sts 38 

Holland Memorial Church (Pres- 
byt'n), Broad and Federal Sts... 123 



PAGE 

Holly Oak Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Wilmington Branch 238 

Holmesburg, District of 151 

Holmesburg and Holmesburg 
Junction, Pennsylvania's New 
York Division 233 

Holy Cross German Lutheran 
Church, Ninth St. and Lehigh 
Avenue 214 

Holy Redeemer Cemetery, 
Bridesljurg 148 

Holy Trinity Church, Keformed 
Episcopal, 12th and Oxford Sts...l52 

Holy Trinity Memorial Church, 
Spruce and Twenty-Second Sts.. 90 

Holy Trinity P.E. Church, Wal- 
nut and Nineteenth Streets 81 

Holy Trinity School (Catholic), 
Sixth and Spruce Streets 101 

Home for Aged and Infirm Col- 
ored Persons, Bi'lmont and 
Girard Avenues,.... 172 

Home for Aged and Infirm Is- 
raelites, (Jewish Hospital 
Association) 216 

Home for Aged Couples, Perkio- 
men and Francis Streets 161 

Home for Aged Couples of the 
Presbyterian Church, Sixty- 
Fifth and Vine Streets 173 

Home for Consumptives, Chest- 
nut Hill 237 

Home for Destitute Colored 
Children, near Forty-Sixth St. 
and Woodlands Ave 168 

Home for Incurables, 48th St. 
and Woodlands Ave 168, 237 

Home for Infants, West Phila., 
4618 Westminster Avenue 173 

Home for Orphans of Odd- 
Fellows, Twentieth and Onta- 
rio Streets, Tioga 216 

Home for the Aged Poor, Eigh- 
teenth Street, near Jefferson ...160 



PART I. — INDEXICAL. 



XIX 



PAGE 

Home for the Aged Poor, Win- 
gohocking Station, German t'n.. 222 

Home of the Merciful Saviour 
for Crippled Children, Porty- 
lifth Street, near Pine 168 

Hoopes & Townsend, Broad and 
Button wood Streets 112 

Horticultural Hall (Pennsylva- 
nia), Broad St., above Spruce... 37 

Horticultural Hall, West Fair- 
mount Park 191, 193 

Hospital for the Insane, West 
Philadelphia 172 

Hospital of the Good Shepherd, 
near Kosemont Station 229 

House of Correction, Holmes- 
burg 151 

House of Israel (Synagogue), 
Crown St., bet. Kace and Vine. .106 

House of Refuge, near Twenty- 
second and Poplar Streets 160 

House of the Good Shepherd, 
35lh St. and Fairmount Ave.... 172 

House of the Guardian Angel, 
70th St. and Woodlands Ave. ..169 

House of the Immaculate Con- 
ception, o9lh and Pine Sts 166 

Howard Hospital and Infirmary 
for Incurables, Broad and 
Catharine Str.-cts 120 

Howlett's Paper Bag Manu- 
factory, Broad and Wallace 
Streets 115,116 

Humboldt's Statue, near Lemon 
Hill 183 

Huntingdon Street Station, 
(Beading's Germantown Br.). ..214 

Huntingdon Valley Station, 
(Reading's Newtown Br.) 2.0 

Jmmanuel Lutheran Church, 

Frankford 149 

Independence Hall, Chestnut St., 
below Sixth 58, 59 



PAGE 

Independence National Bank, 
430 Chestnut Street 60 

Indigent Widows and Single 
Women's Asylum, Chestnut 
Street, near Thirty-seventh 166 

Industrial School, near Thirty- 
ninth and Pine Streets 166 

Insane Hospital, Kirkbride's, 
AVest Philadelphia 172 

Institution for the Deaf and 
Dumb, Broad and Pine Sts 37 

Institution for the Deaf and 
Dumb, Oral Branch 49 

Insurance Company of Pennsyl- 
vania, 136 S. Fourth St 74, 75 

Investment Company of Phila- 
delphia, 310 Chestnut Street.... 73 

Irving House, 917 Walnut St 50 

Item (Newspaper), 28 S. Seventh 
Sireet 63 

Jefferson Medical College and 
•' Hospital, Tenth and Sansom 
Streets 49 

Jenkintown Station, Beading's 
New York Division ^...220 

Jewish Foster Home, near Win- 
gohocking Station, German- 
town 222 

Jewish Hospital Association's 
Buildings, near Tabor Station. .216 

Johnson House, Germantown, 
near the Chew House 225 

T^aighn's Point Ferries, Pier 8 
South Delaware Avenue and 
South Street Wharf.. .130, 139,249 

Keneseth - Israel Synagogue, 
Sixth Street, above Brown 212 

Kensington Depot, Pennsylva- 
nia's New York Division. ..144, 232 

Kensington, District of 143 

Kensington National Bank, Gi- 
rard and Frankford Avenues. ...147 



XX 



IMIILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



PAGE 

Kensington Presbyterian 
Church, near Frankford and 
Girard Avenues 147 

Kensington Theatre, East Norris 
Street and Frankford Avenue... 14G 

Keystone National Bank, Chest- 
nut and Juniper Sts 21, 23 

Kirkbride's Hospital for the In- 
sane, West Philadelphia 172 

Knight & Co.'s Sugar Works, 

Front and Bain bridge Streets. ..140 

Lafayette Cemetery, Ninth and 
AVharton Streets 141 

Lafayette Station, Keading's 
Norristown Branch 227 

Lamokin Station, Pennsylvania's 
Wilmington Branch 238 

Land Title and Trust Company, 
608 and 610 Chestnut St 63, 64 

Landith Station, Pennsylvania's 
Wilmington Branch ,238 

Lansdowne Drive, West Fair- 
mount Park 189, 160 

Lansdowne Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Media Branch 239 

La Salle College, 1240 North 
Broad Street ..152 

Laurel Hill Cemetery and Be- 
yond 198 

Law Association Library, 219 
South Sixth Street 101 

Lawndale Station, Keading's 
Newtown Branch 220 

Lawnton Station, Reading's New 
York Division 219 

League Island Navy-Yard, Foot 
of Broad Street 124 

Lehigh Avenue Baptist Church, 
Twelfth St. and Lehigh Ave.... 214 

Lehigh Avenue Station, Read- 
ing's Bethlehem Branch 216 

Lehigh Valley Railroad Ticket 
Office, Chestnut and Broad Sts, 17 



PAGE 

Lemon Hill, near Fairmount 
Water- Works 183 

Lenni Station, Pennsylvania's 
Media and West Chester Br.... 243 

Letitia House, W^est Fairmount 
Park 190 

Leverington Presbyterian 
Church, Roxborough 203' 

Light-House Board, Post-Office 
Building 43 

Lincoln Institution, 323 Scuth 
Eleventh Street 49 

Lincoln Monument, near Fair- 
mount Water- Works 180 

Lindley Station, Reading's Beth- 
lehem Branch 216 

Lindsay's Art Store, Walnut and 
Eleventh Streets 49 

Linwood Station, Pennsylvania's 
Wilmington Branch 238 

Lippincott (J. B.) Company, 
Publishers, 715 and 717 Market 
Street 53, 57, 128, 136, 164 

Lippincott's Magazine, J. B. 
Lippincott Company, Pubs 194 

Little Sisters of the Poor, Eigh- 
teenth Street, near Jefferson 160 

Little Sisters of the Poor, Win- 
gohocking Station, Germant'n...222 

Llanwellyn Station, Baltimore 
and Ohio Railroad 244 

Logan Square, Eighteenth and 
Race Streets 93 

Logan Station, Reading's New 
York Division , 216 

Lombard Investment Company, 
Bullitt Building 74, 76 

Longhead & Co., 1016 Walnut St.. 49 
Lumbermen's Exchange, 18-24 

South Seventh Street 65 

Lutheran Orphans' Home and 
Asylum for the Aged and In- 
firm, Mt. Airy 225, 236 



PART I. — INDEXICAL. 



XXI 



PAGE 

Lutheran Theological Semi- 
nary, Mt. Airy, near Chestnut 
Hill 225 

Lying-in Charity, Eleventh and 
Cherry Streets 127 

]y[achpelah Cemetery, Tenth St. 

and Washington Ave 140 

MacKellar, Smiths & Jordan's 
Type-Foundries, 606-614 San- 
som Street 61, 62 

MacKellar, Thomas, Residence 
of, Penn St., Germantown..222, 223 

McMichael's Statue, near Lemon 
Hill 183 

Maennerchor (Young), Sixth and 
Vine Streets 105 

Manatawna Baptist Church, 
Koxborough 203 

Manayunk Station, Reading's 
Norristown Branch 227 

Manayunk, Suburban Village 
of 202 

Manual Training School (Pub- 
lic), 17th and Wood Streets 118 

Manufacturers' Club, 1409 Wal- 
nut Street 29 

Manufacturers' National Bank, 
27 North Third Street 133 

Mariners' Bethel ( Methodist 
Episcopal), Washington and 
Moyamensing Avenues 142 

Market Square, Main and Mill 
Streets, Germantown 222 

Market Square Presbyterian 
Church, Germantown 224 

Market Street Ferries, over the 
Delaware, to Camden 129, 249 

Market Street National Bank, 
No. 1107 Market Street 50 

Mary J. Drexel Home, Girard 
and Corinthian Avenues. ..156, 158 

Masonic Temple, Broad and Fil- 
bert Streets 3 



PAGK 

Master Builders' Exchange, 18- 

24 South Seventh Street 65, 80 

Maternity Hospital, Thirty-sixth 
Street, near Pine 162 

Mathilde Adler Loeb Dispen- 
sary Jewish Hospital Associa- 
tion 216 

Mechanics' National Bank, 22 
South Third Street 133 

Media and West Chester (To), 
via Pennsvlvania's West Ches- 
ter Branch 238 

Media Borough, on Pennsyl- 
vania's Media and West Ches- 
ter Eailroad 239-243 

Medico-Chirurgical College and 
Hospital, Cherry Street, below 
Eighteenth 97 

Melrose Station, Heading's New 
York Division 219 

Memorial Baptist Church, Broad 
and Master Streets 152 

Memorial Chapel (Mary Eliza- 
beth Patterson), Sixty-third and 
Vine Streets 173 

Memorial Church of the Advo- 
cate (Protestant Episcopal), 
18th Street near Diamond 188 

Memorial Hall, West Fairmount 
Park 192, 195 

Memorial M. E. Church, Ei<;hth 
and Cumberland Streets 214 

Mercantile Library, Tenth Street, 
above Chestnut 50 

Merchants' Exchange, Third and 
Dock Streets 77 

Merchants' National Bank, 108 
South Fourth Street 6, 73 

Merchantville, Borough of, Cam- 
den Co., N. J 251 

Merion Station, Pennsvlvania 
Eailroad ". 228 

Mermaid Inn, on Main Street, 
near Chestnut Hill 225 



XX 11 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Mermaid Station, K catling's 
Chestnut Hill Branch 225 

Messiah Lutheran Church, Six- 
teenth and Jefferson Streets 188 

Methodist Book Rooms, 1818 
Arch Street 126 

Methodist Episcopal Hospital, 
IJroad and Wolf Streets 124 

Methodist Episcopal Orphan- 
age, near Bala Station 231 

Methodist Home for Aged and 
Infirm Members, Thirteenth 
Street and Lehigh Avenue 214 

Midvale Steel Works, Nicetown 
Station 216 

Mikhve Israel Synagogue, Sev- 
enth Street, above Arch 100 

Mint (United States), Chestnut 
Street, below Broad 18, 19 

Mogees Station, Reading's Nor- 
ristown Branch 227 

Monumental Baptist Church, 
Forty-first and Ludlow Streets..l67 

Monument Cemetery, Broad and 
Berks Streets — 155 

Moore Station and Village, Penn- 
sylvania's Wilmington Branch..238 

Moorestown, Village of, Burling- 
ton County, N. J 251 

Morley (John B.) & Co., Mer- 
chant Tailors, Chestnut and 
Eighth Streets 182 

Morton Village and Station, 
Pennsylvania's Media Branch., .239 

Mount Airy, between German- 
town and Chestnut Hill 225 

Mount Airy Station, Reading's 
Chestnut Hill Branch 225 

Mount Auburn Cemetery, Frank- 
ford 149 

Mount Holly, City of, Burlington 
County, New Jersey 252 

Mount Moriah Station, Balti- 
more and Ohio Railroad 244 



PAGE 

Mount Moriah Station, Pennsyl- 
vania's Wilmington Branch 238 

Mount Peace Cemetery 201 

Mount Pleasant Mansion, East 
Park 185 

Mount Pleasant Station, Read- 
ing's Chestnut Hill Branch 225 

Mount St. Joseph's Academy for 
Young Ladies, Chestnut Hill... 237 

Mount Vernon Cemetery 201 

Moyamensing Prison, Tenth and 
Dickinson Streets 124, 125 

Muhr's Sons, (H.), Broad and 
Race Streets and 629 and 631 
Chestnut Street 6, 8 

Municipal Hospital, Lehigh Ave. 
and Lamb Tavern Lane 155 

Musical Fund Hall, Locust St., 
above Eighth 102 

Mutual Life Insurance Co., of 
New York, Chestnut and Tenth 
Streets 45, 46 

^atatorium and Physical Insti- 
tute, 219 South Broad St 37 

National Bank of Commerce, 
No. 209 Chestnut Street 134 

National Bank of the Republic, 
313 Chestnut Street 16, 71, 72 

National Guards' Armory, No. 
516 Race Street ...108 

National Security Bank. Girard 
Avenue and Franklin Street 212 

National State Bank of Camden 
(Philadelphia Office), No. 223 
Market Street 133 

National Theatre, Tenth Street 
and Ridge Avenue 108 

Naval Asylum and Hospital (U. 
S.), Gray's Ferry Road 246 

New Jerusalem (Swedenborgian) 
Church, Chestnut and Twenty- 
second Streets 86, 88 



PART I. — INDEXICAL. 



XXlll 



PAGE 

News, Evening, No. 29 South 
Seventh Street 63 

Newtown ( Philadelphia, New- 
town and New York) Railroad.. 220 

Nicetown Station, Eeading's Ger- 
mantown Branch 216 

Ninth and Green Sts. Station. ...210 

Ninth National Bank, Kensing- 
ton 146 

Ninth Presbyterian Church, Six- 
teenth St., below Chestnut 27 

Norris Square United Presby- 
terian Church 144 

Norris Street M. E. Church, 
Mascher Street 144 

Norristown Station, Beading's 
Norristown Branch 227 

North American (Newspaper), 
Chestnut and Seventh Sts 63 

North Broad St. Presbyterian 
Church, Bruad and Green Sts... 113 

North Broad St. Select School, 
Broad Street and Fairmount 
Avenue 114, 115 

Northern Liberties National 
Bank, Third and Vine Sts 130 

Northern Liberties Presbyterian 
Church, Button wood Street, 
above Fifth Street 106 

Northern Saving-Fund, Sixth 
and Spring Garden Sti-eets 211 

Northminster Presbyterian 
Church, Thirty-tifth and Bar- 
ing Streets 171 

North Presbyterian Church, 6th 
Street al)()ve Green 211 

North United Presbyterian 
Church, Master St., near 15th. ..188 

Northwestern Guaranty Loan 
Company of Minneapolis 70 

Northwestern National Bank, 
Bidge and Girard Avenues 159 

Norwood Station, Pennsylvania's 
Wilmington Branch../. 238 



PAGE 

Nurses' Home (University of 
Pennsylvania), Spruce Street 
near Thirty- fourth 165 

Qakbourne Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Media and West Chester . 
Branch 243 

Oak Lane Station, Reading's 
New York Division ^...219 

Odd-Fellows' Hall, No. 140 N. 
Sixth Street 106 

Odd- Fellows' Home, Seventeenth 

and Tioga Streets, Tioga 216 

Ogontz School Establishment 

for Young Ladies 217, 218, 219 

Ogontz Station, Reading's New 

York Division 219 

Old Ladies' Home, Kensington.. 147 
Old Man's Home, Baring Street 

and Saunders Avenue 172 

Old Pine Street Church (Pres- 
byterian), Fourth and Pine 
Slreets 139 

Old Swedes' Church, near Second 
and Christian Streets 141 

Olivet Baptist Church, Sixth and 
Federal Streets 142 

Olney Station, Reading's New- 
town Branch 220 

Orange Street Friends' Meeting, 
Washingtt>n Square 101 

Orphanage of the M. E. Church, 
near Bala Station 231 

Orphan Asylum (Burd), Market 
Street, near Sixty-third 173 

Orphan Asylum (Philadelphia), 
Sixty-fourth Street and Lans- 
downe Avenue 173 

Orthopaedic Hospital, Seven- 
teenth and Summer Streets 98 

Overbrook Station, Pennsvlvania 
Railroad '. 228 

Oxford Presbyterian Church, 
Broad and Oxford Streets 152 



XXIV 



nilLADKLPlIIA AND ITS ENVII'.DNS. 



I' AGE 

palmyra Village and Station, 

P>urlini;-toii County, N. J 250 

Park Avenue M. E. Church, Park 
Avenue and Norris Street 155 

Park Station, Pennsylvania's 
Scliuylkill Valley Division 230 

Park Theatre, Broad Street and 
Fairmount Avenue 113 

Paschall Station, Pennsylvania's 
AVilniington Branch../. 288 

Patterson (Mary Elizabeth) Me- 
morial Chapel, Sixty-third and 
Vine Streets 173 

Pavonia Village and Station, 
near Camden, New Jersey 250 

Peabody Hotel, 248 South Ninth 
Street 50 

Pencoyd Station, Reading's Main 
Line Division 227 

Penn Asylum, Belgrade Street, 
near Otis, Kensington 147 

Penn Club, Eighth and Locust 
Streets 102 

Penn Mutual Life Insurance 
Company, 921-925 Chestnut 
Street 43, 48 

Penn National Bank, Seventh 
and Market Streets.,... 65 

Pennsylvania Bible Society, 

Seventh and Walnut Streets 101 

Pennsylvania College of Dental 
Surgery, 46 N. Twelfth Street.. 3 

Pennsylvania Historical Society, 

Thirteenth and Locust Streets... 38 

Pennsylvania Hospital, Eighth 
and Spruce Streets 102 

Pennsylvania Hospital for the 
Insane, West Philadelphia 172 

Pennsylvania Institution for the 
Deaf and Dumb, Broad and 
Pine Streets 37 

Pennsylvania Institution for the 
Instruction of the Blind, Twen- 
tieth and Kace Streets 98 



PAGE 

Pennsylvania Life and Trust 
Company, Chestnut Street, ah. 
Fifth 62, 67 

Pennsylvania Museum and 
School of Industrial Art, 1336 
Spring Garden Street 112 

Pennsylvania R. R. Company, 
Fourth Street, below Walnut... 77 

Pennsylvania Railroad's Routes 
and Stations 228, 237 

Pennsylvania Retreat for Blind 
Mutes, 3825 Powelton Ave 171 

Penn Treaty Monument, Beach 
Street, near Hanover 146 

Pennypack Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's New York Division 233 

People's (State) Bank, No. 435 
Chestnut Street 67 

Philadelphia and Atlantic City 
Railroad Station, pier 8 South 
Wharves 130 

Philadelphia and Atlantic City 
Railroad Station, South Street 
Wharf. 131, 138 

Philadelphia and Reading Rail- 
road Company, Fourth Street, 
below Walnut 77 

Philadelphia and Reading Ticket 
Office, Chestnut and Broad Sts. 17 

Philadelphia Art Club, 220 South 
Broad Street 33, 35 

Philadelphia Ball Park, Hunt- 
ingdon Street Station 214 

Philadelphia Club, Walnut and 
Thirteenth Streets 41 

Philadelphia College of Phar- 
macy, 145 N. Tenth Street 1.6 

Philadelphia Dental College, 

Cherry Street, ab. Seventeenth.. 97 

Philadelphia Home for Incura- 
bles, Forty-eighth Street and 
Woodlands Avenue 168 

Philadelphia Home for Infants, 
4618 Westminster Avenue 173 



tART I. — INDEXICAL. 



XXV 



PAGE 

Philadelphia Hospital, Blockley 

Almshouse 165 

Philadelphia Inquirer, No. 929 

Chestnut Street 45 

Philadelphia Library, Locust and 

Juniper Streets 38, 39 

Philadelphia Library (Eid^wav 

Branch) ^120^ 121 

Philadelphia National Bank, 
419-423 Chestnut Street 67 

Philadelphia Orphan Asylum, 
Sixty-fourth Street and Lans- 
downe Avenue 173 

Philadelphia Polyclinic College, 
Broad and Lombard Streets 119 

Philadelphia Record, Chestnut 
Street, above Ninth 43, 44 

Philadelphia Saving Fund, Wal- 
nut and Seventh Streets 99, 100 

Philadelphia Times, Chestnut 
and Eighth Streets 50 

Philadelphia Trust, Safe Deposit 
and Insurance Company, 413- 
417 Chestnut Street 67 

Philopatrian Hall, No. 211 South 
Twelfth Street 41 

Philosophical Society, Fifth St., 
below Chestnut 59 

Pipe Bridge over the Wissa- 
hickon 207 

Pitman Methodist Episcopal 
Church, Twenty-third and 
Lombard Streets. ..1! 248 

Point Breeze Park, near Leao;ue 
Island ;....124 

Polyclinic College for Graduates 
in Medicine, Broad and Lom- 
l)ard Streets 119 

Poplar Station, Eeadino-'s Norris- 
town Branch 227 

Port Richmond, District of, with 
Ilkistration of Coal Wharves... 145 

Postal-Telegraph Cable Com- 
pany, Third and Chestnut Sts... 73 



VAii K 

Post-Office (United States), 9th 
and Chestnut Streets .42, 43 

Powelton Avenue Baptist 

Church, nr. Thirty-Seventh St..l71 

Powelton Avenue Station, Penn- 
sylvania llailroad 228 

Powers & Weightman's Chemi- 
cal Works 210 

Presbyterian and Presbyterian 
Journal, 1510-1512 Chestnut St. 27 

Presbyterian Board of Publica- 
tion, 1334-36 Chestnut Street... 18 

Presbyterian Home for Widows 
and Single Women, near 52d 
St. and Greenway Ave 169, 238 

Presbyterian Hospital, Thirty- 
ninth St. and Powelton Ave 172 

Presbyterian Orphanage, Fifty- 
eighth Street and Kingsessing 
Avenue 169, 238 

Press (newspaper). Chestnut and 
Seventh Streets 63 

Prickett College of Commerce, 
Girard Building, Broad and 
Chestnut Streets 12 

Primos Station (Oak Lane), 
Pennsylvania's Media Branch. .289 

Princeton Presbyterian Church, 
38th St. and Powelton Ave 172 

Produce National Bank, No. 104 
Chestinit Street 134 

Protestant Episcopal Divinity 
School, Fifty first Street and 
Woodlands Avenue... 169 

Provident Building, Chestnut and 
Fourth Streets 67 

Provident Life and Trust Com- 
pany, 409-411 Chestnut Street.. 67 

Public Ledger (newspaper), Si.xth 
and Chestnut Streets 63 

Quaker City Cold Storage Com- 
^ pany. Spruce Street and 
Delaware Avenue 138 



X X V 1 



TIIILADKLPIIIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



VAOK 

Queen Lane Station, Pennsyl- 
vania's (xernumtown Bnincli 234 

XPadnor Village and Station, 

Pennsylvania's jNIain Jjine....229 

Reading Railroad Company's 
Ferries to Camden 249 

Reading Railroad's Routes and 
Stations 200, 210 

Reading's Atlantic City Rail- 
road, from Pier 8 S o u t h 
Wharves 130, 131 

Reading's Main Line, Broad and 
Callowhill Streets .....227 

Reading's Newtown Branch, 
from Third and Berks Streets... 220 

Real Estate Investment Com- 
pany, 721 Walnut Street 99 

Real Estate Trust Company, 
1340 Chestnut Street 18 

Record (Philadelphia), Chestnut 
Street, above Ninth Street.. ..43, 44 

Recorder of Deeds (Office of), 
423 Chestnut Street 67 

Reformed Episcopal Church, 
Chestnut St., ab. Twcnt; -first... 85 

Register of Wills, Office of, 419 
Chestnut Street 67 

Richmond District and Coal 
Wharves 145 

Ridge Avenue Station, Pennsyl- 
vania's New York Division 232 

Ridgway Branch of Philadelphia 
Library, Broad and Christian 
Streets 120, 121 

Ridgway Park, opposite "Walnut 
Street Wharf. 133 

Ridley Station, Baltimore and 
Ohio P.ailroad 244 

Ridley Park, Village and Station, 
Pennsylvania's Wilmington 
Braneh 238 

Rittenhouse Club, 1811 Walnut 
Street 85 



PAGE 

Rittenhouse Square, Eighteenth 
and Walnut Streets 32, 81 

Riverside Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Wilmington Bran(;h 238 

Riverside Village and Station, 
Burlington County, N. J 251 

Riverton Village and Station, 
Burlington County, N. J 250 

Rodef Shalom (Hebrew Syna- 
gogue), Broad and Green Sts....ll3 

Roman Catholic Cathedral, 
Eighteenth and Race Streets..31, 93 

Roman Catholic High-School, 
Broad and Vine Streets 13 

Roofer's Exchange, 18-24 South 
Seventh Street 05 

Rosemont Station, Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad (Main Line) 229 

Roxborough Lyceum, Roxbor- 
ough 203 

Roxborough, Suburban Town 
of 202 

Ryer's Station, Reading's New- 
town Branch ..,.^. 220, 

Qt. Agatha's Roman Catholic 
Church, Thirty-eighth and 
Spring Garden Streets 171 

St. Agnes's Hospital (Roman 
Catholic), Broad and Mifflin 
Streets 123 

St. Andrew's Protestant Episco- 
pal Church, Eighth Street, ab. 
Spruce r. 102 

St. Andrew's Protestant Episco- 
pal Church, Thirty-sixth and 
Baring Streets 171 

St. Ann's Academy, 814 Tucker 
Street 144 

St. Ann's Roman Catholic 
Church, Lehigh Avenue and 
Memphis Street 144 

St. Asaph's Protestant Episco- 
pal Church, at Bala 231 



PART I. — INDEXICAL. 



XXVI I 



PAGE 

St. Augustine's Roman Catholic 
Church, Fourth St., bel. Vine... 106 

St. Barnabas's Church, Third 
and Dauphin Streets 144 

St. Boniface's Church, Front and 
Diamond Streets 144 

St. Bridget's Church, Falls of 
Schuylkill 201 

St. Charles Borromeo, Theologi- 
cal Seminary of, at Overbrook...228 

St. Clement's Church, Twentieth 
and Cherry Streets 98 

St. David's P. E. Church (Ante- 
lie volutionarvj, near Devon 230 

St. David's Protestant Episco- 
pal Church, Manayunk 202 

St. David's Station, Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad, Main Line 229 

St. Edward's Roman Catholic 
Church, Eighth and York Sts...214 

St, Elizabeth's Roman Catholic 
Church, 18th and Berks Sts 188 

St. Elmo Hotel, No. 317 Arch St..l30 
St. Francis Academy (Roman 
Catholic), 2324 Green Street 180 

St. George's Hall, Arch and 
Thirteenth Streets 3 

St. George's M. E. Church, 
Fourth Street, below Vine lOG 

St. James's Church, Kingsessinc;, 
Woodlands Ave., near 68th St..l69 

St. James's P. E. Church, Walnut 
• and TwentA'-Second Streets 89 

St. Joachim's Roman Catholic 
Church, Penn and Pine Streets, 
Frankford 233 

St. John's Church (German Lu- 
theran), 15th St., near Poplar. ..152 

St. John's Church, Manayunk. ...202 

St. John's Lutheran Church, 

Race Street, helow Sixth 106 

St. John's Roman Catholic 

Church, 13th St., ab. Chestnut... 23 



PAGE 

St. John the Baptist's Church 
(P. E.), Germantown 222 

St. Joseph's College, Eighteenth 
and Stiles Streets 160 

St. Joseph's Female Orphan 
Asylum, Spruce and Seventh 
Streets 101 

St. Joseph's Hospital, Seven- 
teenth St. and Girard Avenue. ..160 

St. Joseph's Roman Catholic 
Church, Willing's Alley 77 

St. Jude's Protestant Episcopal 
Church, Franklin Street, above 
Brown 212 

St. Lawrence's Church, Vienna 
and Memphis Streets 146 

St. Luke's Episcopal Church, 

Thirteenth St., below Spruce.... 37 
St. Luke's Episcopal Church, 

[Market (jcjuaro, Germantown... 224 
St. Luke's Evangelical Lutheran 

Church, Seventh Street and 

Montgomery Avenue 213 

St. Mark's Lutheran Church, 

Spring Garden Street, ab. 13th...ll5 

St. Mark's Protestant Episcopal 

Church, Locust St., ab. 16th.... 82 

St. Mark's Protestant Episcopal 
Church, Frankford 149 

St. Martin-in-the-Fields, Church 
of, Wissahickon Heights 23<) 

St. Mary's Hospital, Frankford 
Road and Palmer Street 147 

St. Mary's Protestant Episcopal 
Church, Locust St., near 39th. ..166 

St. Mary's Roman Catholic 
Church, Fourth Street, between 
Walnut and Spruce Streets 77 

St. Matthew's Protestant Epis- 
copal Church, Eigliteenth 
Street and Girard Avenue 159 

St. Matthias's Protestant Epis- 
copal Church, Nineteenth and 
Wallace Streets 180 



XXVlll 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



PAGE 

St. Michael's Roman Catholic 
Church, 2d and Jefferson Sts....214 

St. Patrick's Roman Catholic 
Church, 20th and Locust Sts. ... 82 

St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal 
Church, G19 Catharine Street.. .140 

St. Paul's P. E. Church, Third 
Street, below Walnut 77 

St. Paul's R. C. Church, Chris- 
tian Street, below Tenth 140 

St. Peter's P. E. Church, Third 
and Pine Streets 139 

St. Peter's R. C. Church, Fifth 
Street and Girard Avenue 213 

St. Simeon's P.E. Church, Ninth 
Street and Lehigh Avenue 214 

St. Stephen's Church (Protestant 
Episcopal), Bridesburg 148 

St. Stephen's M. E. Church, 
Main Street, Germantown 222 

St. Stephen's P. E. Church, 
Tenth St., above Chestnut 50 

St. Timothy's P. E. Church, 
Kced Street, below Eighth 142 

St. Timothy's P. E. Church, 
Eoxborough 203 

St. Timothy's Workingmen's 
Club, Manayunk 203 

St. Vincent's Home, Eighteenth 
and Wood Streets 94 

Salem, City of, Salem Co., N. J.. 252 
Salem M. E. Church, Lombard 
and Juniper Streets 119 

Salem Steamboat Line, Arch 
Street Wharf 129 

School Lane Station, Reading's 
Norristown Branch 226 

School of Practice (Public), 
Spring Garden and 17th Sts 113 

Schuylkill Arsenal (U.S.), Gray's 
Ferry Road 247 

Schuylkill Navy Athletic Club, 
1626-1628 Arch Street. ..95, 97, 183 



PAGE 

Schuylkill Valley Division of 
Pennsylvania Railroad 230 

Scots Presbyterian Church, 
Broad Street, near Mifflin 123 

Secane Station (Spring Hill), 
Pennsylvania's Media Branch..239 

Second Moravian Church, 
Franklin and Thompson Sts.... 213 

Second National Bank, Frank- 
ford 149 

Second Presbyterian Church, 
Walnut and Twenty-first Sts.... 89 

Second Presbyterian Church 
(Germantown), Tulpehocken 
and Green Streets 236 

Second Reformed Church in 
America, 7th St., ab. Brown. ..212 

Second United Presbyterian 
Church, Race St., above 15th.., 8 

Secret Service (United States), 
Post-Office Building 43 

Sellers (William) & Co., Six- 
teenth and Hamilton Streets Ill 

Seventh National Bank, Fourth 
and Market Streets 133 

Seventieth Street Station, Balti- 
more and Ohio Railroad 244 

Shackamaxon Street Ferry, Ken- 
sington 146, 249 

Sharon Hill Village and Station, 
Penna.'s AVilmington Branch... 238 

Sharpless Brothers, Eighth and 
Chestnut Streets 53- 

Shortlidge Media Academy, 
Media Borough, Pa 243, 245 

Signal Service (United States), 
Post-Office Building 43 

Sixteenth Street Station, Read- 
ing's Germantown Branch 214 

Sixtieth Street Station, Balti- 
more and Ohio's Route 244 

South Broad Street Baptist 
Church, Broad and Reed Sts.... 132 



PART I. INDEXICAL. 



XXIX 



PAGK 

South Broad Street Theatre, 

Broad iStreet above Spruce 37 

Southern Home for Destitute 
Children, Twelfth and Fiiz- 
water Streets 120 

South Street Station, Pennsylva- 
nia Kailroad 237 

Spencer (George) & Co., 926 
Arch Street 126 

Spreckels's Sugar Refinery, Eeed 
Street and Delaware River 141 

Spring Garden Baptist Church, 

Nineteenth and Master Streets..l60 

Spring Garden Institute, Broad 
and Spring Garden Streets 112 

Spring Garden M. E. Church, 
Twentieth and Spring Garden 
Streets 179 

Spring Garden National Bank, 
Spring Garden and Tvvelftii 
Streets 115 

Spring Garden Presbyterian 
Church, Eleventh Street, above 
Spring Garden 212 

Spring Garden Water- Works, 
East Fairmount Park 184 

Spruce Street Baptist Church, 
above Fourth Street 139 

Standard Theatre, South Street, 
below Twelfth 119 

Stanwich Village and Station, 

Burlington Count}', ISI. J 252 

Star, Evening, No. 30 South Sev- 
enth Street ,. . 63 

Stock Exchange, Drexel's Build- 
ing 60 

Strafford Station, Pennsylvania 
Ptailroad's Main Line 280 

Stratford Hotel, Broad and Wal- 
nut Streets 87 

Strawbridge & Clothier, Eighth 
and Market Streets 53 

Sunday Mercury, No. 21 South 
Seventh Street 63 



PAGE 

Sunday Transcript, 703 Chestnut 
Street 63 

Supreme Court (State), City 
Hall 1 

Swarthmore Station and Col- 
lege, Pennsvlvania's M e d i a 
Branch ". 230 

Swedenborgian Church, Chest- 
nut and Twenty-second Sts...86, 88 

Swedenborgian Church, Frank- 
ford 149 

Sweet Brier, West Fairmount 
Park 190, 191 

'pabernacle Baptist Church, 
Chestnut Street, above Eigh- 
teenth 85 

Tabor Station, Reading's New 
York Division 216 

Tacony District and Stat'n, 149, 233 

Taggart's Sunday Times, 819 
AValnut Street 50 

Temple Adath Jeshurun, Seventh 
Street, ab. Columbia Avenue.. ..213 

Temple Baptist Church, Twenty- 
second and Tioga Sts., Tioga 214 

Temple Presbyterian Church, 
Franklin and Thompson Sts 213 

Tenth National Bank, Broad 
Street and Columbia Avenue 152 

Tenth Presbyterian Church, 
Twelfih and AV'alnut Streets 41 

Theological Seminary of St. 
Charles Borromeo, at Over- 
brook 228 

Third and Berks Streets Station, 
Reading Raili'oad 144 

Third Baptist Church, Wister 
and Wakefield Streets, German- 
town 222 

Third National Bank, Broad and 
Market Streets 142 

Third Presbyterian Church, 
Fourth and Pine Streets 139 



XXX 



piiiIjAdelphia and its environs. 



PAGE 

Thompson, E. O., 1338 Chestnut 
Street 18 

Thurlow Station, Pennsylvania's 
Wilmington Branch 238 

Tioga Station, Beading's Ger- 
man town Branch 214 

Tioga Street Station, Beading's 
German town Branch 214 

Tioga Street Station, Kensington, 
on Pennsylvania's New York 
Division 232 

Tioga Village, on the Pennsylva- 
nia's Germantown Branch 233 

Torresdale Station, on Pennsyl- 
vania's New York Division 233 

Tradesmen's National Bank, 
Drexel Building 60 

Trenton Steamboat Line, Arch 
Street Wharf 129 

Trinity Lutheran Church, Main 
Street, Germantown 222 

Trinity Methodist Church, 
Mount Vernon and 15th Sts 115 

Trinity P. E. Church, Catharine 
Street, near Second 140 

Trinity P. E. Church, Forty-sec- 
and and Baltimore Avenue 166 

Tulpehocken Station, Pennsyl- 
vania's Germantown Branch. ...236 

Twelfth Street Meeting, Twelfth 
Street, below Market 23 

Twenty-second Street Station, 

on Pennsjdvania's N. Y. Div....232 

Twenty-second Street Station, 

Beading's Norristown Branch. ..226 

■y^ion^ League of Philadelphia, 
Broad and Sansom Streets..28, 29 

Union National Bank, Third and 

Arch Streets 130 

Union Presbyterian Church, 

Thirteenth Street, bel. Spruce... 37 

Union Trust Company, 715-717 
Chestnut Street 63 



PAGE 

Unitarian Church (First); Chest- 
nut Street, nr. Twenty-second.... 85 

Unitarian Church, Germantown, 
Chelton Avenue and Green St.. 284 

United States Mint, Chestnut 
Street, below Broad ...18, 19 

United States Post-Office, Chest- 
nut and Ninth Streets 42, 43 

University Club, 1316 Walnut 
Street 41 

University Hospital, Thirty- 
sixth and Spruce Streets 162 

University of Pennsylvania, 
Thirty-fourth and Pine Sts..l62, 163 

Upland Station, Baltimore and 
Ohio Bailroad 244 

Upsal Station, Pennsjdvania's 
Chestnut Hill Branch 236 

Upton Station, Pennsylvania's 
Main Line 229 

■galley Falls Station, Beading's 

Newtown Branch 220 

Valley Forge Station, Beading's 
Main Line Division 227 

Valley Green Hotel, on the Wis- 
sahicl<on 207 

Veterinary College and Hospi- 
tal, Pine St. and Guardian Ave..l62 

Villa Nova College and Monas- 
tery, at Villa Nova, Pennsyl- 
vania Bailroad 229 

Vineland, Village of, Cumberland 
Co., New Jersey 252 

Vine Street Wharf, Camden and 
Atlantic Bailroad Station.. 130, 249 

Volks-blatt (newspaper). No. 23 
South Seventh Street 63 

'\^ a g n e r Free Institute of 

Science, Seventeenth Street 
and Montgomery Avenue...l88 

Wakefield Mills, Pisher's Lane, 
Germantown 221 



PART I. INDEXICAL. 



XXXI 



PAGE 

Wakefield Presbyterian Church, 
Main Street, German town 222 

Wallingford Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Media Branch 239 

Walnut Lane Station, Beading's 
Chestnut Hill Branch 225 

Walnut St. Presbyterian Church, 
"Walnut Street, near Thirty- 
ninth 166 

Walnut Street Theatre, I^inth 
and Walnut Streets 50 

Wanamaker's, Thirteenth and 
Chestnut Streets 23 

Washington Hotel, 711 Chestnut 
Street 63 

Washington Lane, Germantown 
(near Walnut Lane) 225 

Washington Square, Sixth and 
Walnut Streets 99 

Wawa Station, Pennsylvania's 
Media and West Chester Br 243 

Wayne Borough, on Pennsylva- 
nia Railroad, JNIain Line 229 

Wayne Junction, Reading's Ger- 
niantown Branch 216 

West Arch Street Presbyterian 
Church, 18Lh and Arch Sts 97 

West Chester Borough, via 
Pennsylvania, Media and West 
Chester Branch 243 

West Conshohocken Station, 
Reading's Main Line 227 

West Fairmount Park and Vi- 
cinity 189 

West Falls Station, Reading's 
Main Line ^...227 

West Jersey Railroad Station, 
Market Sti-eet Ferries 129 

West Laurel Hill Station, Penn- 
sylvania's Schuylkill Valley 
Division 232 

West Spruce St. Presbyterian 
Church, Seventeenth and 
Spruce Streets 82 



PAGE 

Western Home for Poor Chil- 
dren, Forty-lirst and Baring Sts. 172 

Western National Bank, 406-408 
Chestnut Street 68 

Western Saving Fund Society, 
Walnut and Tenth Streets 49 

Western Union Telegraph Com- 
pany, Broad and Chestnut Sts., 
and Third and Chestnut Sts.. 17, 73 

Westminster Presbyterian 
Church, Broad and Fitzwater 
Streets 120 

W^estmoreland Station, on the 
Penna.'s Germantown Branch. .233 

Westtown Station, Pennsylva- 
nia's Media and West Chester 
Branch 243 

Wharton Street M. E. Church, 
AVhartnn St., near Fourth 142 

Whelen Home for Girls, at 
Bristol, Pa 127 

White (S. S.) Dental Manufac- 
turing Company, Chestnut and 
Twelfth Streets 24 

William Penn Charter School, 
Twelfth St., below Market 23 

Williamson Free School of Me- 
chanical Trades, near Elw3-n,.243 

Wills Eye Hospital, 1810 Race 
Street 94 

Wilmington, City of, via Balti- 
more and Ohio Railroad 244 

Wilmington City, via Pennsylva- 
nia's Wilmington Branch 238 

Windsor Hotel, 1219-1227 Fil- 
bert Street 3 

Wingohocking Station, Read- 
ing's Germantown Branch 222 

Winsor Steamship Line, Pine 
Street and Dflaware Avenue. ...138 

Wissahickon Avenue, Pennsyl- 
vania's Germantown Bran(']i....234 

Wissahickon Creek, Drive up 
the 204 



XXXll 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS KNVIRONS. 



PAGE 

Wissahickon Heights Station, 
Peiins^'lvania's Chestnut Hill 
Branch 235 

Wissahickon Inn, Wissahickon 
Heights, Chestnut Hill 236 

Wissahickon Station, Keading's 
Norristown Branch 226 

Wissinoming Station, Pennsyl- 
vania's New York Division 283 

Wister Station, Keading's Ger- 
mantown Branch 222 

Woman's Medical College and 
Hospital, at Twenty-lirst Street 
and North College Avenue 159 

Women's Christian Association, 
1117-1119 Arch Street 127 

Wood (R. D.) Building, Fourth 
and Chestnut Streets 67 

Woodbury, City of, Gloucester 
County, N. J 252 

Woodland Presbyterian Church, 

Forty-second and Pine Sts ......166 

Woodlands Cemetery, Wood- 
lands Avenue « 166 

Working Home for Blind Men, 
3518 Lancaster Avenue 171 



pagp: 
Working Home for Blind 
Women, Powelton and Saun- 
ders Avenues 172 

Wylie Memorial Church, Broad 
Street above Pine 37 

Wyndmoor Station, Reading's 
Chestnut Hill Branch .\..225 

Wynnewood Station, Pennsylva- 
nia liaih-oad (Main Line) 228 

Wyoming Avenue Station, Read- 
ing's Newtown Branch 220 

Y^ung Maennerchor, Sixth and 
Vine Streets 105 

Young Men's Christian Associa- 
tion, Chestnut and Fifteenth 
Streets 27 

^eisse's Hotel and Restaurant, 

818-822 Walnut Street 50, 52 

Zion Lutheran Church (German), 
Franklin Street, below Vine.... 106 

Zion Protestant Episcopal 
Church, Eighth Street and Co- 
lumbia Avenue 213- 

Zoological Garden, West Bank 
of the Schuylkill 174, 232 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



PART II.— DESCRIPTIVE. 



PRINCIPAL ATTRACTIONS IN AND AROUND THE CITY. 




City 
Hall. 



I. 

The City Hall, and Vicinity. 

ONSPICUOUS among the numerous architectural attrac- 
tions of Pliiladelphia is tlie new City Hall (popularly 
known as "The Public Buildings"), standing at the inter- 
section of Broad and Market Streets, on the plot of ground 
once known as Penn Square, sufficiently near the geograpliical 
centre of the city to be easy of access from all sections, and marking 
a locality that is rapidly becoming noted for its attractive business 
establishments. This enormous structure, which was 
begun on the 10th of August, 1871, is probably the 
largest building in America, not excepting the Capitol 
at Washington, being four hundred and eighty-six and one-half 
feet in length, north and south, and four hundred and seventy in 
width east and west, covering an area of four and one-half acres, 
exclusive of a court-yard in the centre two hundred feet square. 
Around the whole is a grand avenue, two hundred and five feet wide 
on the northern front and one hundred and thirty-five feet on the 
others. The basement-story of this building is of fine granite, and 
the superstructure of white marble from tlie Lee (Massachusetts) 
quarries, the whole strongly backed with brick and made thoroughly 
fire-proof. It contains five hundred and twenty rooms, and, besides 
the offices of the City Government, which are being concentrated 
here as rapidly as accommodations can be prepared for them, on 
the second floor at the south front of tlie building are the chambers 
of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. Surmounting this splendid 
structure is a central tower which, according to the plan, will rise to 
an altitude of five hundred and thirty-seven and one-third feet and 
terminate in a colossal statue of William Penn, thirty-six feet in 
height. The erection of this building was by act of the State Legis- 

1 




CITY HALL. 



Masonic 
Temple. 



THE CITY HALL AND VICINITY. 3 

latiire, approved August 5, 1870, intrusted to a commission of gentle- 
men named in tlie act l^nown as " Commissioners for tlie erection 
of the Public Buildings." 

Flanking the new City Hall on the north, the Masonic Temple, 
whose corner-stone Avas laid in 1868, in the presence of ten thousand 
of the fraternity, rears its stately head high above the neighboring 
houses. It is built of granite dressed at the quarry and 
brought to the site ready to be raised at once to its 
place, so that what was said of its great prototype, the 
temple of Solomon, may be said with almost equal truth of this, — 
"There was neither hammer nor axe nor any tool of iron heard in 
the house, while it was in building." Over $1,500,000 was expended in 
the construction of this edifice, which, in 1873, was dedicated with 
imposing ceremonies. The temple is one hundred and fifty feet in 
breadth by two hundred and fifty in length, with a side elevation of 
ninety feet above the pavement, its colossal proportions making it 
seem low, even with this height. A tower two hundred and fifty 
feet high rises at one corner, while at other i)oints minor towers and 
spires rise above the cornice, forming attractive ornaments to the 
several fronts of the structure. Seven lodge-rooms, known respec- 
tively as the Corinthian Hall, the Renaissance Hall, the Ionic Hall, 
the Egyptian Hall, the Norman Hall, the Gothic Hall, and the 
Oriental Hall, together with the superbly-appointed Banquet Hall 
and the Grand Master's apartments, constitute the principal features 
of the interior of the temple. Passing the southern front of the 
Temple, and worthy of note as a busy thoroughfare, is Filbert Street, 
on the line of which are located some heavy business houses, and 
several hotels where comfortable accommodations can be had at mod- 
erate rates. Chief among the latter are the Windsor Hotel, below 
Thirteenth Street (Nos. 1219-1227 Filbert Street), lately rebuilt and 
enlarged and supplied with many of the modern hotel appliances, 
and the Hotel Hilton, at 1109 Filbert Street. At the north-west cor- 
ner of Twelfth and Filbert Streets (No. 46 North Twelfth Street) is 
the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery, and at the corner of Arch 
and Thirteenth Streets stands St. George's Hall, which, besides being 
the head-quarters of the St. George's Society, contains a fine assembly- 
room and offices. 

Adjoining the Masonic Temple on the nortli is the handsome Arch 
Street Methodist Episcopal Church, of marble, occupying with its 
chapel a lot one hundred and fifteen feet by one hundred and seventy- 



Academy of 
Fine Arts. 



4 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

five feet in extent and erected at a cost of about $250,000. Its seating 
capacity is about eight hundred. On the north-east corner of Broad 
and Arch Streets is the German-American Title and Trust Company. 
At the south-west and nortli-west corners of Broad and Arch Streets 
stand respectively the Church of the Holy Communion (Lutheran), 
of green serpentine stone, in battlemented style of architecture, and 
the First Baptist Church, of massive brown-stone, whose ivy-covered 
walls and lofty spire present a j)leasing aspect. 

A short distance north of the City Hall, at the corner of Broad 
and Cherry Streets, stands the Academy of Fine Arts, in the Venetian 
style of Architecture. The association to which this 
building belongs was founded in 1805, and incorporated 
under the name and style of the Pennsylvania Academy 
of the Fine Arts. Its first home was in a building which it erected 
on Chestnut Street above Tenth, w^here it began a series of exhibitions 
which continued, annually, for more than half a century. Its present 
fine structure was completed in 1876. The building presents on 
Broad Street a highly-ornate and striking fagade, composed of a 
central tower and two slightly-recessed wings. Over the princii)al 
entrance is shrined a mutilated antique statue of the goddess Ceres, 
above which bends the arch of the great east window. The structure 
is one hundred by two hundred and sixty feet, and is practically fire- 
proof, no wood entering into its construction, except a thin lining on 
the walls to protect the pictures against dampness, a single thickness 
on some of the floors, and some doors and finishings ; everything else 
is iron, brick, or stone, so that works of art placed within its walls 
are as safe as human care can make them. The roof is of iron, cov- 
ered with slate and glass. The principal interior ornamentation of 
the building has been concentrated in the main entrance hall and 
staircase. The stone used in them is Ohio sandstone, from the Cleve- 
land quarries ; the shafts of the columns under the stairs are of Vic- 
toria and rose crystal marbles and Jersey granite, and those of the 
upper hall of Tennessee marble. The capitals of all the interior col- 
umns are of French Eschallon marble ; the rail of the main staircase 
is of solid bronze. The cost of the building was nearly four hundred 
thousand dollars, and of the site ninety-five thousand dollars. 
Within this noble building is gathered one of the most extensive 
and, historically considered, the most interesting collection in the 
United States. It includes about three hundred oil-paintings, nu- 
merous bronzes, marbles, and sculptures, several hundred casts, 



4 



Cardinal Points 
in Banking. 



sAFETy 




ePAV-V 



You'll find them all at the 

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK. 



CAPITAL, 

$600,000 



Surplus and Profits, 
$136,516.06 



ESTABLISHED 1853. 



H. 7V\:UHR'S SONS, 

Watch and Jewelry Factory. 




DIAMONDS 



^^'^ PRECIOUS 
STONES. 



Salesrooms : 

29-631 Chestnut Street, Phila. 
20 John Street, New York. . . 
139 State Street, Chicago. . . . 
28 Rue Simon. Antwerp. . . . 



FACTORY, CORNER BROAD AND RACE STREETS. 



THE CITY HALL AND VICINITY. 7 

and many tbousaud engravings, and besides these, which constitute 
its permanent museum, annual exhibitions are lield of the works of 
contributing artists, and special loan exhibitions are arranged from 
time to time, generally from private galleries of wealthy citizens. 

But the Academy of Fine Arts is something more than a splendid 
picture- and sculpture-gallery. It embraces a system of schools 
supported primarily in the interest of those who intend to become 
professional artists, besides whom those who expect to devote them- 
selves to decorative painting and sculpture as a means of livelihood 
(lithographers, china-painters, decorators, etc.) are welcomed to the 
schools, as are also amateurs so far as is practicable without interfer- 
ence with the professional students. The Academy does not under- 
take to furnish detailed instruction, but, rather, facilities for study 
supjDlemented by the occasional criticism of teachers. The classes 
consist of an antique class, a life class, and modelling classes. Lec- 
tures on artistic anatomy are delivered twice a week, and the facilities 
for the study of anatomy are much superior to those possessed by any 
other art school in the world. Among recent benefactors of the 
Academy, the late John S. Phillips and the late Joseph E. Temple are 
prominent examples. Mr. Phillips left to it his comprehensive and 
choice collection of engravings, one of the most valuable in the 
country, and Mr. Temple made it bequests aggregating in estimated 
value one hundred thousand dollars, sixty thousand dollars in money 
and the remainder in jiaintings. To Mr. Temple the public owes the 
two days of free admission which are now allowed, a requirement to 
that effect having been made a condition of certain of his bequests. 
Since his gifts a general endowment fund of one hundred thousand 
dollars has been subscribed and paid in by a number of citizens, 
and is now yielding an income of about five thousand dollars per 
annum. The free days are Sunday and Mondaj'^ ; on other days a 
charge of twenty-five cents is made for admission. 

Diagonally opposite the Academy of Fine Arts, at the north-east 
corner of Broad and Cherry Streets, is the curious brick building, 
polygonal in form, where are held from time to time 
those realistic cycloramic exhibitions which are so 
largely patronized. Here was exhibited to admiring 
thousands Philippoteaux's "Battle of Gettysburg," and, later, the 
cyclorama of "Jerusalem at the Time of the Crucifixion." Just 
above, at No. 145 North Broad Street, is the Armory of the State Fen- 
cibles, — a battalion of the Pennsylvania militia, — and on Thirteenth 



Cyclorama 
Building. 



8 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

Street, mid way between Race and Vine Streets, is the Thirteenth Street 
Methodist Church, witli its attractive front of stone. At the soutli- 
west corner of Broad and Race Streets, stands the stately Muhr 
Building, tlie jewelry manufactory of H. Muhr's Sons, whose sales- 
rooms are at 629 Chestnut Street. A square west of the Muhr 
Building:, at Race and Fifteenth Streets, is located the Friends' Cen- 
tral School, connected with the Meeting (Hicksite) there, — a graded 
school, or series of schools, of excellent repute, embracing all the 
usual branches of study from primary to classical. The grounds of 
the school and meeting extend from Race to Cherry and from 
Fifteenth to Sixteenth Streets, and on the opposite side of Sixteenth 
Street are grounds belonging to the Orthodox Friends, containing 
the Friends' Library and the Friends' Select School. On the north 
side of Race Street, between Fifteenth and Sixteenth, is the Second 
United Presbyterian Church, 

Located on Broad Street, above Race, and extending through to 
Fifteenth Street, is the Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital, 
the oldest and the leading Homoeopathic institution 
in the country. The building of the college proper is 
a fine edifice in the modified Gothic style of archi- 
tecture, with a front on Broad Street of seventy feet 
and a depth of one hundred feet, having a central tow^er terminating, 
in a pyramidal spire. This institution was organized in 1848, under 
the name of the Homoeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, and 
began its career in a building in the rear of No. 627 Arch Street, 
whence it removed in 1849 to Filbert Street, above Eleventh. There, 
in 1869, it was joined by and took the name of a rival school of the 
same faith (The Hahnemann), and there it remained until the com- 
pletion of its new building in 1886. Since the consolidation the col- 
lege has been highly prosperous and annually graduates a large class. 
From the outset there has been in connection with the college a dis- 
pensary for affording gratuitous homoeopathic treatment to the poor, 
at which, up to May, 1888, oA'er three hundred thousand cases had 
been gratuitously treated. 

A series of hospital buildings in course of erection join the college 
on the rear, embracing an out-patient or dispensary building, fifty by 
seventy feet in extent and three stories in height, a public wards build- 
ing, an administrative building, and a building for private wards and 
children's hospital, the latter having an attractive front of brick with 
brown-stone base and terra-cotta trimmings, on Fifteenth Street, and 



Hahnemann 

Medical College 

and Hospital. 




HAHNEMANN MEDICAL COLLEGE. 



The 

Forsythe School 

Locust and 

Twenty-second 

Streets. 

School for Little Eoys. 

College Preparation. 

Manual & Physical Training. 



Ripka & Co., 

Artists' 

Wax and Paper 

Flower 

Materials, 

128 South Eleventh St., 
Philadelphia. 



''Thorman," 



A 



W 



,^i 



N 



G 



113 N. Seventh St. 



H. W. Vahle, 

Dealer in all kinds of 

Birds, 
Cages, 

Fine Bred Fowl, Pigeons, 

Dogs, Pet Animals, 

Gold Fish and Globes, etc. 

46 N. Ninth St. and 
319 Market St. 



Addison Hutton 

Architect, 

400 Chestnut St. 

Phila. 



John H. Chesnut 

Attorn ey-at-Law, 

S. E. Cor. Fifth and Chesnut 
Streets, 

Philadelphia. 
Drexel Building, Room 508. 



DON'T throw ^50 away 




by paying $135 for a Bicycle, 
when you can buy a Coventry 
Rival Safety just as good for 
;^85, at the Sweeting Cycle 
Co., 639 Arch St. Send for 
Catalogue. 



Presbyterian 
Board of 
PubHcatlon 

and 

Sabbath-School 

Work, 

1334 
Chestnut Street, 

Philadelphia. 



Herman Faber, 

Artist, 
524 Walnut St. 



Heins&Whelen 

Public 

Accountants 

and 

Auditors, 

508 Walnut Street. 



The 
Peerless Brick Company 

Manufacturers of 

Plain, Pressed, Ornamental, 

Moulded, and Colored 

Bricks, 

Works, Old York Road and 

Nicetown Lane. 

Office, Master Builders' 

Exchange, S. Seventh Street, 

Philadelphia. 



F. Chas. Eichel, 
Boot 

and 

Shoe 

Manufacturer, 

909 Arch St., Phila. 

Large assortment of Ready- 
made Boots and Shoes 
always on hand. 




BKOAD STREET STATION. 



The 
Leading 
School 

of 
Business 

and 
Shorthand 



THE NEW HOME OF ^^ 

■I 

Day ^ 
Afternoon 
and Evening 




Separate 




Department 



'^U^ 



"GIRARD BUILDING," 



BROAD AND CHESTNUT STREETS, PHILADELPHIA. 



The College bases its claims for patronage upon 
I. The Advanced Cow^se of Listriiction. 

2. The Ability and Experience of the Faculty. 

J. The Preference accorded by Leading Busitiess Men. 
4. The Proficiency and Success of Graduates. 



Send for Circulars and " Report of Commencement," containing addresses by Bishop J. H. 
Vincent, D.D., LL.D., Hon. John Wanamaker, Ex-Governor Pollock, Geo. K. Morris, D.D., 
Edward Brooks, Ph.D., and others. 

THOS. J. PRICKETT, Preside7it. 



Catholic 
High-School. 



THE CITY HALL AND VICINITY. 13 

being the result of the consoHdation in 1886 of tlie Pennsylvania 
Homoeopathic Hospital for Children with the Hahnemann Medical 
College and Hospital. The entire cost of the college and hospital 
buildings, when completed and furnished, will aggregate about 
$500,000, including the ground. 

At the north-east corner of Broad and Vine Streets, three squares 
north of the City Hall, is the new building of the Roman Catholic 
High-School, a beautiful marble structure, three stories 
in height, on a high granite base, surmounted bj^ an 
appropriate tower, and having fronts on Vine and 
Broad Streets of one hundred and fifteen and one hundred and forty 
feet respectively. This institution is the outgrowtli of a bequest of Mr. 
Thomas E. Cahill, late president of the Knickerbocker Ice Company, 
and is intended to supplement the Catholic parochial schools by a 
course of semi-industrial instruction, particularly in the mechanical 
and scientific arts, with the view of securing for its pupils a practical 
rather than a classical education. The sum of seventy thousand 
dollars was paid for the ground on which the institution stands, and 
the cost of it and the building and appliances will be defrayed out of 
the income from the bequest, leaving the principal (some four hun- 
dred thousand dollars) as a foundation for the current expenses of the 
school. The building was designed bj' Mr. Edwin F. Durang. 

The other surroundings of the City Hall are perhaps of an equally 
striking character. Facing it on the west is the palatial Broad Street 
Station of the Pennsylvania Kailroad, with its front of 
combined Gothic, Greek, and Roman styles of architec- 
ture, — an elegant building with a granite base sur- 
mounted by several stories in ornamental brick and terra-cotta, 
terminating in a lofty spire. Broad stairways of stone lead fvnni the 
ground floor of the station to the public apartments al)ove, which 
comprise a general waiting-room, a ladies' waiting-room and res- 
taurant, and a spacious vestibule, whence through iron gates are the 
entrances and exits to and from the almost constantly arriving and 
departing trains. An elevated road-bed from beyond the Schuylkill 
River, covered with a net-work of tracks, leads to this station, and 
though so extensive and perfect are the appointments that to the 
casual observer there seems little room for improvement, yet frequent 
changes are being made evidently in furtherance of the original de- 
sign which is said to be to cover eventually the entire space from 
Filbert to Market Street, east of Eighteenth, with terminal facilities. 



Broad Street 
Station. 



Girard Life 
and Trust 
Company. 



14 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

Near Broad Street Station, on the south-west corner of Market and 
Broad Streets, is the Third National Bank. 

At the north-east corner of Chestnut and Broad Streets, with a 
front of one hundred feet on the former and ninety-five feet on the 
hitter, stands the new office-building of the well-known 
Girard Life Insurance, Annuity, and Trust Company of 
Philadelphia, incorporated in 1836, and, with a single ex- 
ception, the oldest Trust Company in the State. The 
building was designed by Mr. Addison Hutton, and is Romanesque 
in its general style of architecture, so modified, however, as to secure 
a superabundance of natural light and air and to render available the 
most approved modern appliances for artificially lighting, heating, 
and ventilating its several apartments. It is nine stories high, sur- 
mounted by an imposing tower. The fronts, on both Chestnut and 
Broad Streets, are constructed of hewn Indiana limestone, and the 
other external walls of brick ; the interior construction, embracing 
floors, hall-ways, stairs, partitions, etc., being wholly of stone, brick, 
and iron, and therefore thoroughly fire-proof. A massive arched por- 
tal, on Chestnut Street, seventeen feet wide by twenty-six feet high, 
leads to the main entrance hall, which is decorated by a high wain- 
scoting of beautiful mosaic marble, the whole surface above being 
lined with an African marble of a delicate rose color, the effect of 
which is exceedingly rich and harmonious. This hall leads directly 
to the spacious office of the Trust Company, which embraces the 
first floor and entresol at the rear of the building, forty-three feet 
six inches by eighty feet in extent. A direct entrance on the 
Broad Street front also gives access to this apartment, which is 
abundantly lighted by a skylight twenty feet by fifty feet and by 
courses of large windows at both east and west. Here are located the 
various departments of the Company, which embrace a Banking 
Department, in which deposit accounts are received (bearing two 
per cent, interest and subject to check at sight), loans negotiated, 
collections made, stocks and bonds of corporations registered and 
transferred, dividends paid, etc. ; a Trust Department (under the per- 
sonal suj)ervision of the vice-jD resident, Mr. Henry Tatnall), through 
which the Company" acts as executor, administrator, trustee, guar- 
dian, assignee, receiver, agent, etc., etc., upon terms subject to 
agreement ; a Real Estate Department, for the management, pur- 
chase and sale of real estate in Philadelphia and vicinitj^ the col- 
lection of rents, and the general care of property ; and a Safe Deposit 




THE GIRARD LIFE INSURANCE, ANNUITY, AND TRUST COMPANY, 
N. E. CORNER BROAD AND CHESTNUT STREETS. 



NATIONAL 

BANK OF THE REPUBLIC, 



PI-lIIv^DB^Li^HIA. 




j/j Chest7iitt Street. 



DIRECTORS. 

WILLIAM H. RHAWN, 

President. 

CHARLES RICHARDSON. 

Chas. Richardson & Sons. 

WILLIAM HACKER, 
Coal & Canal Cos., Pa. R. R. 

WILLIAM B. BEMENT, 
Bement, Miles & Co. 

JAMES M. EARLE, 
James S. Earle & Sons. 

JOHN F. SMITH, 
MacKellar, Smiths & Jordan Company. 

HOWARD HINCHMAN, 
Howard Hinchman & Son. 

HENRY W. SHARPLESS, 

Sharpless Brothers. 

EDWIN J. HOWLETT, 

E.J. Hewlett & Son. 

EDWARD K. BISPHAM, 

Samuel Bispham & Sons. 

HENRY T. MASON, 
Glue, Curled Hair, etc. 

CHARLES J. FIELD, . 
Hardware. 

EDWARD H. WILSON, 
E. H. Wilson & Co. 

SOLICITOR. 
CHARLES E. PANCOAST. 

NOTARY. 
ALONZO P. RUTHERFORD. 



PRESIDENT. 
WILLIAM H. RHAWN. 

CASHIER. 
JOSEPH P. MUMFORD. 



Capital- 
Surplus 



. ^500,000 
. ^300,000 



ACCOUNTS SOLICITED. 



THE CITY HALL AND VICINITY. 17 

Department, which includes the renting of safe-deposit boxes and 
safes in burglar- and fire-proof vaults, the custody of coupon bonds 
and valuable papers, and the storage of silver-chests and silver plate. 

The burglar-proof vaults, constructed by George L. Damon, of 
Boston, noted for his work done for the government in the Treasury 
Building at Washington, are said to be the finest ever furnished for 
any financial company — the doors of the four separate vaults in the 
main office being models of w'orkmanship, and surpassing all of Mr. 
Damon's previous eflTorts. Two Otis elevators, of the safest and 
swiftest pattern, traverse the building near the centre from the 
basement to the topmost story. Steam-heating and incandescent 
electric lights, from plants on the premises, are furnished to all the 
rooms in the building, as well as an abundant water supply for sani- 
tary purposes. 

As reorganized the Girard Company has a capital of $1,000,000, its 
surplus ajDproximating $2,000,000 additional. Its executive officers 
are Effingham B. Morris, President ; Henry Tatnall, Vice-President 
and Treasurer; William N. Ely, Assistant Treasurer; Xathaniel B. 
Crenshaw, Real Estate Officer; George Tucker Bispham, Sohcitor; 
and its managers are Effingham B. Morris, George Taber, H. N. 
Burroughs, John A. Brown, Jr., William Massey, Benjamin W. 
Richards, John B. Garrett, William H. Jenks, George Tucker Bisp- 
ham, William H. Gaw, B. Andrews Knight, Samuel B. Brown, 
Francis I. Gowen, George H. McFadden. 

The immediate neighborhood of Broad and Chestnut Streets is 
crowded with concerns of interest and importance. Located on the 
first floor of the Chestnut Street front of the Girard Company's Build- 
ing and flanking the splendid entrance-hall on either side are the 
ticket-offices of the Philadelphia and Reading, the Baltimore and Ohio, 
and the Lehigh Valley Railroads. In a plain old structure, formerly 
the Tabernacle Presbyterian Church, between the Girard Company's 
building and the City Hall, is the main Philadelphia office of the 
Western Union Telegraph Company, and at the south-east corner of 
Broad and Chestnut Streets are located a ticket-office of the Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad, a telegraph office, and an office of the Union Transfer 
Company. A few doors south of the corner (No. 113 South Broad 
Street) is the executive office of the American District Telegraph Com- 
pany, adjoining which, at the corner of Broad and Sansom Streets, 
Is the Chambers Presbyterian Church, an imposing building with a 
portico in front, the pediment being supported by fluted pillars. 

2 



18 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



United 
States Mint. 



Fronting on Chestnut Street, east of Broad, stands the United 
States Mint, erected in 1829-33 at a cost of 1150,074.80, the successor 
of the first mint which was built, in 1792-93, on Sev- 
enth Street above Market. The present building was 
originally an Ionic structure of brick walls faced with 
marble, but since its first erection it has been enlarged and other- 
wise modified. Further changes in the structure are contemplated, 
in view of which a recent appropriation of $220,000 for the pur- 
pose has been made by Congress. Opposite the Mint, at 1338 Chest- 
nut Street, is one of the several clothing establishments (the Import- 
ing Department) of E. O. Thompson, 

whose name is so familiar to the read- ,^^:--' -j' ": :^ :;;;;;.: 

ers of the advertising columns of our 
dailies, and whose branch houses in- 
clude, besides a custom tailor-shop on 
Walnut Street in this city (No. 908), 
extensive establishments in the cities 
of New York and Boston. 

At Nos. 1334-1336 Chestnut Street 
are the rooms of the Presbyterian 
Board of Publication, in an edifice 
four stories high with a granite front 
of forty-four feet and a depth of two 
hundred and thirty-five feet to San- 
son! Street. This building, which is 
of New Hampshire granite with pol- 
ished Aberdeen granite columns, was 
erected in 1873 (at a cost of $130,000), 
following the union of the Old School 
and New School branches of the Pres- 
byterian Church, and contains, besides 
the book-store, an assembly-room, a 
library, committee-rooms, etc. It is a 
ftivorite place of resort for the clergy 

and other prominent members of the Presbyterian Church, of which 
it is considered the Philadelphia head-quarters. Two doors above 
the Presbyterian Board building, at No. 1340 Chestnut Street, is the 
Real Estate Trust Company of Philadelphia, incorporated in 1885, in 
its new granite building of diminutive proportions but of prodigious 
solidity and strength. 




Geo. W. Metz 
& Sons, 

Brush and Bellows 
Manufacturers, 

909 Market Street, 
Philadelphia. 


Barlow's 
Indigo Blue. 

D. S. Wiltberger, 

Proprietor, 

233 North Second 
Street. 


Palm's 

Business 
College, 

1709 

Chestnut 

St. 


ohn M. Evans, 

Carpets, 
919 Market St. 

" Day-Light" 
Carpet Rooms. 


A. A. Bockius & Co. 

Importers and Dealers in 

China and Glassware 

Fancy Goods and Lamps, 

1009 Market St., 

Philadelphia. 


The Call, 

The 

Best Afternoon Newspaper. 

Double Sheet. 

One Cent. 

Robt. S. Davis, Proprietor. 


Established 1840. 

I. H. Wisler & Son, 

Manufacturers and Dealers in 

Cane, Wood, and 
Leather Seat Chairs. 

Also, Folding, Antique, and 

Rattan Chairs, 

Wholesale and Retail. 

223 and 225 N. Sixth St., 
Opposite Franklin Square. 


Lane, 
Carriages, 

Imported Harness, 

Unique Pole Screen. 

D. M. Lane's Sons, 

1708 Chestnut St. 


Rea & Riley, 

Carpenters 

and 

Builders, 

627 Filbert St. 


Charles Beck, 

609 Chestnut Street, 

Glazed and Fancy 
Papers, 

Card Board and Cut Cards, 

Paper Box Makers, 

Bookbinders' and Printers' 

Machinery. 


AlonzoBrown Geo. J. Brown 

College 

Preparatory 

School, 

Haseltine Building, 

1416-18 Chestnut St. 


Confections, 
Chocolate, 
Cocoanut, 

At 

Croft & Allen's, 

1226 Market Street, and 

33d and Market Streets. 





KEYSTONK NATIONAL, BANK. CKNTKAL, SAVINGS FUND. 

1326-1328 CHESTNUT STREET. 




BENEFICIAL, SAVING-FUND SOCIETY, 
S. W. CORNER TWELFTH AND CHESTNUT STREETS. 



Keystone 

National 

Bank. 



THE CITY HALL AND YICINITY. 23 

At the south-west corner of Chestnut and Juniper Streets, in 
pleasing contrast to the style of the Mint, is that striking specimen 
of modern Philadelphia architecture, the Keystone National Bank 
building, seven stories high, surmounted by a tower, with a Chestnut 
Street front thirty-two feet wide of rock-faced Indiana 
limestone, and a side-front on Juniper Street one hun- 
dred and thirteen feet in extent, built of red brick and 
terra-cotta with stone trimmings and projecting bal- 
conies of stone. Here is the home of the Keystone National Bank, 
and of the Central Savings Fund, Trust, and Safe Deposit Company. 
Elevators traverse the several stories, in which are some forty 
office rooms heated by steam and grate-fires and elegantly finished 
in natural w^oods. In this square also, extending from Juniper 
to Thirteenth Streets and from Market to Chestnut, is the won- 
derful Wanamaker Mercantile Establishment, with its fifty or more 
departments embracing almost all kinds of merchandise, and its 
average of 4500 employees and attendants. Opposite Wanamaker's, 
on Thirteenth Street above Chestnut, is the Roman 
Catholic Church of St. John the Evangelist, a rough-cast 
Gothic building with towers in front and beautifully 
decorated with stained glass windows and fresco paintings. It has a 
seating capacity of about 2000. 

On the north side of Chestnut Street, a short distance above 
Twelfth (No. 1211), stands the Chestnut Street Theatre, a brick struc- 
ture with a painted white front, gorgeous in appropriate 
decorations and capable of seating 1500. Above Chest- 
nut Street on Twelfth is one of the principal meeting- 
houses of the orthodox division of the Society of Friends, — the 
Twelfth Street Meeting, — and flanking it on the side towards Marl^et 
Street is the new and attractive building of the William Penn Charter 
School, founded by Penn in 1701. Establishments of unusual attrav3- 
tiveness grace the vicinity of Twelfth and Cliestnut Streets. On the 
south-west corner towers the edifice of tlie Beneficial Saving Fund 
Society, six stories in height, with granite-trimmed brick walls 
extending fifty feet on Chestnut Street by one hundred and forty- 
five on Twelfth, the Chestnut Street front having a massive base 
of granite extending to the toji of the first storj'. This Society was 
chartered in 1853 as a place of deposit for earnings and small savings, 
the deposits up to August 1, 1889, amounting in the aggregate to 
$4,567,850. The surplus over all liabilities, taking the assets at par. 



St. John's 
R.C.Church 



Chestnut St. 
Theatre. 



24 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



was $370,568, and at market value |612,8o0. Opposite the Saving 
Fund, at the south-east corner of Twelfth and Chestnut Streets, is 
the beautiful and in'iposing building of the S. S. White Dental Manu- 
facturing Company ; five lofty stories in height, with a Chestnut Street 

front of white marble forty-four feet in 
extent, and a depth of two hundred and 
forty feet on Twelfth Street. This con- 
cern, developed from its small beginning 
ate of its foundation), now 
gives employ- 



ment to about 
seven hundred 
men and w o- 
men, and here 
is produced that 
marvellous vari- 
ety of goods, in- 
eluding every 
re(iuisite for den- 
tal practice, for 
which it has a 
world-wide fame 
among the pro- 
fession. Con- 
nected with 
these head-quar- 
ters are branch houses in New York, Brooklyn, Boston, and Chicago, 
and it is said that the products of the concern are found in every 
civiUzed country in the world. On the south side of Chestnut Street, 
midway between Eleventh and Twelfth, (No. 1122) is the granite 
building of the American Sunday- School Union, erected 
in 1854, and ever since, as now, the head-quarters and 
central office of the "Union,"— having branches which 
ramify all over the world and missionary colporteurs who are con- 
stantlv extending its sphere of usefulness. In a late summary of its 
missionary work it is stated that during the year ending March 1, 
1889, there were 1756 Sunday-schools organized, 1816 aided, 8625 Bibles 
and 11,681 Testaments distributed, and 409,306 miles travelled by the 
missionaries. It is stated that since its organization the Sunday- 
School Union lias distributed about ^8,000,000 worth of literature, 




THE S. S. WHITE DENTAL MANUFACTORY. 



American 
S. S. Union. 




THE HASELTINE BUILDING AND ART GALLERIES. 



H. D. JustI, 

Dental 
Depot, 

1301 and 1303 Arch St., 
Philadelphia. 


Conrad Becker, 
Die-Sinker, 

Designer, and Engraver, 

731 Shoemaker 
Street. 


Convenient for Visitors. 

Drug Store, 

Broad Street Station, 
Penna. R. R. 

Harry C. Watt, 

Proprietor. 
Open all night. 


Chas. H. Reed, 

Engraver 

on 

Wood, 

524 Walnut Street. 


Charles J. Cohen 

Envelope 
Manufacturer 

and Importer of 

Fancy Goods, 
617 Market Street. 


The 

Evening 
Telegraph. 

Associated Press News. 

Special Telephonic 
Dispatches. 

European Correspondence. 


Craig & Brother, 
Florists, 

21 1-213 S. Eleventh St., 
Philadelphia. 

Green-Houses, 
Forty-ninth and Market Sts. 


Dorsey & Smith 
Hot-Air 

Furnaces, 

III North Seventh 
Street. 


Gillott's 
Pens. 

The 

Most Perfect 

of 

Pens. 


Weaver & Pennock 

Gas and Steam 

Fitters 

and 

Plumbers, 

S5 N. Seventh St. 

First-class work at fair prices. 


Goodwin Gas Stove 
and Meter Co., 

1012-1018 Filbert Street, 
Philadelphia. 

Gas Cooking and Heat- 
ing Stoves 

Of every size and variety. 

Hotel Gas Cooking Ranges 

a specialty. 


The 

Kitson 

Gas-light 

Improvement 

Co., 

1409 Chestnut St. 



Haseltine's 
Art Rooms. 



Christian 
Association 



THE CITY HALL AND VICINITY. 27 

that it maintains about 80 permanent missionaries, and has organized 
an av€rage of three Sunday-scliooLs per daj'- for the past sixty years. 

West Chestnut Street, in the vicinity of Broad, exhibits some fine 
specimens of architecture, among the most striliing of which is the 
Haseltine Building (Xos. 1416-18), seven stories high on 
Chestnut Street and eight on Sansom, the loft}" second 
story of which, extending from street to street, is de- 
voted to a series of art galleries, in which are arranged for exhibition 
and sale hundreds of works of art, principally paintings and stat- 
uary. The first floor is devoted to mercantile business and the upper 
stories are occupied as otfices and artists' studios. Flanking this 
building on the west is the building of the Baptist Board of Publica- 
tion, in which are the rooms of the Baptist Historical Society and 
the offices of several denominational papers. On Fifteenth Street, 
extending from Chestnut to Sansom, is the imposing building of 
the Young Men's Christian Association, built of stone, 
the ground floor occupied by stores and the upper 
stories devoted to the purposes of the Association. 
The much-admired Association Hall, of excellent acoustic prop- 
erties, is at the top of the first flight of stairs, on the left hand, 
and on the right are the assembly-room, reading-room, and parlor, 
additional flights of stairs leading to the library, the gymnasium, 
etc. On the south-west corner of Fifteenth and Chestnut Streets 
stands the Colonnade Hotel, one of the most comfortable and home- 
like of the hotels of Philadelphia, possessing among other attractions 
the unusual feature of having all its rooms lighted by incandescent 
electric lights. A few doors west of the Colonnade (No. 1510) is the 
office of The Presbyterian, — established in 1831, and now for more 
than half a century a prominent organ of the Presbyterian Church, 
and at lol2 is published the Presbyterian Journal, also a denomina- 
tional paper of the same faith. At 1510 is also the office of the United 
Service Magazine, which, as its name implies, finds its principal 
patrons among the military and naval professions ; and at 1512 are 
the rooms of the American Tract Society. Opposite the Colonnade, 
on the north-west corner of Chestnut and Fifteenth Streets stands 
the well-known Church of the Epiphany (Protestant Episcopal), 
erected in 1834, some of whose rectors in times past have been among 
the most prominent ministers of that denomination ; and on Six- 
teenth Street, just below Chestnut, is the Ninth Presbyterian Church, 
a plain, rough-cast building. 



Union 
League. 



THE CITY HALL AND VICINITY. 29 

At the south-west corner of Broad and Sansom Streets stands the 
house of the noted Union League of Philadelphia, which had its birth 
in the early years of the civil war and achieved a world- 
wide celebrity by its stanch support of the government 
in the crises of that period. Ten regiments of troops 
were enlisted under its auspices during the war ; hundreds of thou- 
sands of Union documents were printed and distributed, and vast 
sums of money were freely contributed by its members in aid of the 
Union cause. The present building, opened in 1865, but since much 
enlarged as the wants of the club demanded, is a typical club-house of 
the better sort, embracing a spacious parlor, smoking-room, library, 
reading-room, banquet-room, billiard-room, assembly-room, private 
dining-rooms, and restaurant, all superbly adorned with frescoed ceil- 
ings and numerous paintings and pieces of statuary — the building 
and fittings aggregating a value of over 3300,000. 

Just below, at the corner of Broad and Walnut Streets, stands the 
Bellevue Hotel, noted for the excellence of its cuisine, and near at 
hand, on Walnut Street (No. 1409), and extending to Moravian Street, 
is the house of the Manufacturers' Club, a striking specimen of modern 
architecture. Five stories in height (eighty-three feet 
to the cornice and one hundred feet to the tower finial), 
it reaches far above the adjoining buildings, while its 
front of stone, occupied principally by an extensive bay window of 
unique fashion, forms a curious contrast to the prevailing style of 
that section ; somewhat less attractive, though still striking, is the 
bow-shaped Moravian Street front of pressed brick, the windows of 
which overlook the Union League house and grounds. The several 
rooms and halls of the Manufacturers' Club, reception-room, caf^, 
library, reading- and assembly-room, parlor, private and club dining- 
rooms, card-room, etc., are elaborately finished in old oak, mahogany, 
and s^'camore, and handsomely furnished and decorated. In tlie full- 
est sense of the term the building may be said to be " replete witli all 
the modern conveniences." Under the Walnut Street pavement a coal- 
hopper receives and weighs, automatically, the coal ; in the engine- 
room, with its walls of glazed buff tiles, a noiseless Porter-Allen engine, 
of seventy-five horse-power, operates a dynamo which has a capacity 
of six hundred and fifty incandescent electric lamps, and here also is 
a pump for supplying a fifteen-hundred-gallon w^ater-tank on the roof, 
whence the entire building is supplied with water. A thermostat, 
also located here, — a most ingenious contrivance, — regulates the tern- 



Manufac- 
turers' Club 



30 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



perature of the entire building, automatically opening and elosin ^ 
the ventilators in each room as the mercury rises and falls in the 
respective thermometers. A large fan, five feet in diameter, draw 
fresh air from the roof to the heaters in the cellar, whence, heateo 
it ascends through pipes to the various rooms to be exhausted by an- 
other like fan operating in an air-chamber on the roof, — a combina- 
tion which, even when the doors and windows are closed, changes 
the air of the entire building every twenty minutes. A sub-cellar, 
twenty feet square, is arranged for the storage of wine ; lavatories, 
finished in marble and tile, with the exposed metal work in nickel or 
silver, are located on each floor ; the dining-rooms (club and private) 
are located on the fourth floor, and on the fifth is the kitchen, perfect 
in its appointments of china- and silver-closets, cooking-ranges, and 
all culinary conveniences. The building was erected under the super- 
vision of Messrs. Hazlehurst & Huckel, architects, and the cost of the 
house and ground was about $250,000. 





CATHEDRAL, EIGHTEENTH AND KACE STREETS. 



Academy 
of Music. 



TI. 

Broad and Locust Streets and Vicinity. 

The vicinity of Broad and Locust Streets, famous as the site of 
numerous institutions of note, is easily reached by street-cars from 
almost all sections of the city ; from the extreme northern and south- 
ern parts by the cars of the Thirteenth and Fifteenth Streets line, 
from the east by the cars up Walnut or Pine Street, from Fairmount 
or the south-west (Gray's Ferry) by the Spruce and Pine Streets line, 
and from West Philadelphia by the various lines that converge and 
run eastward on Chestnut or Market Street. Situated at the soutli- 
west corner of Broad and Locust Streets is the American Academy of 
Music, erected in 1856 and lield to be intrinsically the finest music- 
hall in America. It is capable of seating two thousand 
nine hundred persons, and has a stage ninety feet wide 
by seventy-two and one-half feet deep, affording abun- 
dant room for the production of operatic and dramatic representations. 
Its superior acoustic properties make it a favorite both witli actors and 
audiences, and here the brightest stars of the stage are wont to delight 
assemblies which, in point of numbers, culture, and fashion, compare 
favorably with lil^e gatherings in any other part of the world. A 
few doors above the Academy (No. 220 South Broad Street) is the 
beautiful building of the Art Club of Philadelphia, of Pompeiian briclv 
and elaborately carved Indiana lime-stone, having a main front on 
Broad Street of sixty-four feet, with an overhanging 
loggia of stone, and a side-front on Brighton Street of 
one hundred and sixteen feet, and claimed to be the 
only specimen of pure renaissance architecture in Philadelpliia. A 
picture-gallery, forty by sixty-four. feet, devoted to the exhibition of 
paintings, with a beautifully decorated mantel of English red-stone 
and wood-work of cherry, is located upon the second floor, besides 
which the building contains a smaller exhibition gallery for water- 
colors and minor works of art, a caf6 and restaurant, a reception- 
room and parlors common to all the members of tlie club, and private 
rooms for the use of individual members, A public entrance from 
Brighton Street leads to the picture-galleries, affording an opportunity 

33 



Philadelphia 
Art Club. 



Am: 




Hastings & Co. 

Diamond 
Brand 

Gold Leaf, 

819-S21 Filbert St. 


Geo. S. Kennedy. Wm. H.Curtis. 

Kennedy & Curtis, 

Late with Jos.C. Grubb & Co. 

708 Market St., 
Guns, Rifles, Pistols, 

Material, Ammunition, 
and Sporting Goods. 


Henry T. Mason 

Glue, 

Curled Hair, 

Neat's-Foot Oil, 

Twines, etc., 

706 Market Street, 
Philadelphia. 


p. C. Conner & Son, 

Decorative 

Glass, 

Cut, Ground, Embossed, 

Stained, and Beveled Glass, 

for Railroad Cars, 

Churches, Vestibules, etc. 

Factory, 629 Filbert St., 
Philadelphia. 


Jno. A. Haddock, 

Manager 
Reed Sign Works, 

Fine Glass Signs 

729 Filbert Sti-eet, 
Philadelphia. 

Estimates Furnished. 
Moderate Prices. 

Superior Work. 


FINE 
GROCERIES. 

FiNLEY Acker & Co., 

123 N. EIGHTH ST., 

ABOVE ARCH. 

ACKER'S SELECTED 

PURE TEAS AND COFFEES 

A SPECIALTY. 


Charles J. Field, 

Hardware 

and 

Tools, 

Contractors' Supplies, 

633 Market St. and 
624 Commerce St. 


Ask for 

Haines's 
Interest Tables, 

Published by 

George L. McGill, 

Box 1 102. Philadelphia. 


Boericke &Tafel 

Homoeopathic 

Pharmacists and 

Publishers,' 

ion Arch St. 

1035 Walnut St. 

Business established in 1835. 


'' Hammond" 

Type- 
Wnter, 

116 South Sixth St., 

Next to Ledger Building. 


Jas. S.Wilson & Son, 

House 

and 

Sign 

Painters, 

730 Filbert Street. 


Sullender, 

Gentlemen's 

Hats, Caps, and 

Straw Goods, 

8 South Sixth St., 
Philadelphia. 



Horticul- 
tural Hall. 



BROAD AND LOCUST STREETS AND VICINITY. 37 

for their use for musical or other entertainments. The architect of the 
building is Mr. F. Miles Day. Next to the Art Club's building, at the 
south-west corner of Broad and Walnut Streets, stands the Stratford 
Hotel (lately the St. George), whose imposing front presents a very 
pleasing appearance, and on the opposite side of Broad Street (No. 219) 
is the noted Natatorium and Physical Institute, a famous swimming- 
school and gymnasium. A square west of the Academy of Music, on 
Locust Street above Fifteenth, is Calvary Church (Presbyterian), a 
Gothic structure of brown-stone with two steeples one hundred and 
thirty-five feet high, and a fine two-story chapel and Sunday-school 
building, also of brown-stone, on the opposite side of the street. 
Next to the Academy, on the south, is Horticultural Hall, the chosen 
home of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, a ven- 
erable institution and, like so many other Philadelphia 
enterprises, the first of its kind in the country', having 
been established in 1827. Adjoining Horticultural Hall, on the corner 
of Spruce Street, is the handsome Beth- Eden Baptist Church, of green 
stone, whose somewhat elaborate style of architecture affords a pleas- 
ing contrast to the prevailing styles in that section of the city. A 
square below, at Broad and Pine Streets, is the Pennsylvania Institu- 
tion for the Deaf and Dumb, which occupies tlie plot of 
ground extending from Broad to Fifteenth Street, and 
from Pine to Asylum, and, with its oral branch at 317 
South Eleventh Street, affords accommodations and in- 
struction for about four hundred and thirty pupils. Opposite this 
institution, on the east side of Broad Street, is the Wylie Memorial 
Church (Presbyterian), erected in 1854 and so called in commemora- 
tion of the Rev. Dr. Samuel B. Wylie, who was pastor of this con- 
gregation from 1803 until his death in 1852, and was succeeded by his 
son, the Rev. Theodore W. J. Wylie. On Thirteenth Street, below 
Spruce, stands St. Luke's Protestant Episcopal Church, with a Corin- 
thian portico, and opposite is the Union Presbyterian Church. On 
the east side of Broad Street, above Spruce, is the popular South 
Broad Street Theatre, where, of late years, have been exhibited many 
of the most attractive dramatic performances with which Philadel- 
phia has been favored. A square distant, at 1324 Locust Street, is the 
Episcopal Academy (the "Academy of the Protestant Episcopal Church 
in the City of Philadelphia"), one of the leading preparatory schools 
of the city, founded in 1785 and chartered by the Legislature of the 
Commonwealth in 1787. Opposite the Episcopal Academy, at the 



Deaf and 

Dumb 
Institution. 



38 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Philadelphia 
Library. 



north-west corner of Locust and Juniper Streets, stands the main 
building of the Philadelphia Library Company, which 
was founded in 1731 by Benjamin Franklin and his 
associates of the "Junto" Club. This— the first sub- 
scription library established in America^ was originally located near 
Second and Market Streets, afterwards received temporary quarters 
in the State House and Carpenters' Hall, until, eventually, in 1789, a 
building was erected for it on Fifth Street below Chestnut, on a lot 
now covered by the Drexel Building. Here it remained until 1880, 
when it removed to its present site into a commodious building, which 
.'has been rendered still more spacious by an extensive addition, for 
which it is indebted to a donation of |50,000 from Henry C. Lea, Esq. 
A branch of this institution, known as " The Ridgway Branch of the 
Philadelphia Library," is located at Broad and Christian Streets. As 
now conducted, the Philadelphia Library is declared by the directors 
to be practically a free library^ — any person though a non-member 
being entitled, when within its walls, to all the privileges-of the 
members themselves, and being allowed under certain regulations to 
take books to his home on the payment of a trifling charge. The 
number of volumes in the library in 1889 was one hundred and fifty- 
four thousand nine hundred and eighteen. 

In this immediate vicinity, at the south-west corner of Thirteenth 
and Locust Streets, are the fine apartments of the His- 
torical Society of Pennsylvania, formerly the mansion 
of the late General Patterson, and after his death ac- 
quired by the Society and improved for its present pur- 
poses by the erection of an assembly-hall for meetings and the con- 
struction of fire-proof rooms for the more valuable treasures of the 
Society ; the whole outlay aggregating about $100,000. The Society 
was founded in 1824 ; the new hall was inaugurated in 1884. 

At the north-east corner of Thirteenth and Locust Streets is the 
College of Physicians of Philadelphia, a medical association incorpo- 
rated in 1780, its object being "to advance the science of medicine." 
Many of the foremost physicians of Philadelphia are included among 
its members. There is a lectureship (Mutter) supported by it, and at 
its monthly meetings addresses are delivered and papers read. From 
time to time volumes of Transactions are published. A very large 
and valuable medical library— open for use daily except Sundays and 
holidays— and an important museum of anatomical and pathological 
specimens are among the possessions of the college. Practitioners of 



Pennsylvania 

Historical 

Society. 




BOYCE BKOTHEBS' BUILDING, S. E. COB. THIRTEENTH AND WALNUT STREETS. 



Philadelphia 
Club. 



BROAD AND LOCUST STREETS AND VICINITY. 41 

five years' standing are eligible for election to membership, and non- 
members, when introduced by Fellows, receive a cordial welcome to 
the rooms of the college. A stone's throw distant, at the north-west 
corner of Thirteenth and Walnut Streets, stands the plain building of 
the old Philadelphia Club, probably the oldest and most 
exclusive social organization of the kind in the city, 
having been formed more than half a century ago, and 
reckoning among its members many of the first citizens of Philadel- 
phia. No persons residing in Philadelphia, except members, are 
allowed to visit the club, and no non-resident visitors are admitted 
except upon introduction by a member. Opposite this club, at the 
south-west corner of Walnut and Thirteenth Streets, the store of 
Boyce Brothers (grocers) offers unusual attractions to those whose cul- 
tivated tastes have taught them to appreciate whatever is best in the 
dietary way, whether as luxurious edibles for the table of the gour- 
met or the plainer substantials for those to whom purity of food and 
drink is of the llrst importance. Here are found in abundance for- 
eign and domestic products of the best quality, embracing rare wines, 
choice cigars, and all manner of table niceties and luxuries, for some of 
which this concern holds the special agency. A few doors to the west- 
ward, on the opposite side of Walnut Street (No. 1316) 
is the handsome new building of the University Club, 
an association of some three hundred and fifty members, 
mostly professional gentlemen, and all college graduates. The build- 
ing, designed by Mr. Wilson Eyre, is of a Spanish-Moorish style of 
architecture, lately coming much into vogue. A short distance down 
Walnut Street (at the corner of Twelfth Street) is the Tenth Presby- 
terian Church, for many years a leading church of that denomination 
and the parent of prosperous religious colonies in different sections of 
the city, and a few doors below Walnut Street on Twelfth (No. 211 
South Twelfth) is the Philopatrian Hall, the home of the American 
Catholic Historical Society, and head-quarters of the Philopatrian Lit- 
erary Institute, an organization held in high repute by the Catholic 
denomination. 



University 
Club. 



United 

States 

Post-Office. 



III. 

The Post-Office and Vicinity. 

Five squares east of the City Hall ("Public Buildings"), and 
fronting on Chestnut, Ninth, and Market Streets, stands the new- 
United States government building, popularly known 
as the Post-Office, but in reality containing within its 
massive walls, besides perhaps the best appointed post- 
office in the country, the United States Court- Rooms 
and branch offices of the Coast Survey, the Geological Survey, the 
Light-House Board, the Secret Service, the Signal Service, and the 
offices of various officials of the Federal government. The building 
is of granite, four lofty stories in height, with a dome reaching 
one hundred and seventy feet above the level of the street, and has 
fronts of four hundred and eighty-four feet on Ninth Street and one 
hundred and seventy-five feet on Chestnut and ^Market Streets. The 
entrances to the public corridor are on the Ninth Street front, and 
the several departments of the post-office business are conveniently 
arranged on the first floor, extending from Chestnut to Market 
Streets, besides which, on this floor, the Western Union Telegraph 
Company has an office. Near each end of this corridor spacious 
stairw^ays and hydraulic elevators lead to the upper stories. Ground 
was broken for the erection of this structure October 11, 1873, and the 
business of the post-office was first transacted within its walls March 
24, 1884. Including the site, which cost the Government $1,491,200, 
about $8,000,000 were expended in its erection. Adjoining the post- 
office on Chestnut Street, and furnishing a striking architectural 
finish to that edifice, is the massive granite office of the Philadelphia 
Record, six stories in height, surmounted by a tower which rises to 
an altitude of one hundred and thirty-seven feet from the street pave- 
ment. Here are printed daily an average of over one hundred thou- 
sand copies of the Record^ — including a Sunday edition, the special 
features of which — its marvel of condensation, convenient size, and 
careful editing — render it a general favorite with the public. 

Next to the Record Office stands the new building of the Penn 
Mutual Life Insurance Company (Nos. 921-925 Chestnut Street), 

43 




RECORD BUILDING, 017-919 CHESTNUT STREET. 



City Trust 

and 

Safe Deposit 

Company. 



THE POST-OFFICE AND VICINITY. 45 

erected under the architectural supervision of Mr. Theophikis P. 
Chandler, with a white marble front, rock-faced and tooled, seventy- 
seven feet wide, eight stories (one hundred and thirty-five feet) high, 
and having a depth of two hundred and sixteen feet, and a tower 
reaching two hundred and five feet above the street. The rear por- 
tion of the building, with its front on Chant Street of pressed brick 
trimmed with brown-stone, is four stories high, and contains the 
offices and other apartments of the Penn Company. The ground 
floor of the Chestnut Street front is designed for commercial purposes. 
The curious architecture of the City Trust, Safe Deposit, and Surety 
Company of Philadelphia, at 927 Chestnut Street, with its massive 
front of dark marble and Indiana limestone, and its 
fire-]Droof interior, illustrative of the solidity w^iich its 
paid up capital of $500,000 warrants the public in cred- 
iting it with, cannot fail to attract the attention of the 
l)asser-by. Here, besides the offices of the several de- 
partments of the Trust Company, embracing the receipt of interest- 
bearing deposits, the administering of estates, the suretyship ofthose 
acting in fiduciary capacities, the rental of safes in its fire- and bur- 
Edison Elec- 8'l^^"P^'^of vaults, etc., is the main office of the Edison 
trie L" ht Electric Light Company of Philadelphia, from whose 
Comoanv central station, with its ponderous inachinery a square 
away (908 Sansom Street), thousands of the beautiful 
incandescent electric lamps with which our city abounds are fur- 
nished with lighting power. Adjoining the City Trust (No. 929) is 
the new office of the venerable Philadelphia Inquirer, established in 
1829 by Mr. Jesj)er Harding, and for threescore years carried on by 
himself and members of his family. 

On the north-west corner of Chestnut and Tenth Streets stands 
the magnificent granite building of the Mutual Life Insurance Com- 
pany of New York, one of the handsomest structures 
in the city, a fit representative of the enterprise of the 
great and wealthy corporation that erected it, and 
whose Philadelphia offices are located within its walls. 
Here, under the superintendency of Mr. William H. Lambert, is 
transacted the enormous Pennsylvania business of the Company, 
which, during the year 1888, amounted to $5,944,480 in insurances 
effected, $1,730,927 in premiums received, and $1,202,626 in claims 
paid. The aggregate amount of out-standing insurances, in Penn- 
sylvania, at the close of the same year was $51,458,002. 



Mutual Life 

of 
New York. 




MUTUAL, LIFE INSURANCE BUILDING, N. W. COR. TENTH AND CHESTNUT STREETS. 




CITY TRUST, SAFJi] DEPOSIT, ANU SECURITY COMPAMV, 
927 CHESTNUT STREET. 




PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, 921 CHESTNUT STREET. 



Jefferson 
Medical 
College. 



Lincoln 
Institution. 



THE POST-OFFICE AND VICINITY. ^ . 49 

A half-square south of Chestnut Street, at Tenth and Sansom, is 
the well-known Jefferson Medical College, one of the most cele- 
brated medical schools in the country, connected with 
which and fronting on Sansom Street (No. 1020,) is the 
Jefferson Medical College Hospital, one hundred and 
seven feet square, five stories in height, and designed 
for the accommodation of one hundred and twenty-five patients. 
Near here, at the south-west corner of Tenth and Walnut Streets, the 
new edifice of the Western Saving Fund Society, of massive rock- 
finished walls, — erected at a cost of $160,000, — stands out in bold relief 
amid the surrounding buildings. On Tenth Street below Spruce, at 
the corner of Tenth and Clinton Streets, is the Clinton Street Imman- 
uel Church (Presbyterian), nearly abreast of which, on Eleventh 
Street (No. 323), is the Lincoln Institution, organized in 1866 as a 
school for soldiers' orphans and in 1883 transformed 
into a school for Indian girls, of whom there are about 
one hundred in attendance. On the opposite side of 
Eleventh Street, at the corner of Clinton, is the Oral Branch of the 
Institution for the Deaf and Dumb. 

Those who are interested in fine art publications of the orna- 
mental sort, particularly etchings, engravings, and water-colors, will 
be gratified by a A^sit to Lindsay's Art Store, at the south-east corner 
of Walnut and Eleventh Streets, where a specialty is made of the 
publication of fine plates and the collection and importation of fine- 
art books, rare prints and etchings, and plates in water-colors. A 
measurably kindred concern, whose pursuits are in the line of aji- 
plied art, is the firm of Loughead & Co., at No. 1016 Walnut Street, 
art stationers, engravers, and importers, whose specialties in the in- 
dustrial-art way is the execution of dinner, lunch, and German 
favors, menu and diimer cards, and the furnishing of artistic card- 
cases, pocket-books, writing-tablets, folios, etc. 

Between Tenth and Eleventh Streets, on the north side of Chest- 
nut (No. 1023), stands the Chestnut Street Opera-House, and on Elev- 
enth Street above Chestnut is the opera-house of the ever popular 
Carncross's Minstrels, where they annually delight the thousands, 
young and old, who seek recreation at their entertainments. At the 
corner of Eleventh and Market Streets is the well-known Bingham 
House (hotel), and above, on the south side of Market Street, mammoth 
mercantile houses (mostly wholesale) belonging to the Girard Estate 
occupy the square from Eleventh to Twelfth Street. On the north 



Mercantile 
Library. 



50 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

side of Market Street above Eleventh are lofty business houses of 
varied and peculiar styles of architecture, among which the new 
building of the Market Street National Bank (No. 1107) is conspicuous. 
On the east side of Tenth Street, above Chestnut, stands Dooner's 
Hotel, a popular house of entertainment conducted on the European 
plan, and next to Dooner's is St. Stephen's Protestant Episcopal 
Church, with its highly-finished interior, and celebrated for its supe- 
rior chime of bells. A beautiful monument of unique design, erected 
by the late Edward Shippen Burd, a prominent member of the 
church, in memory of the members of his family, adds a striking 
feature to the attractions of St. Stephen's. Opposite, on the west side 
of Tenth Street, is the Mercantile Library, whose doors are open day 
and evening, and to whose immense collection, aggre- 
gating over 161,000 volumes and 500 periodicals (of 
which 130 are foreign), all comers have access under 
certain specified regulations. A solid block of mercantile houses 
occupies the south side of Chestnut Street between Ninth and Tenth 
Streets, and at the north-east and south-east corners of Chestnut and 
Ninth Streets stand respectively the Girard House and the Continental 
Hotel, both leading hotels of Philadelphia. A square south, at Ninth 
and Walnut Streets, is the Walnut Street Theatre, occupying a site 
that, as far back as four-score years ago, was first dedicated to the 
purpose of public amusement, a circus being established there in 1809. 
Above Ninth Street on Walnut (No. 917) is the Irving House, a repu- 
table family hotel, and on Ninth Street below Walnut (No. 248) is 
the Peabody Hotel, of modest jDretensions. Midway between Ninth 
and Eighth Streets, on the south side of Walnut (Nos. 818-820) is 
Zeisse's Hotel, an excellent hostelry of German characteristics, but 
much patronized by both Americans and foreigners. Next to this 
hotel (No. 816 Walnut Street) is the office of the Sunday Dispatch, 
and opposite, on the north side of Walnut Street (No. 819), is pub- 
lished Taggart's Sunday Times, one of the oldest and best known of 
Philadelphia's Sunday papers. Nearer Eighth Street (No. 811) is 
the Central Theatre, a variety establishment. Eighth Street from 
Walnut Street to Chestnut offers few attractions. At the south-west 
corner of the latter street and Eighth the stately building of the 
Philadelphia Times attracts attention by its striking 
style of architecture. Including its Mansard roof it is 
five stories in height, — surmounted by a clock-tower, — 
its principal offices being elegantly finished in hard woods, in a style 



Philadelphia 
Times. 




EDISON ELECTRIC LIGHT COMPANY, 904-910 SANSOM STREET. 




S. ZEISSE'S 

HOTEL 

AND 

RESTAURANT, 

EUROPEAN 
PLAN, 

8 1 8, 820, and 822 

WALNUT ST., 
PHILADELPHIA. 

W. ZEISSE . . . Proprietor. 



CENTRAL THEATRE, 

Walnut Street, above Eighth. 



W. J. GILMORE Proprietor. 



The Leading Vaudeville Theatre of the United States. 

PRESENTING 

ENTERTAINMENTS OF THE HIGHEST 

AND MOST REFINED TYPE. 

Catering to the finest patronage. The best recognized attractions only under 

engagements. 

POPULAR PRICES ALWAYS PREVAIL. 

15 cents. 25 cents. 50 cents. 75 cents. ;^i.oo. 

Performances held nightly. Matinees Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays. 



THE POST-OFFICE AND VICINITY. 



53 



scarcely surpassed by any like offices in the country. Above Eighth 
Street, on the south side of Chestnut, the well-linown Earle's Picture 
Galleries offer special attractions to visitors, to whom a cordial wel- 
come is always extended. On the north-west corner of Chestnut 
and Eighth Streets stands the mammoth dry goods house of Sharp- 
less Brothers, opposite which is the neatly fitted up house of enter- 
ment known as Green's Hotel and Restaurant. 

Northward from Chestnut Street, on Eighth, extend busy blocks 
of stores devoted principally to the retail trade, while on Market 
Street, in the vicinity of the Post-OfRce, are found some of the most 
extensive wholesale and retail houses in the city in their special lines. 
The establishment of Granville B. Haines & Co., at tlie corner of Ninth 
and Market Streets, and the house of Strawbridge & Clothier, at Eighth 
and Market, are striking examiDles of retail dry goods liouses of mag- 
nitude. Next to the former (at 816-826 Market Street) the massive 
twin stores of Wood, Brown & Co. (wholesale dry goods), and Young, 
Smyth, Field & Co. (wholesale white goods, notions, etc.), eight stories 
high, are attractive specimens of modern Philadelphia architecture. 

On the north side of Market Street, midway between Seventh and 
Eighth Streets (Nos. 715-717) is the well-known book establishment of 
J. B. Lippincott Company, with a marble front of forty feet and more 




on Market Street, and a height of five stories. From this concern go 
forth, from time to time, such important works as Chambers's Ency- 
clopaedia, in ten volumes, the reputation of which a2:>pears to justify its 



54 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



claim as "A Dictionary of Universal Knowledge;" Allibone's Dic- 
tionary of Authors, hitherto in three royal octavo volumes, and now 
about to be supplemented by a 
fourth, issued under the editor- 
ship of John Foster Kirk, LL.D. ; 
Lippincott's Pronouncing Bio- 
graphical Dictionary and Pro- 
nouncing Gazetteer of the World, 
both ponderous tomes of over 
twenty-five hundred pages each, 
bearing the scholarly impress of 
Dr. Joseph Thomas, their chief 
editor ; Worcester's Series of Dic- 
tionaries, now for some time owned by this concern ; Prescott's 
Historical Works, edited by Dr. Kirk, besides a host of other books 
of minor importance. Embraced within these premises, besides the 
book and stationery salesrooms, are a mammoth bindery and printing 
office, at the rear (the Filbert Street front), six stories in height and 
seventy-five by one hundred and fifty feet in extent. The entire 
depth of the building is three hundred and sixty-five feet. An aggre- 






gate of about one hundred and twenty-five thousand square feet of 
floor surface is occupied by the various departments of this concern, 
and here, besides the vast stock of books, stationery, and fancy goods 
(foreign and domestic), with which the place abounds, may be seen, 
carried on in the completest manner, the successive steps in the pro- 



THE POST-OFFICE AND VICINITY. 



55 



cess of book-making from the beginning to the fiaish. In the 
printing-office and bindery are shown, by ocular demonstration, the 
meaning of the terms composition^ ijress-worJc, folding^ gathering^ 
sewing^ forwarding^ marhling^ casing^ finishing, etc., which designate 
the several processes (each the work of a different artisan) through 
which a volume passes in its course from tlie writer's pen to the hand 
of the reader. An extensive collection of power-presses, of the most 




J, B, LIPPINCOTT COMPANY'S BINDERY AND PRINTING-OFFICE. 

ajiproved patterns, for book and job printing, supplemented by many 
curious labor-saving contrivances, such as book-folding and book- 
sewing machines, are here conveniently arranged in the several 
rooms, the tout ensemble constituting one of the most complete book- 
manufacturing plants in the world. The capital stock of this house 
is $1,000,000. 




INDEPENDENCE HALL. 



IV. 

Independence Hall and Vicinity. 

Eight squares east of the new City Hall, on Chestnut Street be- 
tween Fifth and Sixth Streets, stands the most famous of the old- 
time buildings of Philadelphia, the State House of colonial times, but 
since the Revolutionary War known as Independence Hall. Though 
built (1729-1735) by the Province of Pennsylvania for State purposes, 
the edifice is most intimately associated in the American mind with 
the year 1776 and the occurrences connected with the establishment 
of the United States government. Here in the principal hall — the 
east room on the first floor — was convened the Second Continental 
Congress, by whom it was resolved "That these united colonies are, 
and ought to be, free and independent States : and that all political 
connection between us and the State of Great Britain is, and ought 
to be, totally dissolved." In the same Hall also, in secret session, on 
July 4 of the same year (1776) Congress adopted the immortal Dec- 
laration of Independence, which on the 8th was publicly read to the 
assembled citizens in the State House yard, now known as Independ- 
ence Square. 

Flanking Independence Hall on either hand and connected with 
it by a series of public offices (the whole known as "State House 
Row") are the old City Hall, at Fifth and Chestnut Streets, — long 
occupied as offices by the mayor and other city officials, — and the old 
Congress Hall, at Sixth and Chestnut Streets, which in the early days 
of the Republic was occupied by the diflTerent departments of the 
Federal government. Here in the room of the House of Representa- 
tives, in the latter building, Washington, in 1793, was inaugurated 
president for the second time, and here John Adams, four years later, 
assumed the duties of the same office. 

Adjoining the old City Hall, on Fifth Street below Chestnut, is 
the building of the American Philosophical Society, an outgrowth of 
the "Junto" Club, established by Dr. Franklin and 
others in 1743. This building, erected in 1787 upon 
ground donated to the Society by the Commonwealth, 
is occupied in part, under lease to the city, by some of the city courts, 

59 



Philosoph- 
ical Society. 



Drexel 
Building. 



60 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

the upper rooras being reserved for the use of the Society and con- 
taining its hbrary of some 60,000 books and pamphlets, and many 
other treasures. The presidents of the association during the first 
century and a quarter of its existence were Benjamin Franklin, David 
Rittenhouse, Thomas Jefferson, Caspar Wistar, Robert Patterson, 
William Tilghman, Peter Stephen Duponceau, Robert M. Patterson, 
Nathaniel Chapman, Franklin Bache, Alexander Dallas Bache, John 
K. Kane, George B. Wood, and Frederick Fraley ; and among its 
vice-presidents, secretaries, curators, treasurers, and councilors are 
numbered many of the most distinguished citizens of Philadelphia. 
Nominations for membership are decided by ballot at the stated meet- 
ings of the Society, and visitors introduced by members are welcomed 
to the rooms. 

Quite without a rival among the business houses of the city, and 
equalled perhaps alone in point of magnificence by the new City Hall, 
the splendid Drexel Building, at Chestnut and Fifth 
Streets, towers high above all neighboring structures — a 
conspicuous object for miles around and affording from 
its roof a fine view of the city and surrounding country. Commenced 
in 1885, its germ was the new banking-house of Drexel & Co., erected 
in that year at the corner of Fifth and Chestnut Streets— itself an 
edifice that had few equals of its kind in the country. The completed 
structure, finished in 1888, extends over two hundred and twenty feet 
on Fifth Street by one hundred and forty-two feet on Chestnut Street 
(less the frontage of twenty-seven feet of the Independence National 
Bank), and covers a ground area of about thirty thousand square feet. 
Ten stories in height, the building rises one hundred and thirty-five 
feet above the street and contains over four hundred rooms, mostly 
occupied as offices by leading bankers and brokers, by corporations, 
lawyers, etc. The external walls of the building are faced with white 
marble, the body of the walls being of hard brick laid in Portland 
cement. Here on the first floor of the Chestnut Street front, at the 
corner of Custom House Place, is the Tradesmen's National Bank, over 
which, on the second floor, is the Board Room of the Philadelphia 
Stock Exchange, and above is the room of the Philadelphia Board of 
Trade. In the construction of this mammoth building there were 
used to cover the exterior surfaces seventy-one thousand square feet 
of marble and granite, eleven thousand square feet of white enam- 
elled brick, and thirty-six thousand square feet of windows and doors. 
The floor surface, exclusive of cellar and attic, is one hundred and 



Pennsylvania 

Life & Trust 

Company. 



62 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

eighty-four thousand seven hundred and eighty-one square feet. 
Four elevators near the centre of the building give swift access to the 
various stories, and broad stairways extend from the basement to 
the tenth floor. Nestled between the wings of the Drexel Building, 
at 430 Chestnut Street, its highly ornate front contrasting forcibly 
with its immediate surroundings, stands the Independence National 
Bank. 

Midway between Fifth and Sixth Streets, on the north side of 
Chestnut and fronting Independence Hall, is the new building of 
the Pennsylvania Company for Insurances on Lives and 
Granting Annuities, a thoroughly fire-proof structure 
extending from Chestnut to Minor Streets, a distance 
of two hundred and fifty-seven feet by eighty-one feet 
in width and one hundred feet high. Built in the Romanesque style 
of architecture, with an elaborately constructed granite front of mas- 
sive proportions, this edifice presents a striking contrast to the build- 
ings with which it is surrounded. The banking-room is one hundred 
and thirty-three feet long, seventy-seven feet wide, and fifty-two feet 
high, is said to be the largest banking-room in the world, with per- 
haps a single exception, and is a fitting home for an institution with 
a capital of two million dollars and assets valued at over ten millions 
and a half. Organized in 1809, its prosperous career of more than 
three-quarters of a century has placed it in the very front rank of the 
institutions of the kind in the country, and vast interests, — largely 
trusts and estates,— are confided to its care. 

At the north-east corner of Chestnut and Sixth Streets are offices 
of the Reading and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroads, and at No. 
622 Chestnut is an office of the United States and Baltimore and Ohio 
Expresses, The jewelry store of George Eakins & Son, No. 616 Chest- 
nut Street, presents an attractive collection of general novelties, em- 
bracing unique designs in jewelry, curios, and oddities from all 
parts of the world. The office of the Board of Health is at the south- 
west corner of Sixth and Sansom Streets, and a short distance west of 
the latter (Nos. 606-614 Sansom Street) are the type and electrotype 
foundries and warerooms of the MacKellar, Smiths & Jordan Company, 
a house which, through an unbroken line of predecessors, dates its 
beginning in die closing decade of the last century, and which during 
its hundred years of active life has probably dispensed to its patrons 
more material for use in "The art preservative of all art'' than any 
other kindred concern in the country. Its officers are, President, 



INDEPENDENCE HALL AND VICINITY. 68 

Thomas MacKellar ; Vice-President, Bichard Smith ; Treasurer, John 

F. Smith ; Secretary, WiUiam B. MacKellar ; Assistant Secretary, 

G. Frederick Jordan. At 607 Cliestniit Street are the publication 
office and editorial rooms of the Evening Bulletin, now nearing 
the close of the first half-century of its existence, and nearly oppo- 
site (Nos. 612-614) is the publishing house of the German Democrat, 
established in 1838. Adjoining the latter (TSTos. 608-610) is the hand- 
some new building of the Land Title and Trust Company, and at 
the corner of Chestnut and Sixth Streets is the commanding edi- 
fice which constitutes the home of Phihidelphia's prosperous daily 
newspaper, the Public Ledger, which, under the management of Mr. 
George W. Childs, its present proprietor, has become the exemplar of 
thorough moral cleanliness, coupled with the completest material 
success. On the south-west and north-west corners of Chestnut and 
Seventh Streets are the offices, respectively, of the Press and the North 
American newspapers, and at 703 Chestnut Street the Sunday Tran- 
script is published. A few doors above (No. 711) is the well-known 
W^ashington Hotel, which fwo-score years ago was among the most 
popular hotels in the city. Next to this hotel, on the site of the old 
Masonic Temple, has been erected, under the supervision of Architec^t 
Willis J. Hale, a massive and attractive stone block of banking-houses 
having the external appearance of a central building and two wings, 
but really consisting of three separate properties with a combined 
frontage of one hundred and ten feet and a depth of one hundred 
and seventy feet to Jayne Street. Here in the centre building (Nos. 
715-717) is the new home of the Union Trust Company, a<ljoining 
which, on the west, is the Chestnut Street National Bank, the apart- 
ments of both being fitted up with great elegance. 

The square on Seventh Street above Chestnut is devoted largely to 
the newspaper business ; the Evening Star at No. 30 South Seventh, 
the Item at No. 28, and the Evening Call at No. 26, forming a News- 
paper Row on the west side of the street, while on the opposite side 
are found the offices of the Evening Herald and Sunday Mercury at 
No. 21, the Volks-blatt (German) at No. 23, and the News at No. 29. 
In the same square, at No. 15, is the Franklin Institute, an organiza- 
tion which was established in 1824 for the promotion of 
the mechanic arts, and to which the public has since 
been indebted for much gratuitous instruction in prac- 
tical science imparted by members and others through tlie medium 
of lectures and papers. The building is a plain marble edifice con- 



Franklin 
Institute. 




THE LAND TITLE AND TRUST COMPANY, 
608 CHESTNUT STKEET. 



Master 

Builders' 

Exchange. 



INDEPENDENCE HALL AND TICINITY. 65 

taining a valuable scientific library of 40,000 volumes and 20,000 
pamphlets, and a lecture-room. A periodical is published called the 
Journal of the Franklin Institute. The membersliip of the Institute 
is about 2500. Opposite the Franklin Institute (Nos. 18-24 South 
Seventh Street) are the premises formerly occupied by the Gas-Office 
and the German Society, but now owned and occupied by the Master 
Builders' Exchange, an organization composed of many 
of the leading builders and others connected with the 
building trades. Here on the second floor front is the 
Exchange Room, elegantly fitted up, where members 
meet and transact business connected with their calling, and on the 
first floor is an Exhibition Department, open free to the public, and 
wherein is displayed a fine exhibit of goods, materials, and devices 
used in the construction of buildings. In the basement is conducted 
a Mechanical Trade School, devoted to the training of youth prepar- 
atory to apprenticeship in the various building trades. On the rear 
portion of the premises has been erected a fine four-story fire-proof 
building, the second, third, and fourth floors of which are fitted up 
with all modern appliances, including elevator, and are occupied by 
firms and organizations connected with building, among them being 
the Lumbermen's Exchange and the Roofers' Exchange. The em- 
ployers or master mechanics comprising the membership of the Mas- 
ter Stone-Cutters' Association, the Bricklayers' Company, tlie Master 
Plasterers' Association, the Master Plumbers' Association, and the 
Philadelphia Saw- and Planing-Mill Association also hold their meet- 
ings in the building. Near here, at the south-west corner of Market 
and Seventh Streets, on the site of the house where Jefferson wrote the 
Declaration of Indei^endence, is the new building of the Penn National 
Bank, a chaste, substantial stone structure, and at No. 32 North Sixth 
Street (above Market), in its brown-stone building, is the home of 
the City National Bank, with a capital of §400,000 and a surplus of 
$450,000. 





GITAKANTEE TRUST AND SAFE DEPOSIT CO., 316, 318, AND 320 CHESTNUT STREET. 



Provident 
Building. 



Chestnut, Walnut, Third, and Fourth Streets. 

The locality indicated by the combined names of these several 
streets is thickly studded with fine specimens of architecture, mostly 
of a modern type, the more recent of which exhibit a pleasing contrast 
to the prevailing styles of a decade or two ago. The new Provident 
Building, erected under the supervision of Mr. Frank Furness, archi- 
tect, at the north-west corner of Chestnut and Fourth Streets, with its 
front of fifty-one feet on Chestnut Street by a depth of 
sixty-nine feet on Fourth, and an altitude of one hun- 
dred and fifty-two feet rising through ten stories, affords 
a striking example of a present tendency in architectural designs, and 
of a fashion in material now much in vogue. A room twenty-five feet 
in height adapted to banking purposes occupies the first floor, above 
which are about fifty offices rendered easily accessible by rapid ele- 
vators. The exterior is composed of sections of a patent light brick 
and granite, arranged alternately with pleasing effect. This building 
is the property of the Provident Life and Trust Company, whose spa- 
cious offices occupy the massive granite edifice adjoining (Nos. 409- 
411 Chestnut Street), next to which (Nos. 413-417) is the building of 
the Philadelphia Trust, Safe Deposit, and Insurance Company. The 
solid granite building of the Philadelphia National Bank occupies Nos. 
419, 421, and 423 (the first-named number being the office of the 
Register of Wills, and the last the office of the Recorder of Deeds), 
adjoining which (Nos. 425-429) stands the graceful marble building 
of the Farmers' and Mechanics' National Bank, which was formed in 
1807 and now has a capital of §2,000,000. At No. 431, pending the 
completion of their new building, the Pennsylvania Company for In- 
surances on Lives and Granting Annuities transact their immense 
business, and at No. 435 is the People's Bank, a State institution with 
a capital of $150,000. 

On the south-west corner of Chestnut and Fourth Streets stands 
the solid R. D. Wood Building, of red brick with brown-stone trim- 
mings, seven stories high, including the basement, and devoted to 
offices, to which access is had by swift elevators. Adjoining this is 

67 



Government 

Custom- 

House. 



68 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

the plain marble building of the Western National Bank, next to 
which stands, in striking contrast, the United States Government 
Custom-House, originally erected (1819-1824) for the 
second United States Bank, the first having occupied 
the Girard Bank on Third Street below Chestnut. Tlie 
Custom-House was modelled after the Parthenon at 
Athens, and is said to be one of the finest examples of the Doric 
order of architecture in the world. It is occupied by the Collector of 
Customs and the Assistant Treasurer of the United States, with their 
respective assistants. 

Eastward from Fourth Street on Chestnut are some splendid speci- 
mens of architecture in the banking-houses and other edifices with 
which the street is lined. At the south-east corner of Fourth and 
Chestnut is the stately banking-house of Brown Brothers & Co., eight 
stories high, built of a peculiar light patent brick heavily trimmed 
with gray-stone, the first floor being devoted to the vast business of 
the firm and the upper rooms being occupied as offices by tenants. 
A few doors below, occupying Nos. 316-320 Chestnut Street, stands 
the massive building of the Guarantee Trust and Safe Deposit Company 
of Philadelphia, with a* capital of |1,000,000, chartered, in 1871, "for 
the safe keeping of valuables, renting of safes in burglar-proof vaults, 
receiving of deposits of money at interest, the collection of interest 
or income, the execution of all manner of trusts," etc., etc. (as set 
forth in the articles of incorporation), and nearly opposite (Nos. 
327-331) is the beautiful marble edifice of the Fidelity Insurance, 
Trust, and Safe Deposit Company, whose capital of |2,000,000 is sup- 
plemented by a surplus of like amount. Standing in the rear of the 
Guarantee Company's building, but visible from Chestnut Street 
through a court (the entrance to which is opened for visitors on 
business days), is that famous historic building the Carpenters' 
Hall of Revolutionary times, where, on September 5, 1774, assembled 
the first Continental Congress, and where, as an inscription on 
the wall proudly testifies, "Henry, Hancock, and Adams inspired 
the Delegates of the Colonies with Nerve and Sinew for the Toils 
of War ;" the place where the first Continental Congress jnet, and 
where the famous "first prayer in Congress" was delivered by 
Parson Duch6 on the morning after the news of the bombardment 
of Boston had been received, and men knew that the war was indeed 
"inevitable." 

Here the first Provincial Assembly held its sittings, to be succeeded 



Organized 1871. 



Incorporated lE 




NORTHWESTERN 

GUARANTY 

LOAN 
COMPANY 

OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. 

^ Capital . . $1,000,000 

DIRECTORS. 



company's building in MINNEAPOLIS. 



Thomas Lowry, 
E. W. Herrick, 
George A. Pillsbury 
Joseph Dean, 
Philip H. Neher, 
W. D. Washburn, 
A. J. Dean, 

W. S. 



H. E. Fletcher, 
Clinton Morrison, 
Louis F. Menage, 
John S. Pillsbury, 
Loren Fletcher, 
C. H. Pettit, 
Wm. H. Eustis, 
Streeter. 



GUARANTEED INVESTMENTS. 

Mortgages, 

Debenture Bonds, and 
Short Time Certificates. 

SIX PER CENT., PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST GUARANTEED. 

The Commonwealth Title, Insurance, and Trust Co., of Philadelphia, is Trustee 
for Debentures, and custodian of Mortgages securing same. 



AMONG OUR PHILADELPHIA STOCKHOLDERS ARE 



Finley Acker, 

Edward P. Allinson, 
David S. Bispham, 
Geo. Burnham, Jr., 
Wm. Burnham, 
Duncan L. Buzby, 
E. J. Collins, 



John H. Converse, 
Jos. M. Gazzam, 
Arthur O. Granger, 
Henry D. Gregory, 
William Hacker, 
Henry Haines, 
Rudolph Koradi, 



J. Bertram Lippincott, 
Edwin F. Morse, 
John G. Reading, 
Alexander Simpson, Jr., 
Chas. M. Swain, 
Alpheus Wilt, 
Samuel W. Wray. 



W. C. RODMAN .... Philadelphia Agent, 

302, 303, 304 Drexel Building. 



CHESTNUT, WALNUT, THIRD, AND FOURTH STREETS. 



71 




by the British troops, and afterwards by the first United States Bank, 
and still later by the Bank of Pennsylvania. 

Built in 1770, Carpenters' Hall was at first intended only for the 
uses of the Society of Carpenters, by whom it was founded. Its cen- 
tral location, however, caused it to 
be used for the meetings of dele- 
gates to the Continental Congress, 
and for other public purposes ; and 
when no longer needed for these it 
passed from tenant to tenant, until 
it degenerated into an auction- 
room. Then the Company of Car- 
penters, taking patriotic counsel, 
resumed control of it, fitted it up 
to represent as nearly as might 
be its appearance in Revolution- 
ary days, and now keeps it as a 
sacred relic. The walls are hung 
with interesting mementos of the 
times that tried men's souls. At 
314 Chestnut Street, in its mod- 
est quarters, is the Commercial National Bank, and opposite (Nos. 
315-319) is the somewhat imposing granite building of the First 
National Bank. Adjoining the latter (No. 313) the building of the 
National Bank of the Republic attracts attention by its 
curious style of architecture — presenting to the street 
a striking facade of English red-stone and Philadelphia 
red pressed brick. Tlie building covers a lot of thirty feet front and 
one hundred and eighty feet in depth. The main banking-room is 
twenty-nine feet wide, one hundred and twenty feet long, and thirty- 
four feet high, and is lighted from sky- and ceiling-lights throughout 
its length. The interior finish is of cherry; the counters and desks 
are of mahogany and bevelled plate-glass ; the walls, where not of 
tile and richly-carved Caen stone, are painted in warm colors, a rich 
dark red predominating, the effect of which is novel and i)leasing, 
and the main fioor throughout is covered with red and small black 
tiles laid upon brick arches. The main room is divided by the ma- 
hogany partitions into apartments for officers, tellers, and clerks, 
back of which is the directors' room. The vaults are of massive 
granite-work with steel lining, within which are steel safes. The 



CARPENTERS' HALL. 



Bank of the 
Republic. 




■KATIONAT. BANK OF THE REPUBIvIC, 313 CHESTNUT ST. 



CHESTNUT, WALNUT, THIRD, AND FOURTH STREETS. 73 

bank occupies the entire building, giving ample room in all the 
apartments and abundant space outside of counters. The building is 
heated by steam^ and from open fireplaces, and is admirablj'^ venti- 
lated. Below the Bank of the Republic (No. 307) is the Bank of 
North America, the oldest bank in the country, chartered in 1787, 
and on the south side of Chestnut Street (No. 310), are the offices of 
the Investment Company of Philadelphia, with a capital of |4,000,000. 
On the north-east and south-west corners of Third and Chestnut 
Streets are the offices, respectivelj-, of those rival institutions the 
Postal-Telegraph Cable Company (the Mackay-Bennett System) and 
the Western Union Telegraph Company, the wires of both of which, 
with their connections, are claimed to reach to almost all sections of 
the civilized world. 

Buildings of magnitude occupy Fourth Street south from Chestnut. 
On the west side, below Chestnut, adjoining the R. D. Wood building 
(No. 108 South Fourth), is the Merchants' National Bank, a massive 
iron structure, opposite which, on the east side (No. 109j, the Central 
National Bank, with a capital of $750,000, finds its home in the block 
known as the Forrest Buildings, a series of structures belonging to the 
estate of William Forrest and built for offices for financial institutions 
and professional and business men. Farther south, on the same side 
of Fourth Street, on whicii it has a frontage of one hundred and 
twenty-three feet, with a side-wall of one hundred feet on Harmony 
Street, stands the imposing Bullitt Building, built of 
brick with heavy broken-stone columns and massive 
brown-stone trimmings. The walls of this prodigious 
structure rise to a height of eight stories (one hundred feet to the 
cornice), and are surmounted by conspicuous towers on the Fourth 
Street front. An immense light-shaft, covered with heavy rough 
glass, — with plate-glass sides, — extends from the first fioor of the 
building to the top, affording a passage for the four swift elevators 
which convey passengers to the offices on the several floors, and to 
the restaurant, cafe, and private dining-rooms which are located in 
the eighth story. Stairways of Avhite marble, with heavy iron rail- 
ings, also extend from the basement to the eighth floor. Heavy 
brown-stone arches surmount the main entrances, the doors to which 
are of carved oak and plate-glass, with brass mountings, the corri- 
dors being ceiled with gray marble. In this building is the home of 
the Fourth National Bank, and here also are the offices of several 
private bankers. 

5 



Bullitt 
Building. 



Lombard 

Investment 

Company. 



Insurance 

Company of 

Pennsylvania 



74 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

Prominent among the tenants of the Biilhtt Building is the well- 
known Lombard Investment Company, whose special business is the 
furnishing to their patrons — among whom are many of 
the most prominent financial, business, and charitable 
corporations in the city — guaranteed six per cent, mort- 
gages on farm and city properties, secured by a fund of 
over 13,000,000, it being the proud boast of the directors that during their 
career of thirty-five years not a dollar has been lost by their patrons — 
or can be lost under their system of business. The Philadelphia direc- 
tors of the Company are George Burnham, William B. Bement, George 
Philler, G. M. Troutman, and William McGeorge, Jr., the last named 
being a vice-president and the manager of the Companj^ in this city. 
Opposite the Bullitt Building, on the west side of Fourth Street 
(No. 136 South Fourth), is the handsome building of the Insurance 
Company of the State of Pennsylvania, an institution 
organized in 1794, and, with a single exception, the 
oldest of its kind in the United States. This edifice, 
with its front of Indiana limestone and brick, forty 
feet in width on Fourth Street, by a depth of one hundred and twenty 
feet to a back street, is seven stories in height, including the base- 
ment, the front being richly ornamented with a copper oriel extend- 
ing from the stone base to the sixth floor. Wrought-iron stairways, 
supplemented by a swift elevator, lead to the several floors, through 
spacious corridors lined with enamelled brick, and electric lights and 
gas are x)rovided, together with an excellent system of steam-heating 
and ventilation. The building contains over seventy offices, besides 
the apartments of the Company. 

Standing on the south-east corner of Walnut and Fourth Streets, 
conspicuous even among its striking architectural surroundings, is 
the new building of the American Life Insurance Com- 
pany of Philadelphia, with its fronts of flfty feet on Wal- 
nut Street and one hundred and one feet on Fourth. 
The massive rock-flnished front walls of this edifice, 
built of Wyoming Valley blue-stone, rise to the height of eight stories, 
and are surmounted by towers, the highest of which reaches one 
hundred and sixty-five feet from the pavement. Flights of stairs of 
polished Georgia red marble supplement the swift elevators which 
convey visitors to the various upper floors, where are well-lighted 
offices finished in all the luxury of hard-woods and plate-glass. Each 
office has a street front, and, besides the excellent natural light thus 



American 

Life Ins. 

Company. 




INSURANCE COMPANY OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA, 
136 SOUTH FOURTH STREET. 



Ton 



ombard Investment Co. 



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Guarantee Fund securing Investors, over^ $3,000,000 




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PHILADELPHIA DIRECTORS.— Wm. B. Bement, Industrial Iron Works; Geo. 
Burnham, Baldwin Locomotive Works; Geo. Philler, President First National Bank; 
Geo. M. Troutman, President Central National Bank; Wm. McGeorge, Jr., Coun- 

sellor-at-Law. 

Six per cent, first mortgages, guaranteed by above fund, also six per cent, debentures, in large 
or small sizes, for sale at par and accrued interest. Safest investment for Trust funds. Send for 
pamphlets. 

WM. McGEORGE, Jr., Third Vice-President, 

131-143 South Fourth St., Philadelphia. 

Bullitt Building, Second Floor Front. 



Union 
Assurance 



CHESTNUT, WALNUT, THIRD, AND FOURTH STREETS. 77 

secured, electric lights aud gas are furnished to every part of the 
building. A unique fire-escape, covered by an ornamental screen, 
gives an attractive finish to the Fourth Street front. This building 
was erected under the supervision of T. P. Lonsdale, architect. A half 
square west of the American Life, midway between Fourth and Fifth 
Streets, on the south side of Walnut, towers the new building of the 
Commercial Union Assurance Company of London, or- 
ommercia g^nized in 1861 and since 1870 well known in business 
circles in Philadelphia and the United States generally, 
where the published statement of its business shows an 
Company. \ ^^^^^^^^^ ^f f^.^j^^ ^940,942 in 1878 to 12,354,766 in 1888. 
The building now approaching completion is constructed of buff 
brick, with Indiana limestone trimmings, and rises to the height of 
eight stories (one hundred and seventeen feet) from the pavement, its 
main entrance— a central arched door-way nine feet four inclies wide 
— being flanked bj^ massive columns nearly five feet in diameter. 
Plate-glass windows, more than twelve feet wide with heavy arches, 
light the first floor front, and over the door-\\^ay the Company's name 
and the English coat of arms are elaborately engraved upon the stone. 
The home-otfice statement of the Company for 1888 showed assets of 
$12,927,000 and a surplus of $4,983,000. 

On Fourth Street below Walnut stands the main offlce-buildings 
of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company and the Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad Company, occupying respectively the north-east and 
south-east corners of Fourth Street and AVilling's Alley, the building 
of the former (the Philadelphia and Reading) being built of brown- 
stone and of the latter (the Pennsylvania) having a massive granite 
front with a portico. A short distance below these buildings, on the 
west side of Fourth Street, is St. Mary's Church (Roman Catholic), a 
plain brick structure externall}', but handsomely decorated within. 
This church was first erected in 1763, was enlarged in 1810, and reno- 
vated and beautified in 1886. Another celebrated old-time Catholic 
church is St. Joseph's, on the north side of Witling's Alley, immedi- 
ately in the rear of the Reading Railroad office. This building \vas 
erected in 1879, and, with its parish buildings, is surrounded by busi- 
ness-houses. At the foot of Witling's Alley, on the east side of Third 
Street, below Walnut, is St. Paul's Church (Protestant Episcopal), first 
erected in 1761, but modernized in 1832. A short distance above, at 
Third and Walnut Streets, is the Merchants' Exchange, near which, 
on Third Street, at the head of Dock Street, is the Girard Bank. 




AMERICAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, S. E. COR. FOURTH 
AND WALNUT STREETS. 




COMMERCIAL UNION ASSURANCE COMPANY'S BUILDING, 
416, 418, AND 420 WALNUT STREET. 




THE 



aster Builders' Exchange 



OF PHILADELPHIA. 
7K 

OF^F^ICERS. 
1889. 

Preside7it, DAVID A. WOELPPER. 

Vice-Presidents , 



Stacy Reeves, George Watson, George W. Roydhouse. 


Secretary, 




Treasurer, 


William Harkness, Jr. 


DIRECTORS. 
1889. 


Chas. H. Reeves. 


David A. Woelpper. 


Stacy Reeves, J. S. Thorn, 


Murrell Dobbins, 


Chas. H. Reeves, 


Geo. W. Roydhouse, John Kisterbock, 


William B. Irvine, 


Miles King, 


Wm. H. Albertson, Samuel J. Creswell, 


William Gray, 


William Harkness, Jr., 


George Watson, Maurice Joy, 


Jacob R. Garber, 


Peter Carrigan, 


Fred. F. Myhlertz, John E. Eyanson, 


Franklin M. Harris, 


Charles Gillingham, 


7i\ 


John S. Stevens. 



THE BUILDING, 

SITUATED ON THE WEST SIDE OF SEVENTH STREET, MIDWAY BETWEEN MARKET 
AND CHESTNUT STREETS, IS OCCUPIED AS FOLLOWS : 

THE EXCHANGE ROOM. 

The members of the Builders' Exchange meet daily during 'Change hour (12.30 to 1.30 p.m.) 
in the Exchange Room, which occupies the entire second floor front, which is handsomely fitted up 
and in every way admirably adapted to the purpose. 



THE EXHIBITION ROOM. 

The entire main hall on the first floor, 75 x 105 feet, is occupied as a Permanent Exhibition, for 
the display of all kinds of materials, natural or artificial, modes of construction, new appliances, 
inventions, or devices used in the construction and finish of buildings. 



THE MECHANICAL. TRADE SCHOOL. 

The basement is commodiously fitted up for use as a school for the instruction of youth pre- 
paratory to apprenticeship to the various trades connected with building. 



BUSINESS OFFICES. 

The entire remainder of the building constituting the second floor back and the third and fourth 
floors is divided into numerous commodious offices, which are occupied by parties whose business 
connects them with the building trades. (See page 65.) 



Rittenhouse 
Square. 



VI. 

Rittenhouse Square and Vicinity. 

Rittenhouse Square, a well-kept and finely-shaded common of 
six acres, the " South-west Square" of Penn's time, and called bj^ the 
latter name from its relative position to the "Centre 
Square" of those days, where now stands the new Citj^ 
Hall, extends from Walnut Street south to Locust, and 
from Eighteenth Street to Nineteenth, its immediate surroundings 
embracing the most fashionable section of the city. Here almost un- 
broken blocks of costly mansions attest the vast wealth of those who 
are so fortunate as to be reckoned among the residents of that locality, 
while numerous churches (some of them of much elegance) erected 
here and there, on eligible sites, add not a little to the attractiveness 
of the section. A growing lack of uniformity in the style of archi- 
tecture and of the material both of the private residences and of the 
public edifices gives variety to the scene. Here and there may be 
seen massive brick and brown-stone mansions of impressive sombre- 
ness and solidity, while not unfrequently, in the immediate neigh- 
borhood of buildings of this style, will be found a fancy patent-brick 
structure or a modern light-stone front. 

Fronting the Square, at the corner of Nineteenth and Walnut 
Streets, stands the well-known and popular Church of the Holy Trinity 
(Protestant Episcopal), a Gothic structure of brown-stone, 
handsomely furnished, with a tower one hundred and 
fifty feet high, and a Sunday-school building adjoining 
on Walnut Street. This church, first opened for worship in 1859, is a 
fine specimen of the most approved st^'le of architecture of three dec- 
ades ago, and its several rectors since have been men eminent in 
their profession. Street-cars on Walnut Street and on Nineteenth 
pass the doors of the church, while those on Eigiiteenth, Twentieth, 
Chestnut, and Spruce Streets pass a square away 

Three doors from the Church of the Holy Trinity (at No. 206 
South Nineteenth Street), and fronting on the Square, 
is the Roman Catholic Academy of the Sisters of Notre 
Dame, a substantial structure of brick with brown-stone 

81 



Holy Trinity 
P.E.Church. 



Academy of 
Notre Dame. 



82 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

trimmings ; almost immediately in tlie rear of which and fronting 
on Twentieth Street is the Western Methodist Episcopal Church, a 
a plain, rough-cast building erected in 1833. On the same street, a 
short distance south, at Twentieth and Locust, stands the .Roman 
Catholic St. Patrick's Church (built years ago when that section of the 
city was comparatively little improved) and its parish buildings, 
which now include a large parish school. Handsome rows of dwell- 
ings occupy Spruce and Pine Streets near Twentieth, and near the 
latter on Pine is the attractive Christ Church Chapel (Protestant Epis- 
copal), doubtless the germ of what will ere long become a prosperous 
church organization. Two squares distant, at the corner of Nine- 
teenth and Lombard Streets, stands the Church of the Mediator (also 
Protestant Episcopal), a plain stone structure. The vicinity of Sev- 
enteenth and Spruce Streets is noted as among the most desirable 
residence sections of the city, sufficiently removed from the turmoil 
of business yet easy of access from all points. On the south-west 
corner of these streets is located the West Spruce Street Presbyterian 
Church (originally a colony from the Tenth Presbyterian, at Twelfth 
and Walnut Streets), erected in 1855-56, a massive Gothic brick edi- 
fice, with a steeple two hundred and forty-eight feet high. Besides 
the cars on both Spruce and Seventeenth Streets, which pass the 
doors of this church, those on Sixteenth and Eighteenth Streets from 
the southern section of the city, and on Walnut and Pine Streets 
from the east, pass a square away. Midway between Sixteenth and 
Seventeenth Streets, on Locust, stands the beautiful St. Mark's Church 
(Protestant Episcopal), a Gothic brown-stone structure 
with a tower and spire rising to the height of one hun- 
dred and seventy feet above the pavement. This edi- 
fice is built entirely of stone, without and within, and lighted by 
stained-glass windows, its furniture being of solid oak and its exterior 
covered with festoons of ivy. A parish building in the same general 
style of architecture, embracing Sunday- and day-school rooms and 
other apartments, occupies a portion of the grounds, its ivy-covered 
walls contributing not a little to the beauty of the scene. This church 
is conveniently reached by the cars on Walnut, Spruce, Sixteenth, 
and Seventeenth Streets, and by several other lines that pass in the 
immediate neighborhood. 

Fronting Rittenhouse Square on the east (the Eighteenth Street 
side, its grounds extending to Seventeenth Street) is the attractive 
establishment of the late Joseph Harrison, noted for his career as 



St. Mark's 
P.E. Church 




RESIDENCE ON WEST WALNUT STREET. 



DISSEMINATING SOUND LITERATURE. 



ill 



The work that is being done by the Charles Foster Publishing Co. of Philadelphia. 

SOME philosopher has declared 
that '* the mind grows with 
what it feeds upon," and the 
soundness of such an axiom is in- 
disputable. Accepting it as the 
criterion, it will be admitted with- 
out argument that about the most 
beneficial work that public-spirited 
men can engage in is the dissemi- 
nation of sound literature, and es- 
pecially that which is intended for 
the young. The effects of the 
work which is now being done in 
this direction will be felt for hun- 
dreds of years to come. 

In this connection it is proper to 
say something about the Charles 
Foster Publishing Company, of 
Philadelphia. It is not a great 
many years since the now impor- 
tant business that is carried on under 
the above style was first estab- 
lished. Mr. Charles Foster, the 
founder, though then unfamiliar 
with the publishing business, was 
yet convinced that a book which 
he had completed, after years of 
patient labor, was destined to have 
a large sale. This book was the 
"Story of the Bible," now so 
well known as the best simple 
version of the Bible ever written. 
It is not only used in homes and schools throughout this country, but has also 
been reprinted in foreign lands. 

The success of the " Story of the Bible," and the need that plainly existed 
for a series of books which would impart to children of tender years, as well as 
older persons, a knowledge of the Bible, led the author to prepare several other 
volumes. 

These also have attained great popularity, and the series thus established is 
considered by eminent authorities, both in this country and in England, — where 
they have been reprinted, — as the best ever published for the purpose of simplify- 
ing and making plain the Scriptures. 

The books are suitable for children, adults, or any who wish to acquire with 
ease and pleasure a knowledge of the main portion of the Bible, 

The business so modestly established, with the sale of a few copies of a single 
book, has steadily grown, until more than one hundred thousand of Mr. Foster's 
books have been sold in a single year, and in all more than half a million copies 
of them have been sent out. 




BUILDING OF THE CHAS. FOSTER PUBLISHING CO. 
716 SANSOM ST., PHILADELPHIA. 



Harrison 
Mansion. 



Rittenhouse 
Club. 



RITTENHOUSE SQUARE AND VICINITY. 85 

a civil engineer and constructor of railroads, at which, under con- 
tracts with the Emperor of Russia, he amassed a large 
fortune ; and on Walnut Street above Eighteenth (No. 
1811) is the home of the Rittenhouse Club, a social,, 
non-political organization possessing the general characteristics of 
the old Philadelphia Club, of which it may be consid- 
ered the offspring. At the north-east corner of Chest- 
nut and Eighteenth Streets is the Philadelphia City In- 
stitute, founded in 1852, in which is maintained a free public library, 
open afternoon and evening, where, in addition to accommodations 
for visitors, books are loaned under certain regulations. A free even- 
ing-school is also conducted here when there are funds available for 
that purpose. The volumes in the library number about. 12,000, and 
the number of visitors is about 30,000 per annum. On Chestnut Street 
above Eighteenth is the Tabernacle Baptist Church, an imposing edi- 
fice with a circular front supported by brown-stone pillars, and a 
spire over two hundred feet high. A square above, on the south side 
of Chestnut Street west of Nineteenth (No. 1910), stands the Aldine 
Hotel, an elegant establishment, noted especially as a 
family hotel rather than as a hostelry for transient vis- 
itors. The main part of the edifice was once the resl- 
(dence of Mrs. Dr. Rush, in her day a distinguished leader of society, 
who sought, by the exercise of a generous and refined hospitality, to 
Wake her house the social centre of Philadelphia. After the death 
of Mrs. Rush and her husband the house became the property of Mr. 
J. B. Lippincott, and, although it has since received extensive addi- 
ctions, much of it remains exactly as it was in the days when as the 
^" Rush mansion" it enjoyed a wide and reputable notoriety. At the 
rear it opens upon pleasant gardens, and it is in all respects an exceed- 
(ingly agreeable and comfortable place of sojourn. 

j Two squares west of the Aldine Hotel, on Chestnut Street, a group 
of fashionable churches attract the attention of the ob- 
server. Midway between Twenty-first and Twenty-sec- 
ond Streets, on the south side of Chestnut, stands the 
Second Reformed Episcopal Church, the leading church 
of that denomination in Philadelphia, and having for its rector 
the bishop of the diocese. Nearly opposite, on the 
north side of Chestnut, is the beautiful edifice of the 
First Unitarian Church, whose congregation, organized 
near the close of the last century, formerly had their home at Tenth 



Aldine 
Hotel. 



Reformed 

Episcopal 

Church. 



Unitarian 
Church. 



Swedenbor- 
gian Church. 



86 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

and Locust Streets, where for more than half a century they were 
ministered to by the Rev. Dr. William H. Furness. Adjoining this 
church, at the corner of Chestnut and Twenty-second Streets, is the 
New Jerusalem Church (Swedenborgian), one of the architectural orna- 
ments of Philadelphia, having connected with it an 
auxiliary building containing Sunday-school rooms, a 
ladies' parlor, free library and reading-room, and a 
room devoted to the sale and distribution of books and tracts. These 
buildings are of the Gothic order of architecture, the church edifice 
representing' the early English Gothic of the thirteenth century, and 
the auxiliary building the Gothic of a later period. The walls are of 
brown-stone, the windows of cathedral glass, leaded into mullioned 
frames of carved stone ; the interior wood-work of the church is of 
cherry, and that of the Sunday-school building of butternut. Both 
are beautiful structures, a parked space or lawn at the street corner 
filling the angle between the buildings and heightening the effect of 
their arrangement. For more than a century the "New Church" 
(the corporate title of the followers of Swedenborg) has had represen- 
tation in Philadelphia, it having been in 1784 that James Glen, of 
Scotland, here first promulgated the tenets of Swedenborg. The first 
organization was eflfected in 1815, when the first house of worship was 
built for the society. The present edifice was erected in 1878, and 
under the ministry of Rev. Chauncey Giles the congregation is rap- 
idly increasing in numbers, and is unceasingly active in good works. 
At Twenty-fourth and Chestnut Streets, on the Schuylkill River 
where it is spanned by the Chestnut Street bridge, stands the passen- 
ger station of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, an elegant 
brick structure w^ith brown-stone trimmings, in the 
Queen Anne style of architecture, with spacious apart- 
naents consisting of restaurants and separate waiting-rooms for ladies 
and gentlemen, on the level of Chestnut Street, whence broad de- 
scending stairways (with walls of glazed tiles) and elevators lead to 
the ticket-offices on the first fioor— level with the tracks, and with 
Twenty-fourth Street, thirty feet below. The station has a front of 
one hundred and sixty feet on Chestnut Street by a depth of one 
hundred and thirty-five feet, its general height being fifty-five feet 
above the street, with a tower finial over one hundred feet high. The 
waiting- and restaurant-rooms are wainscoted with quartered oak 
panelling, the base of the wainscoting being of polished black marble. 
Massive fireplaces of brick with imported brown-stone trimmings 



Bah. & Ohio 
R.R. Station. 




•AliDINE HOTEL. 



r. '• =:- 




RITTENHOUSE SQUARE AND VICINITY. 89 

and hearths of tiles are available for heating these rooms in addition 
to the steam heat with which the building is supplied throughout. 
The train-shed connected with the station is three hundred feet long 
by one hundred and ten feet wide, and is lit throughout by elee- 
tricity. This station was erected from designs of Frank Furness, 
architect, under the general superintendence of H. T. Douglas, chief 
engineer, and cost about $200,000. Through a close business connec- 
tion between the Baltimore and Ohio and the Philadelphia and 
Reading Railroads, passengers for New York and for intermediate 
points, where stops are made bj" the express trains on the Bound 
Brook Division of the latter road, maj- embark at this station, and 
passengers from New York, by the same trains, may land here. Sev- 
eral lines of street-cars convey passengers conveniently near this 
station, the Chestnut and Walnut Streets Line passing its doors from 
both the east and west. From lower Pine Street, from Fairmount, and 
from Gray's Ferry the Spruce and Pine Street cars cross Chestnut 
Street near the station, and the Market Street cars from both the east 
and the west pass a square distant at Twenty-third and Market Streets. 
A short distance west of Rittenhouse Square, at the corner of Wal- 
nut and Twenty-first Streets, surrounded bj- elegant mansions, stands 
the massive Second Presbyterian Church, with walls of 
various kinds of stone lined and finislied interiorly with 
English brick. • This congregation, which was origi- 
nally formed (1743) by members from the First Presby- 
terian Church, had its first home at Third and Arch Streets, whence, 
in 1837, it removed to Seventh Street below Arch, and finally, in 1872, 
to its present edifice. An elegant chapel fronting on Twenty-first 
Street joins the church. At Twenty-second and Walnut Streets is 
the beautiful St. James's Protestant Episcopal Church, 
built in a Gothic style of architecture, of green serpen- 
tine stone and elaborately ornamented within by 
painted windows and other decorations. Originally a colony from 
Christ Church on Second Street, the congregation of St. James's oc- 
cupied a rough-cast building on Seventh Street above Market from 
early in the century until the completion of its present elegant edi- 
fice, about 1870. Besides the usual parish-buildings attached to the 
church, there is in course of erection a fine house for the parish 
guilds, called, in honor of the venerable rector. The Henry J. Mor- 
ton Guild House, — four stories in height with a front on Sansom. 
Street of sixty feet by a depth of one hundred and six feet, and con- 

6 



Second 

Presbyterian 

Church. 



St. James's 
P.E. Church. 



Children's 
Hospital. 



90 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

taining working-rooms for the guilds, assembly-room, gymnasium, 
etc. Fine residences immediately surround St. James's Church in all 
directions, and on Twenty-second Street below Walnut is The Chil- 
dren's Hospital of Philadelphia, a plain brick structure 
where children under twelve years of age are received 
for treatment, and where, from the date of its founda- 
tion in 1855 to the close of 1888, 4423 hospital cases had been received 
knd treated and 128,479 cases prescribed for at the Dispensary. The 
Holy Trinity Memorial Church (Protestant Episcopal), a brown-stone 
Gothic structure at Twenty-second and Spruce Streets (originally a 
mission of the Church of the Holy Trinity, and still under the gov- 
ernment and forming a part of the parish of Holy Trinity), was with 
its Sunday-school building erected as memorials to the departed, — the 
church by Mrs. Anna H. Wilstach, in memory of her daughter. Miss 
Anna Gertrude Wilstach, and the Sunday-school building by Mr. 
Lemuel Coffin and Miss Bohlen in memory of Mr. John Bohlen. 
Near here, on Twenty-second Street above Pine, is the neat French 
church, Eglise du St. Sauveur (also Protestant Episcopal), of brick 
with brown-stone trimmings. 




ilii«!' 




Geo. F. Smith, 



Dealer in 



House 

Furnishing 

Goods, 

133 S. Eleventh St. 



Biiy your 

Ice and Coal 

from the 

Knickerbocker 

Ice Company, 

and secure the best quahty at 

the lowest price. 

Principal Office, 
Sixth and Arch Streets. 



Undoubtedly the cheapest 
place in the 
city to buy 
r e 1 i a b 1 e 
hair goods. 

Every ar- 
ticle of our 
own manu- 
facture. 

Beck's Hair Store, 

36 N. Eighth St., 
Between Filbert and Arch. 




Insurance. 

Wagner & Taylor, 

South Fourth Street. 

Telephone No. 2622. 



Cresson Chemical Laboratory, 

413 Locust Street, 

Philadelphia. 

Examinations of suspected writings with the Megascope. 

Chemical work done with reference to use in law suits. 

Consultations upon subjects relating to Chemistry and Physics. 

Analysis of Waters, Coals, Foods, etc., etc., etc. 

C. M. Cresson, M.D. 



A. W. Faber's 

Lead Pencils, 

Gold Pens. 

E. Faber's 

Penholders, 

Rubber Bands. 



Levy type Co., 

Photo- 
Engravers, 

S. E. cor. Seventh and 
Chestnut Streets. 

Louis E. Levy. 



Buy 

THE ITEM, 

160,000 

Circulation 

Every 

Day. 



Breuker 

• — and — 

Kessler, 

Lithographers, 

36 

South Fifth St., 
Philadelphia. 



M. Espen & Co. 

Importers and Dealers of 

Laces, 
Lace Curtains, 
Embroideries, 

Etc., 

44 North Eighth Street. 



Matthew Hall, 



Slate and Wood 



Mantels, 



Heating, Tiles, and Brass 
Goods, 

1927-1929 Market St., 
Philadelphia. 



VII. 

Logan Sqltare and Vicinity. 

Logan Squake, the uorth-west of the five principal parks reserved 
by WilUani Penn for pubhc use, and hence formerly called North- West 
jSquare, is a beautiful plot of seven and three-fourths acres, a half 
mile north-west from the City Hall, and occupying the square ex- 
tending from Race Street on the south to Vine Street on the north, 
and east and west from Eighteenth to Nineteenth Streets. Besides 
the cars on these several streets which pass the square, this locality is 
reached bj' the cars on both Arch and Callowhill Streets, which run 
both east and west, by the cars on Seventeenth and Twentieth Streets 
from the northern section of the city, and by the Market Street cars, 
which pass two squares away. The immediate surroundings of Lo- 
gan Square are mostly dwellings of a superior character, interspersed 
with various institutions, the striking feature of the locality being, 
2yar excellence, the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. 
Peter and St. Paul, on Eighteenth Street above Race, 
a tine brown-stone edifice with a front on the street 
of one hundred and thirty-six feet, consisting of a 
portico of four massive pillars sixty feet high, supporting a pediment 
which reaches one hundred and one feet six inches above the street. 
This building has an external depth of two hundred and sixteen feet, 
is surmounted by a dome fifty-one feet in diameter, and has an ex- 
treme height of two hundred and ten feet. In the interior the build- 
ing is cruciform, the nave being fifty-one feet wide by one hundred 
and eighty-two long, and the transepts fifty feet wide by one hundred 
and twenty-eight in length. The walls and vaulted ceilings (the lat- 
ter eighty feet high) are richly decorated with Bible scenes, — over the 
grand altar being a striking painting of the crucifixion, by Brumidi. 
The corner-stone of this building was laid in 1846, and in 1864 the 
structure Avas dedicated with imposing ceremonies. Flanking the 
Cathedral on the one hand (at Eighteenth and Race Streets) is the 
Cathedral School for boys, and on tiie other, at Eighteenth and Sum- 
mer Streets, is the archiepiscopal residence. Other institutions in 
the immediate neighborhood belonging to the same denomination 

93 



Roman 

Catholic 

Cathedral. 



Academy 
of Natural 
Sciences. 



94 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

are the Catholic Home for Orphan Girls, on Race Street below Eigh- 
teenth, and that estimable charity St. Vincent's Home for destitute 
infants and little children, at Eighteenth and Wood Streets, under 
the direct administration of the Sisters of Charity. 

Fronting the Square, on Race Street above Eighteenth (No. 1810), 
is the Wills Eye Hospital, a city institution (governed by the Board 
of Public Trusts) the result of a bequest to the city from James Wills, 
who died in 1825, leaving a legacy for the erection of a free hospital 
for the treatment of diseases of the eye. At the corner of Nineteenth 
and Race Streets, also fronting the Square, is the Academy of Natural 
Sciences, a massive Gothic structure one hundred and 
eighty-six by eighty-three feet, erected in 1875. The 
society to which this fine building belongs w^as founded, 
in 1812, by a few gentlemen for mutual study of the 
laws of nature. Establishing themselves on Second Street, north 
of Arch, they began to collect a museum and library. They after- 
wards removed to a building at Twelfth and George (now Sansom) 
Streets, where they remained till 1842, when they occupied the 
substantial structure at the corner of Broad and Sansom Streets, 
now forming part of the Hotel Lafayette. Their extensive collections 
having outgrown their accommodations, the society, in 1876, took 
possession of its present elegant edifice, which had been constructed 
expressly for its use. The museum occupies an apartment on the 
second floor, sixty by one hundred and eighty feet, having two gal- 
leries, and being amply lighted from above. It contains between seven 
and eight hundred thousand specimens, representing every depart- 
ment of zoology, geology, and botany. The anatomical collection, 
which is very large, includes Dr. Samuel George Morton's collection 
of human crania, twelve hundred in number. There is an immense 
number of mineralogical and paleontological specimens, with a very 
rich collection of fossils. The botanical collection is also very large ; 
that of shells is only excelled by the cabinet of the British Museum ; 
and that of birds, numbering about thirty-two thousand specimens, 
is probably unequalled by any collection in Europe. The library, 
occupying an apartment one hundred and thirty by one hundred 
feet, contains over forty thousand books and pamphlets. It has 
recently been restricted to works on natural science, so that it might 
not outgrow the available space. Visitors to the city should by no 
means fail to see this admirable and interesting institution. The 
cars up Nineteenth Street, and those east on Race Street, run directly 




SCHULKIXIi NAVY ATHLETIC CLUB, 1G2G-28 AKCH STREET. 



Music Books 

and 
Sheet Music. 

J.E.Ditson&Co. 

1228 

Chestnut 

Street. 


. L. Smith, 

Map Publisher and 
Manufacturer, 

Maps and Atlases of every 

description, 

Spring Map Rollers, Walnut 

Map Cases, etc., 

27 S. Sixth St., Phila. 


Robert C. 
Kretschmar, 

Importer of 

Musical Instruments, 

Auto Harps, 

Musical Boxes, 

German Accordions, 

Mouth Harmonicas, 

Violins, Guitars, Banjos, 

Flutes, Fifes, Zithers, etc., 

136 N. Ninth St. 


Eyes Examined Free 

If you wish to be properly 
suited with glasses go to 
Borsch, the old reliable opti- 
cian, where you can get the 
best goods at the lowest 
prices. The only place where 
you can get Borsch's Patent 
Comfort Spectacles and Eye 
Glasses. 

Borsch, 

217 S. Ninth St., bel. Walnut. 


Office, Church, and 
School Furniture 

Of every description, at low- 
est possible prices. 

Geo. Spencer & Co. 

Office and Salesrooms, 
926 Arch St. 

Sole Manufactureraof the 

Wooton Rotary, Flat, 

and Roll Top Desks. 


R. W. Hartnett 

& Bros., 

Printers' Machinists, 

52 and 54 N. Sixth St., 
Philadelphia, 

and Mfrs. of and Dealers in 

Printers' Supplies 

of every description. 


McCollin & Co. 

635 Arch Street, 

Manufacturers, Importers, 

and Dealers 

in all 

Photographic 
Supplies. 


Gilbert & Bacon 

Leading 
Photographers, 

1030 Chestnut St. 

and 820 Arch St. 


Edwin J. Howlett 
& Son, 

Manufacturers of 

Paper 
Bags, 

S. E. Corner of Broad and 

Wallace Streets. 


Charles Eneu Johnson 
and Company, 

Manufacturers of 

• Printing 
Inks, 

509 South Tenth Street. 


P. E. Murtha, 

Manufacturer of 

Plain and Fancy 

Paper Boxes, 

Shoe Cartoons, and Shelf 
Boxes, 

18 N. Fourth St., Phila. 

Boxes of every description 
made to order. 


Geo. C. Newman, 
Adolph Newman. 

Geo.C. Newman 

806 Market Street, 

Fine Arts, 

Engravings, 

Parlor Mirrors, 

Etchings. 



LOGAN SQUARE AND VICINITY. 97 

past this Academy, and those on Vine, Arch, Eighteenth, and Twen- 
tieth pass a square away. 

Tlie fine new building of the Academy of the Sacred Heart, a flour- 
isliing CathoUc institution on Arcli Street above Eighteentli (No. 
1815), four stories in lieight, built of brown-stone, rock-linished, pre- 
sents an attractive appearance ; and at Eighteenth and Arch Streets 
stands the imposing West Arch Street Presbyterian Church, of the 
Corinthian order of architecture, with a fine portico, and surmounted 
by a dome one hundred and seventy feet high. Near this church, at 
Eighteenth and Filbert Streets, is the Fourth Reformed Presbyterian 
Church, whose congregation is now about to remove to their fine new 
edifice at Nineteenth and Catharine Streets. 

In a group of plain brick buildings on Cherry Street, just east of 
Eighteenth, and near Logan Square, are located the Medico-Chirur- 
gical College, incorporated in 1850 ; the Medico-Chirurgical Hospital, 
established in 1885, and the Philadelphia Dental College, formerly on 
Tenth Street above Arch. Nfear here, on Seventeenth Street below 
Race, is the Second Reformed Presbyterian Church, witli its attractive 
front of brown-stone ; and on the south side of Arch Street, midway 
between Sixteenth and Seventeenth Streets, is the imposing building 
of the Schuylkill Navy Athletic Club, one of the handsomest and best- 
equipped club-houses in the city. This building, constructed from 
designs by Willis G. Hale, is five stories high, with a front of forty-five 
feet, and a depth of one hundred and forty-five feet, is built of Indi- 
ana limestone, with a granite base, and is surmounted by a mansard 
roof of Spanish tiles, having a tower finial reaching one hundred 
and nineteen feet above the pavement. Its apartments include, be- 
sides the parlor and reading-room, a main hall thirty-two b,y forty- 
two feet in extent, bowling-alleys, swimming-pool, barber-shop, a 
large billiard-room, lavatories, etc. A gymnasium forty-two by one 
hundred and forty-three feet, and a running-track, are on the upper 
floors. On the fifth floor is a racquet court and a summer pavilion 
forty-five by sixty-five feet, covered with canvass. The house is said 
to be one of the most perfect of its kind in the country. 

In the immediate neighborhood of the Cathedral, at the corner of 
Seventeenth and Summer Streets, stands the Philadelphia Ortho- 
paedic Hospital and Infirmary for Nervous Diseases ; first 
established in 1867, as the Philadelphia Orthopaedic 
Hospital, for the treatment of club-foot, spinal and hip 
diseases, and other bodily deformities, its scope being afterwards (in 



Orthopaedic 
Hospital. 



98 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

1870) enlarged so as to include the treatment of nervous diseases. 
Subsequently (in 1886) the original hospital buildings were torn 
down, and the present edifice was erected, combining all that art and 
science, ingenuity, and experience could suggest in securing the best 
hospital accommodation. The visitor will be amply repaid for what- 
ever time he can devote to a tour through the buildings. 

Since the establishment of this hospital over six thousand de- 
formities and over eight thousand nervous cases have been treated in 
the house and at the out-clinics. Over thirteen hundred surgical 
operations have been performed, while the hospital has been able to 
supply a large number of surgical appliances, in whole or in part, 
without charge. While the charter of the hospital provides that 
"No j)erson shall receive board, treatment, or the benefit of said hos- 
pital, free, who is able to pay for the same," yet no one is refused 
on account of inability to pay, unless the resources of the hospital 
have been exhausted. 

Opposite the Orthopaedic Hospital', at the north-east corner of 
Seventeenth and Summer Streets, is the Protestant Episcopal Church 
of the Atonement. 

Westward from Logan Square, at Race and Twentieth Streets, 
occupying spacious grounds and buildings, is the Pennsylvania Insti- 
tution for the Instruction of the Blind, founded in 1833, near which, at 
Twentieth and Cherry Streets, is St. Clement's Protestant Episcopal 
Church, a beautiful Gothic edifice of brown-stone, externally festooned 
with ivy vines, and handsomely decorated within. This church is 
recognized as the distinctively "high" church of the city, is much 
visited by strangers, and is reached from the eastern part of the city 
by the cars on Vine, Arch, or Market Streets, stopping at Twentieth 
Street. The cars of the Traction line, from the north-west and south, 
also pass near this church on Nineteenth and Twentieth Streets, and 
the Pine Street cars for Fairmount convey passengers to its imme- 
diate vicinity. Near here are also the Second Reformed Presbyterian 
Church, at Twentieth and Vine Streets ; and the Church of the Re- 
demption (Protestant Episcopal), at Twenty-second and Callowhill 
Streets. 



VIII. 



Washington Square and Vicinity. 

Washington Square, one of the five principal parks designated 
by William Penn as pleasure grounds for the inhabitants of his 
"great town," is a prettily laid out common of six acres, extending 
south and west from the corner of Sixth and Walnut Streets, adjoin- 
ing Independence Square diagonally, and, like it, well-shaded with a 
variety of trees. Once a fashionable section of the city, it was in its 
early history surrounded by spacious residences, which are now prin- 
cipally devoted to lawyers' offices and kindred purposes, many of 
them having been remodelled or superseded by new buildings adapted 
to the changed condition of the locality. At the south-west corner of 
Walnut and Seventh Streets is located the massive granite building 
of the Philadelphia Saving-Fund Society, a benevolent institution, 
established in 1816, and now holding in trust for its depositors about 
thirteen millions of dollars. Oppo- - - - -,^^ 
site this institution, at 721 Walnut 
Street, is the Real Estate Investment 
Company of Philadelphia, an incor- 
porated company, having a paid-up 
capital of |2o0,000 and possessing in 
its corporate capacity the powers 
and exercising the functions of a real 
estate broker and attorney. Its busi- 
ness is principally dealing in real 
estate and attending to such of the 
interests of its clients as grow out 
of real estate transactions, including 
the collection of rents (of which some 
1100,000 per annum pass through its 
hands) and the receipt and disburse- 
ment, as attorney', of all manner of 
funds pertaining to dealing in real 
estate. The stock of this concern pays a dividend of six per cent., 
and is much sought after as an investment. Its president is Mr. John 

99 




WASHINGTON SQUARE AND VICINITY. 101 

J. Ridgwaj^, ex-sheriff of Philadelphia, and for many years a promi- 
nent member of the bar. Fronting the Square, on the north-west 
corner of Walnut and Seventh Streets, are the rooms of the Pennsyl- 
vania Bible Society, established in 1808. On the east side of the 
square, at 219 South Sixth Street (corner of Adelphi Street), is the 
Athenaeum Library and Reading-Room (an institution organized for 
literary pursuits in 1814), whose brown-stone building, in the Palla- 
dian style of architecture, presents an attractive appearance. In this 
building, in addition to the belongings of the Athenaeum Society, is 
kept the Law Association Library, a very complete collection of works 
of reference for members of the legal profession. 

A half-square south of the Athenaeum, at the north-west corner 
of Sixth and Spruce Streets, is the old Roman Catholic Church of the 
Holy Trinity (German), with its quaint exterior, but not unattractive 
within. A century ago (1789) this church was dedicated to the use 
of the German Catholics. A small burying-ground is attached, and 
in its vaults the body of Stephen Girard once rested. A parish 
school, known as the Holy Trinity School, is attached to this church, 
for which a substantial brick building, with a conspicuous tower, has 
lately been erected. 

A square to the westward, at the south-west corner of Spruce and 
Seventh Streets, occupying a large building of brick, is St. Joseph's 
Female Orphan Asylum, conducted by the Sisters of Charity. This 
institution was established in 1807, for the reception of orplian girls 
of from four to seven years of age, of which some two thousand have 
since been furnished with homes gratuitously. They usually remain 
until about fourteen years of age. 

Fronting Washington Square on the south, at the corner of 
Seventh Street, is the present edifice of the First Presbyterian Church, 
a society organized under the name of Independents, in 1698, and tlie 
first of that name formed in Pennsylvania. This building was 
erected in 1822, is of brick, rough-cast, having a front of seventy-five 
feet, with a fine portico, and a depth of one hundred and forty feet. 
It is noted as having been the scene of the pastoral labors of several 
distinguished clergymen, among the most celebrated of whom was 
the Rev. Albert Barnes, the eminent biblical scholar and theologian, 
who, for nearly forty years, ministered to this people. Near this 
church, at the south-west corner of Washington Square, is an entrance 
to the Orange Street Friends' Meeting, the principal entrance to which 
is, as its name implies, on Orange Street, above Seventh. At the 



102 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

south-east corner of Eighth and Locust Streets is the home of the 
Penn Club, an association of literary and professional gentlemen ; and 
on Locust Street, above Eighth, is located Musical Fund Hall, — the 
proi^erty of the Musical Fund Society, — once one of the most fashion- 
able concert-rooms in Philadelphia, and still considered second to none 
in the excellence of its acoustic properties. The near vicinity of this 
Hall is reached by the cars which pass up Walnut Street and down 
Cliestnut Street to Eighth, and by the Traction Company's cars 
which run down Seventh Street and up Ninth. The cars of the 
Sx^ruce and Pine Streets line, from Gray's Ferry, and from Fairmount? 
also pass near here on Spruce Street. Less than a square from this 
Hall, on Eighth Street above Spruce, stands the well-known St. 
Andrew's Protestant Episcopal Church, with its Corinthian portico of 
columns supporting a pediment. This church was erected in 1822-23, 
and has since reckoned among its rectors such eminent clergymen as 
the Rev. G. T. Bedell, the Rev. Thomas M. Clark (Bishop of Rhode 
Island), and the Rev. William Bacon Stevens, the late Bishop of 
Pennsylvania. 

Near here, occupying the square bounded by Spruce, Pine, Eighth, 
and Ninth Streets, the principal public entrance being on Eighth 
Street, are the extensive grounds and buildings of the 
Pennsylvania Hospital, an institution whose long and 
distinguished career of usefulness and benevolence en- 
title it to more than a passing notice. 

In 1750 a number of benevolent persons applied to the Provincial 
Assembly for a charter for a hospital. The credit of originating the 
movement is due to Dr. Thomas Bond, at that time one of the most 
distinguished physicians of 
the city. Benjamin Frank- "in the yeae of christ 

T , MDCCLV. 

liii highly approved the pro- george the second happily reigning 

loot qnd subsennentlv se- ^^^^ ^^ sought the happiness of his people), 
jeci, ciLLu bLiutet;qut;iiLij »e Philadelphia flourishing 

cured the charter, which was (for its inhabitants were public-spirited), 

' . this building, 

granted in 1751, in which by the bounty op the government, 

vear a few benevolent ner- ^^^ °^ ^^^^ private persons 

yecii d lew ueiit;\uiem/ pei was piously founded 

sons rented a private house, for the relief of the sick and miserable. 

^ ' MAY THE GOD OF MERCIES 

the residence of Judge John bless the undertaking." 

Kinsey, on the south side of 

Market Street, above Fifth, and there first established the hospital in 
1752. In December, 1754, the square of ground, four and a quarter 
acres, except a portion which was given by the proprietors, Thomas 



Pennsylvania 
Hospital. 



WASHINGTON SQUARE AND VICINITY. 103 

and Richard Penn, was bought for five hundred pounds ; this lot at 
that time was far out of town. On the 28th of May, 1755, the corner- 
stone of the present noble structure was laid, with the accompanying 
inscription prepared by Franklin. In December, 1756, patients were 
admitted, but it was not until 1800 that the hospital was finished 
according to the original plan. 

Since the hospital was first opened nearly one hundred and seven- 
teen thousand patients have been admitted within its walls. Its 
benefits have not been confined to the native-born. During the last 
ten years, of more than nineteen thousand admissions, only eight 
thousand five hundred were born in the United States. Medical and 
surgical cases are alike received, and any case of accidental injury, 
if brought within twenty-four hours, is received without question. 
This institution is, and always has been, the great "accident hos- 
jDital" of this large and ever-increasing manufacturing city. 

The first clinical lectures on medicine and surgery in America 
were given in this hospital, and these have been continued up to this 
present every Wednesday and Saturday morning. 

The splendid medical library, containing nearly fifteen thousand 
volumes, has been collected from the fees paid by the students for the 
privilege of attending these demonstrations. 

The department for out-door relief relieves annually many thou- 
sands of sick and injured poor. A large and valuable pathological 
museum also adds to the efficiency of the medical instruction. 

There are eight attending surgeons and physicians, and four resi- 
dent physicians, also a female superintendent of nurses (who gradu- 
ate after a year's service), and an ambulance and telephone service. 

The proper care of the insane was among the important objects 
sought to be accomplished by the establishment of the Pennsylvania 
Hospital. Until the year 1841 the insane were cared for in the parent 
hospital at Eighth and Pine Streets, when they were removed to tlie 
hospital building which had been erected on the premises between 
Market Street and Haverford Avenue and Forty-second and Forty- 
ninth Streets. 

Opposite the grounds of the Pennsylvania Hospital, on the north 
side of Spruce Street, between Eighth and Ninth Streets, is an old- 
time burial ground, alongside of which, at the corner of Ninth and 
Spruce, partially obscured by the customary brick-wall, is a quaint 
old Friend's Meeting-house, bearing unmistakable evidences of 
antiquity. 



IX. 

Franklin Square and Vicinity. 

Franklin Square, one of the five original parks dedicated to 
public use by William Penn, and named from its relative locality 
No7'th-East Square, extends from Vine Street on the north to Race 
Street on the south, and from Sixth Street on the east to Franklin 
on the west, covering an area of over seven acres. It is well kept 




FOUNTAIN IN FRANKLIN SQUARE. 

and finely shaded by large trees, and has a beautiful fountain in 
the centre. Street-cars from almost all sections of the city pass near 
Franklin Square ; the Fifth and Sixth Streets line, from the extreme 
north and south, the Race and Vine, from Fairmount and from the 
Exchange at Third and Dock Streets, the Arch Street line, from both 
104 



FRANKLIN SQUARE AND VICINITY. 



105 



the east and west (passing at Seventh and Arch Streets), the Ridge 
Avenue hne (also passing at Seventh and Arch), and various branches 
of the Traction hne, vliicli, going southward, converge on Seventli 
and Franliihn Streets, and, going northward, pass up Ninth Street, 
togetlier with the Eightli Street hne and the Callowhill Street hne, 
all convej^ passengers near to this point. 

Formerly the vicinity of Franklin Square was not without its 
claims as a desirable section for residences, of which there w^re many 
of the better class ; but of late these have principally given place to 

business-houses, g e n- 
erally of minor impor- 
tance. Conspicuous 
among the present at- 
tractions of this local- 
ity is the handsome 
hall of the Young 
Maennerchor (at Sixth 
and Vine Streets), an 
association founded in 
1852 and incorporated 
in 1869 "for the pro- 
motion of artistic taste 
in general and of vocal 
music in particular, by 
the practice and per- 
formance of sacred and 
secular music, and the 
establishment of a 
school for gratuitous 
instruction in singing 
and music." Seventy male and seventy female voices constitute the 
present choral strength of this society, and among its trophies it 
numbers a first prize won in New York in 1852, second prizes won 
in New York in 1865 and in Baltimore in 1869, and a first prize won 
in the latter city in 1888. The Society has a contributing membership) 
of seven hundred, with twelve Honorary and twenty Life Members, 
and owns property of the estimated value of $100,000. A square 
west, at the corner of Seventh and Vine Streets, is the Alexis Club, a 
social organization, and on Franklin Street above Vine is the neat 
Gothic First Moravian Church, of brick, rough-cast, erected in 1855-56. 

7 




HAIili OF THE YOUNG M^NNERCHOB. 



106 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

Fronting the Square on the west side, below Vine Street, is the 
Zion Lutheran Church (German), witli its parisli school, and on 
Seventli Street, below Race, is the Hebrew synagogue Mikhve Israel, 
whose congregation is said to be the oldest of its faith in the city. 
Just below Sixth Street, on Race (No. 516), is the armory and hall of 
the National Guards, a military organization which dates its existence 
from about 1835, and which, since its honorable record in the civil 
war, is known as the Second Regiment. Nearly opposite this armory 
is St. John's Lutheran Church, erected in 1808, — a fine brick structure, — 
long the most noted church of its denomination in the city. A 
square away, on the east side of Crown Street, between Race and Vine 
Streets, is the old-time Jewish House of Israel, near which, fronting 
on Fourth Street, below Vine, with its grounds and parish buildings, 
extending through to Crown Street, is St. Augustine's Roman Catholic 
Church, with a steeple one hundred and eighty-eight feet high. This 
building, erected (1846) on the site of the original St. Augustine's, 
which was burned down during the native American riots, is exter- 
nally a plain brick structure, but is elaborately decorated within. Op- 
posite to it is St. George's Methodist Episcopal Church, once a popular 
house of worship. Three squares to the north, near the junction of 
York Avenue and Fifth and Buttonwood Streets, stand, amid iDleas- 
ant surroundings, churches of several denominations ; the Fourth 
Baptist, on Fifth Street, erected in 1854-55, of brick, rough-cast, with 
a semi-circular portico front, and a steeple one hundred and eighty- 
eight feet high ; the Advent (Protestant Episcopal), on York Avenue ; 
the Northern Liberties Presbyterian, a plain, rough-cast building, on 
Buttonwood above Fifth, and the Fifth Street Methodist, with a plain 
front of green-stone, on the west side of Fifth Street, below Green. 
At Sixth and Noble Streets, on grounds extending from Sixth to 
Marshall Streets, is the Orthodox Friend's Meeting-House, of the 
Northern District, and at No. 451 North Ninth Street is the Swedish 
Zion Church (Lutheran). On Sixth Street below Race (No. 140) is 
an Odd Fellows' Hall, a rough-cast, four-story brick 
building, with a front of sixty-two feet on Sixth Street, 
and a depth of one hundred feet. It contains a Grand 
Lodge Room, rooms for subordinate lodges, and a library. 

The Arch Street Theatre, a short distance above Sixth Street (No. 
613 Arch Street), is one of the best-known standard places of amuse- 
ment in the city, and is accessible by the Arch Street and Ridge 
Avenue cars, which pass the door, and by various other lines which 



Odd Fel- 
lows' Hall. 



FRANKLIN SQUARE AND VICINITY. 



107 



Arch Street 
Theatre. 



lead to the immediate vicinity. The interior arrangements of the 
theatre are excellent, — the auditorium being capable of 
seating some eighteen hundred persons, and the stage 
dimensions being ample for the accommodation of ordi- 
nary theatrical representations. The building was erected in 1828, and 
has a marble front in the Italian style. At the south-west corner of 
Arch and Fifth Streets is located, in the old meeting-house of the Free 
Quakers (the "Fighting Quakers" of the Revolution), 
the Apprentices' Library, established in 1820, "for the 



Apprentices' 
Library. 



use of apprentices and other young persons, without 



charge of any kind for the use of books," and now containing a free 
reading-room and a library- of from twenty five to thirty thousand 

volumes, selected 
with special care for 
boj's and girls. On 
the opposite side of 
Fifth Street from 
this library, in 
Christ Church bury- 
ing- -ground, and 
ver^' near the corner 
of Fifth and Arch 
Streets (as may be 
seen recorded upon 
a flat-stone, through 
a palisade railing set 
in the brick-wall), lie 
the remains of Ben- 
jamin Franklin and 
his wife Deborah. 
Many other distin- 
guished citizens lie 
buried in this 
ground, the resting 
places of some of 
whom are marked 
by monuments. The vicinity of Franklin Square, in other directions, 
possesses few attractions beyond the stately business-houses that have 
lately been erected, both on Arch Street and on some of the cross- 
streets. At Arch and Sixth are several lofty structures of compara- 




FRANKLIN'S GRAVE. 



108 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

tively recent erection, while from Seventh Street westward on Arch, 
attractive establishments are not infrequent. 

On Eiglith Street, above Race (Nos. 211-217 N. Eighth), is the site 
of the new Bijou Theatre, a variety house witli a seating capacity of 
about fifteen liundred, said to liave been built with special regard for 
safety and comfort ; and a half-square above, on the same side of 
Eighth (No. 256), is Forepaugh's Theatre. Three squares away, at 
I the intersection of Ridge Avenue, Tenth and Callow- 
hill Streets, stands the well-known National Theatre, 
to which convenient access is had by street cars from 
all directions ; from the north and south by the Tenth and Eleventh 
Streets line ; from both the east and west by the cars on Callowhill 
Street, which pass the Theatre ; from Girard College and the Market 
Street Ferries by the Ridge Avenue line, and from other sections by 
the cars of the Traction line, which pass up Ninth and down Seventh. 



National 
Theatre. 




H 


ires 


; & Co., 


PATENTS 


Bulkley, Ward 


Limited, 


For Inventions and Designs. 
Trade-Marks, Copyrights, 


& Co., 


Plate and Window 


etc., procured. Call or 

send for circular of 

instructions. 


PAPER, 


Glass, 


John A. Wiedersheim, 


14 and 16 


720 Filbert Stree^. 


917 and 919 Chestnut Street, 
Philadelphia. 


S. Seventh St. 


Rich'd Levick's Son 
& Co., 


Refrigerators. 


Adam Everly, 


720 Chestnut Street, 


Ridgway 


Real 


Philadelphia, 


Refrigerator 


Estate, 


Manufacturers of 


Manufacturing Co., 




Rubber Goods 


Limited, 


' 


Of every description. 


7 


737 


Send for prices. 


813 and 815 Arch St. 


Walnut St. 


^^^^ Revolving 


S. H. Ouint&Son, 


Joseph Fowler & Co. 




^m 


Book Cases 


'^ 


•/ L 


S 


H 


Manufactured 


Stencil, 


Manufacturer of 




H 


by the 


Rubber Stamps, 


Shirts, 




m 


John Danner 
Mfg. Co., 


Badges, and Checks, 


Collars, 


^^^^^^^^^^ Canton, Ohio. 


14 South Fourth St., 


and Cuffs, 


For sale by 






J. B. Lippincott Co., Philada. 


Philadelphia, Pa. 


403 Market Street. 


Henry Troemner, 


Young & Sons, 


Westcott&Thomson's 


Manufacturer of 




Stereotype 


Fine Scales and 


Surveying 
Instruments, 


and Electrotype 
Foundry, 


Weiorhts, 






fe> ' 




710 Filbert Street, 


710 Market Street, 


43 North Seventh St., 


Philadelphia. 




Phila 


delphia. 


Philadelphia. 


George Thomson. 



Baldwin 

Locomotive 

Works. 



Broad and Spring Garden Streets and Vicinity. 

The viciuity of Broad and Spring Garden Streets, now for decades 
devoted to a class of industries which have made the locahty famous, 
is still the home of many of those gigantic concerns which years ago 
gave it its reputation. Here, prominent among their surroundings, 
and eminently worthy of their world-wide fame, are the Baldwin 
Locomotive Works, now under the proprietorship of 
Burnham, Parry, Williams & Co., a vast enterprise 
founded early in the present century by Mathias W. 
Baldwin, a native of New Jersey, who, a jeweller and 
silversmith by trade, finally engaged with David Mason as partner 
in the manufacture of bookbinders' tools and C3'linders for calico- 
printing. The growth of their business making necessary the in- 
troduction of steani-x)ower, an engine was bought, which proving 
unsatisfactory, Mr. Baldwin decided to design and construct one 
whicli should be specially adapted to the requirements of their shop. 
The first attempt of Mr. Baldwin as an engine-builder was emi- 
nently successful, and, by directing his attention to steam engi- 
neering, led the way to the later and greater successes which he 
achieved as a builder of locomotives and to the founding of the 
immense industry that now so honorably perpetuates his name. Tlie 
works occupy over nine acres of ground and employ about three 
thousand men, and have a present capacity equal to ten locomotives 
a week. In 1889 the concern made their ten thousandth locomotive. 
This locality, indeed, teems with industrial establishments. At 
Sixteenth and Hamilton Streets, extending from Sixteenth to Seven- 
teenth, is the extensive machine-tool manufactory of William Sellers 
& Co., founded in 1848 ; and at Sixteenth and Buttonwood Streets are 
the Bush Hill Iron- Works, whose specialty is the i)roduction of boilers 
and heavy furnace equipments. East of Broad Street this immediate 
locality is covered with concerns of kindred character, the close 
proximity of the Reading Railroad, whose main line has its terminal 
station here, rendering this point, by its convenience for shipping, 
especially desirable for establishments engaged in the manufacture of 

111 



School 

of Industrial 

Art. 



112 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

heavy products. Among these is the concern of Hoopes & Town- 
send, whose office is at 1330 Buttonwood Street, but whose premises 
extend to Broad Street, and wliose products (bolts, nuts, screws, etc.), 
manufactured under some secret process, are claimed to possess su- 
perior points of excellence. Even the institutions of learning in this 
vicinity partake largely of a character calculated to cultivate a taste 
for industrial pursuits. At No. 1336 Spring Garden Street are the 
class-rooms of " The Pennsylvania Museum and School 
of Industrial Art," an institution incorporated in 1876, 
"with a special view to the development of the art 
industries of the State." Here is given instruction in 
drawing from casts and models ; in wood-carving ; in weaving and 
textile design, including the construction of looms ; in chemistrj^ and 
dyeing ; in decorative painting, including the grinding and prepara- 
tion of colors ; in modelling, etc. Pupils are graduated at this school 
on completion of the regular prescribed course of study in the several 
branches, besides which there are special courses for those who wish 
to pursue j)articular studies, for proficiency in which certificates are 
given. Connected with this institution is the museum at the Memo- 
rial Hall, in Fairmount Park. At the north-east corner of Broad and 
Spring Garden Streets stands the building of the Spring Garden Insti- 
tute, a semi-charitable institution, which maintains a library and free 
reading-room, courses of free lectures and entertain- 
ments, night-schools in drawing and mechanical handi- 
work at a nominal fee, and day-schools in drawing 
and painting at a charge to pupils of about the cost 
of maintenance. The report for 1888 sliows that there were six 
hundred and sixty-one pupils in the schools, of whom -five hundred 
and thirty-six belonged to the night classes, and that the library 
was visited by eighteen thousand and eleven readers during the 
year. One square north, at the south-east corner of Broad and 
Green Streets, is the Central High- School, for boys, a plain brick 
structure, erected in 1854, and having, besides the usual class-rooms, 
an observatory, which is provided with a set of astronomical instru- 
ments. About six hundred and fifty students attend this school, and 
on, the completion of the prescribed four years' course, the degree of 
A.B. is conferred upon the graduates. A companion institution to 
this, but more recently founded, is the Girls' Normal School, three 
squares west at Seventeenth and Spring Garden Streets, a spacious 
structure of green-stone, five stories high, and capable of accommo- 



Spring 

Garden 

Institute. 



BROAD AND SPRING GARDEN STREETS AND VICINITY. 113 

dating some fifteen hundred pupils. Adjoining this, and under the 
same management, is a School of Practice (in the art of teaching) of 
about six hundred members, making a total of over two thousand 
scholars under one administration. Two squares south of this insti- 
tution, at Seventeenth and Wood Streets, is the Manual Training 
School, a department of the public school system of Philadelphia, 
established in 1885, "to afford to pupils who have finished the gram- 
mar-school course the opportunity not only to pursue the usual High- 
School course in literature, science, and mathematics, but also to re- 
ceive a thorough course in drawing, and in the use and application 
of tools in the industrial arts," The prescribed order of exercises is 
to give "one hour per day to drawing, two hours to shop-work, and 
three hours to the usual academic studies," 

On Broad Street, at the corner of Callowhill, is the armory of the 
First Regiment National Guards of Pennsjdvania, a castellated Gothic 
building three stories in height. The base of the structure is of rock- 
face mason work surmounted by walls of brick, the trimmings to the 
windows and doors, etc., being of dressed stone. The principal en- 
trance on Broad Street is flanked by two towers rising to a height of 
one hundred and twentj^ feet. The front or main building is sixty- 
five by one hundred and thirtj'-cight feet, and contains officers' rooms, 
and companies' rooms, squad drill-room, drum-corjis room, kitchen, 
and billiard-room, besides dressing-rooms and store-rooms. The drill- 
room on the first floor is one hundred and thirty-nine by one hun- 
dred and fifty-five feet, with gun-racks at the eastern end, and a 
gallery for visitors at the western end. The establishment, including 
the price of the lot— $80,000— represents a total cost of $200,000, and is 
complete in all its appointments. 

Churches of the various denominations abound in this locality. 
On the north-east corner of Broad and Green Streets is the North Broad 
Street Presbyterian Church, a handsome brown-stone- building, with a 
steeple two hundred and twenty-two feet high ; adjoining this, on 
the north, is the Hebrew Synagogue, Rodef Shalom, a fine specimen 
of Saracenic architecture, built of stone of various colors, with ele- 
gant interior finish, and a tower one hundred and twenty-five feet 
high. On Mount Vernon Street, east of Broad, is the Ebenezer Baptist 
Church, and three s(|uares northward, on Broad Street, at the corner 
of Brown, is the Broad Street Baptist Church, of stucco finish. On the 
north-east corner of Broad Street and Fairmount Avenue is the fine 
new Park Theatre, gorgeous in its appointments of new furniture and 



BROAD AND SPRING GARDEN STREETS AND VICINITY. 115 

frescoed ceilings, and capable of seating two thousand two hundred 
persons. Opposite this theatre, on the west side of Broad Street, just 
above Fairmount Avenue, is tlie Central Presbyterian Church, with a 
massive brown-stone front, adorned witli polished Aberdeen granite 
pillars flanking the windows. Adjoining this church, at No. 700 
North Broad Street, is the North Broad Street Select School for Young 
Men and Boys, whose principal, George Eastburn, A.M., an alumnus 
of Yale, educated with the sole view of devoting his life to the pro- 
fession of teaching, has unquestionably succeeded in creating one of 
the best schools preparatory for business or college in the city. As- 
sociated with him as lecturers, besides his regular faculty of teachers, 
are Joseph Thomas, LL.D., the eminent linguist and historian ; 
Samuel B. Howell, M.D., Professor of Geology in the University of 
Pennsylvania, and Charles W. Seltzer, M.D., who, in addition to his 
lectures on anatomy, physiology and hygiene, holds the position of 
Director of Physical Training in the school. At Mount Vernon and 
Fifteenth Streets stands the elegant new edifice of the Trinity Metho- 
dist Church, designed by Theophilus P. Chandler, a Gothic structure 
of blue marble, rock-finished, having a seating capacity of seven 
hundred and fifty, and erected at a cost of about |50,000. On the 
south side of Green Street, between Fifteenth and Sixteenth, is Christ 
Church, of the denomination once called the German Reformed, but 
now officially known as "The Reformed Church in the United 
States." Other churches in tlie immediate vicinity of Broad and 
Spring Garden Streets are the St. Mark's Lutheran Church, on the 
south side of Spring Garden Street, above Tliirteenth, a handsome 
structure, witli a brown-stone front and a steeple two hundred and 
twenty-five feet high ; St. Philip's (Protestant Episcopal), on the 
north side of Spring Garden, between Tliirteenth and Broad Streets, 
and the Roman Catholic Church of thv; Assumption, a handsomely 
decorated, brown-stone, Gothic building, with high towers and spires, 
which give it an imposing appearance. Opposite the last-named, on 
the north-west corner of Twelfth and Spring Garden Streets, stands 
the Spring Garden National Bank, an attractive structure of white- 
marble, with a capital of §750,000. An interesting industrial estab- 
lishment, at the south-east corner of Broad and Wallace Streets, is 
the paper-bag manufactory of Edwin J. Howlett & Son, with a plant 
of twenty of the latest improved machines, capable of producing one 
and a half million paper-bags a day ; the business requires the employ- 
ment of nearly one hundred persons. 




FACTORY, S. E. CORNER BROAD AND WALLACE STREETS. 




\ V 1 



Clyde's Lines 

Between New York, Phila- 
delphia, Jacksonville, Fer- 
nandina, Fla., Hayti, Santo 
Domingo, Wilmington, N.C., 
Charleston, S C, Richmond 
and Norfolk, Va. 

Wm. P. Clyde & Co. 

Philadelphia, 12 S. Wharves. 
New York, 5 Bowling Green. 



Chas.W. Kolbe, 



Surgical Instruments. 

Apparatus for Deformities, 

Trusses, etc. 

Artificial Limbs. 



15 South Ninth St., 

Philadelphia, Pa. 



William McCausland 

Manufacturer of 

Fine Saddlery and 
Harness, 

21 North Eleventh Street, 
Philadelphia. 

Chicago Agency, 
527, 529, and 531 N. Clark St. 



SPOOL SILK 




Made by 

Brainerd & Armstrong 



Shipping Tags 
and Labels of all kinds. 

Dennison 

Manufacturing 

Co. 

630 Chestnut Street, 
Philadelphia. 



Always use 

Esterb rook's 
Steel Pens. 

All the popular styles. 
All stationers have them. 

Esterbrook Steel Pen Co., 
26 John St., New York. 

Works, Camden, N.J. 



W. J. McCandless 
& Co., 

Sanitary 
Plumbers, 

716 Walnut Street, 
Philadelphia. 



The Kelsey Oriental 
Bath Co., Limited. 

H. W. Kelsey, Manager. 

Turkish and 
Russian Baths 

1 104 Walnut Street, 
Philadelphia. 



Marvin 
Safe Company, 

723 Chestnut Street, 
Philadelphia. 

E. M. Dering, Manager. 



Household 
Sewing Machines. 

N. D. Stoopes & Co., 
17 S. Eighth St. 



Needles, parts, attachments 
for ALL machines. 



M. C.Anderson, 

52 North Second St., 
Philadelphia, 

Stoves, Heaters, 
Ranges, 

Grates and Open Fire Places, 
Vapor and Oil Stoves, 
Cooking Utensils, etc. 

Repairing a Specialty. 



Geo. B. Bains & Sons 

Manufacturers of 

Trunks, 
Bags, and 
Satchels, 



402 and 404 Market St. 

and 1028 Chestnut St 



XI. 

South Broad Street and Vicinity. 

That section of Broad Street extending southward from Pine 
Street, and known to Philadelphians as South Broad, possesses, witli 
its vicinity, only to a moderate degree tliose splendid architectural 
improvements that characterize the central and northern sections of 
that thoroughfare, though here and there through the entire extent 
of the built-up portions handsome churches and other public institu- 
tions and comfortable dwellings (some of the latter embodying a good 
degree of elegance) are found. In the square on Broad Street from 
Lombard to South Streets are some striking examples of a more or 
less lavish expenditure in the construction of private mansions, and 
thereabouts are numerous churches of various denominations, gen- 
erally of styles in which neatness combined with a commendal)le 
degree of economy is the leading characteristic. At the north-west 
corner of Broad and Lombard Streets is the temporary home of the 
Philadelphia Polyclinic and College for Graduates in Medicine, whose 
spacious new building, now in course of erection, on Lombard Street, 
between Eighteenth and Nineteenth, promises to furnish accommo- 
dations adequate to the wants of this growing institution. The 
building will have a front on Lombard Street of sandstone, brick, 
and terra-cotta, ninety-six feet in extent by a depth of eighty feet, 
will be four stories high, and will embrace on its several floors a main 
hall, to be used as a waiting-room for patients, several clinic-rooms, a 
lecture-room, physiological, chemical, and microscopical laboratories, 
wards and rooms for private patients, and convenient general apart- 
ments for the use of the physicians and other attendants. Tlie esti- 
mated cost of the building and ground is about $100,000. Opposite 
the present college-building, at the south-west corner of Broad and 
Lombard Streets is the Associate Presbyterian Church, of brick, rough- 
cast, with marble base and trimmings, and on Lombard Street, at the 
corner of Juniper, is the Salem Methodist Episcopal Church, a neat 
plain structure. The Fourth Presbyterian, a plain, rough-cast, brick 
building, stands at Twelfth and Loml^ard Streets, near which, on 
South Street below Twelfth, is the Standard Theatre (Variety), a plain 

119 



Howard 
Hospital. 



120 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

brick, easily reached from the south by the cars on Eleventh Street, 
from the north by the cars on Twelfth, and from other directions by 
the cars on Pine, Lombard, and South Streets. On the west side of 
Broad Street below South is the neat granite Gothic Church of the 
Ascension (Protestant Episcopal), and a short distance south, at Broad 
and Fitzwater Streets, stands the imposing Westminster Presbyterian 
Church, a brick edifice with two towers on the front. Two squares 
east, at Twelfth and Fitzwater, is the quaint old stone All Saints' 
Church (Protestant Episcopal), adjoining which is the Southern Home 
for Destitute Children. On the east side of Broad near Catharine is 
the large and well-attended Roman Catholic Church of St. Theresa, 
with its convent and commodious parish school, and at the corner of 
Broad and Catharine is that excellent institution the Howard Hospital 
and Infirmary for Incurables, founded in 1854, under the 
name of the "Western Clinical Infirmary," its present 
name having been adopted five years later. An average 
of about five thousand patients are registered at this hospital per 
annum, over two hundred thousand having been treated here since 
its foundation. At Fifteenth and Christian Streets stands the Eighth 
United Presbyterian Church, a Gothic structure of brown-stone, with 
colored glass windows, and at Broad and Christian is the Broad 
Street Methodist Episcopal Church, a plain but not unattractive 
building. 

On the east side of Broad Street, occupying the grounds bounded 
by Broad, Christian, Thirteenth, and Carpenter Streets, stands, in a 
kind of solitary grandeur, the colossal granite edifice 
known as the Ridgway Branch of the Philadelphia 
Library, a bequest by the late Dr. James Bush to the 
Library,— a magnificent gift, embodying the proceeds of an estate 
of an aggregate value of about one million dollars, but so unfortu- 
nately located as to be little more than a stupendous monument 
to the possible t^nwisdom that may attach to the execution of a 
benevolent act. The institution was named in the will of the 
donor in honor of his wife (the daughter of Jacob Ridgway, a 
wealthy Philadelphia merchant), from whom he received the major 
portion of the estate thus bequeathed. The building is finely ap- 
pointed within, and is made the receptacle of the less used books and 
treasures of the Library, besides which, in a room set apart for the 
purpose, are kept certain costly articles of furniture which once be- 
longed to Madam Rush, and in another apartment is contained the 



Ridgway 
Library. 







m 



^in 






i!iiiiii!;^ 



'^\')W 



-MB 



mm 



?!?'» 









V 



,JP 



11 



.,;,•' 



Jno. M. Melloy's 
Sons, 

Manufacturers of Japanned, 
Stamped, and Plain ^ 

Tin Ware, 

029 Market Street. 



Joseph Fussell & Son 

Manufacturers of 

Umbrellas 

and Parasols 

For Fine Trade, 

2, 4, and 6 N. Fourth St., 

Cor. of Market, Phila. 



Job Bird & Son, 

Toys 

and 

Novelties, 

1734 Market St. 



R. R. Brinofhurst 
& Co., 

Undertakers, 

^S N. Eleventh St., 
Philadelphia, Pa. 



For "Something New to Speak," get GARRETT'S 

Best things for Lyceum and Church Enter- 



READINGS 



tainments. Humorous and Dialect Sketches. 
Amateur Dra- 
mas. School 



RECITATIONS 



28 Numbers ready. 

Sold by booksellers. 

Specimen Pages (16 pieces), FREE. Address, 

P. GAKKETT <fe CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 



PLAYS 



James K.Fennell 

Manufacturer of 

Wire 
Work 

Of every description, 

2,6 North Sixth Street 



Zoological 
Garden, 

5th Street and Girard Ave. 

Open 
every 
day. 

Admission, 25 cents. 



MacKellar, Smiths 
& Jordan Co. 

Type 
Foundry, 

606—614 
Sansom Street. 



George F. Smith 

General 

Upholsterer, 

South Eleventh Street. 



Minett & Co., 

Makers of 

Varnishes 

and Japans. 

Offices : 

16 N. Twelfth St., Phila., Pa. 
60 Pearl St., New York. 



Janeway & Co., 

Manufacturers of 

Wall 
Papers, 



Children, 10 cents. | 72° Market Street. 



SOUTH BROAD STREET AND VICINITY. 123 

toinb of Dr. and Mrs. Rush. Two squares south of this point Broad, 
Street is intersected by Washington Avenue, on which are tlie tracks 
and buildings of the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Rail- 
road (now used by the Pennsylvania Railroad for freight purposes*), 
the former extending across the city from the Schuylkill River at 
Gray's Ferry to the Company's wharves on the Delaware. South 
from Washington Avenue the appearance of Broad Street presents 
a marked improvement. Rows of fine dwellings line the street on 
either hand, interspersed with churches and other public edifices. 
On the north-east corner of Broad and Federal is the Church of the 
Messiah (Protestant Episcopal), and in the next square, on the same 
side of Broad Street, is the site of the Holland Memorial Church (Pres- 
byterian), of which only the Chapel has yet been erected. On the east 
side of Broad, near Wharton Street, is the fine Armory of the Third 
Regiment (National Guard of Pennsylvania), nearly opposite which, 
at the corner of Broad and Reed Streets, is the new South Broad 
Street Baptist Church, of brown-stone. Three squares below, on the 
east side of Broad Street, is the Scots Presbyterian Church, a curious 
Gothic structure of green-stone, with light-stone trimmings, and red 
roof, founded (so reads the tablet on its front) in 1771, and rebuilt 
in 1887. 

In this immediate vicinity, on the west side of Broad Street, 
with grounds extending from Mifflin to McKean Streets (Nos. 1900 to 
2000) stands the magnificent St. Agnes's Hospital, a Roman Catholic 
institution, erected through the generosity of leading 
members of that denomination, the principal contribu- 
tors being (as stated on memorial tablets fixed upon tiie 
walls of the main vestibule) Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Drexel, Drs. Andrew 
and Robert Nebinger, Mr. James B. McMinn, and Mrs. Schaeflfer. 
The building, designed in the Romanesque style of architecture, by 
Edwin F. Durang, is divided into nave and side aisles, its numerous 
apartments, embracing, besides commodious wards for patients (so 
arranged as to give a cubic space of twelve hundred feet for each bed), 
a chapel forty feet wide by seventy feet deep, and thirty feet high, a 
set of rooms for the Archbishop and visiting guests, finished in oiled 
cypress wood-work, and neatly frescoed, and a nearly perfect system 
of bath-rooms, lavatories, closets, kitchens, and other necessary appli- 
ances. The institution is carried on by the Tertiary Sisters of St. 
Francis, and is reached by visitors by the Fifteenth Street cars, 
which pass its doors. 



St. Agnes's 
Hospital. 



Methodist 
Hospital. 



124 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

Three squares south of St. Agnes's Hospital, on grounds extend- 
ing from Broad Street to Thirteenth, and from Wolf Street to Ritner 
(Nos. 2300 to 2400 South Broad), is the site of the Methodist Episcopal 
Hospital in the City of Philadelphia, which owes its ex- 
istence to a bequest from Dr. Scott Stewart, a physician 
of Philadelphia, who died in 1881, leaving his estate " as 
a nucleus for the erection of a hospital, to be established in that part 
of the city south of South Street," and "to be under the auspices of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church." The plan of the hospital, designed 
by Mr. Thomas P. Lonsdale, architect, contemplates the erection of 
six pavilions, each a complete hospital in itself, and each having a 
capacity for the accommodation of fifty-six patients. One pavilion 
has already been erected and the building of others will follow as 
rapidly as funds for the purpose can be collected. The office of the 
superintendent of the hospital (Rev. William Swindells, D.D.) is at 
No. 1026 Arch Street, and the hospital site is reached by the Fifteenth 
Street cars, and by a branch connecting with the Fourth and Eighth 
Streets line. South of the Methodist Hospital little remains within 
the city limits, on the line of Broad Street, to be visited or described. 
A stretch of some two miles, occupied on either hand by truck-farms 
and brick-yards, leads to League Island Navy-Yard, in which direction 
there is no public conveyance, — on the Schuylkill River side being 
localities noted for oil refineries and kindred works. Near the junc- 
tion of the Schuylkill and Delaware Rivers, on Penrose Ferry Road, 
is Point Breeze Park, the well-known racing-ground, near which, at 
the mouth of the Schuylkill, are the Girard Point Elevators. East of 
Broad Street, at Tenth and Dickinson Streets and Passyunk Avenue, 
is Moyamensing Prison, a county institution, consisting of a central 
square building, with wings on either hand, and having four hundred 
cells for males, and one hundred for females. Permits for visiting the 
prison are obtained at the Mayor's office, and the cars on Tenth Street 
convey passengers to that point. Near the prison, at the corner of 
Tenth and Dickinson Streets, is the large Roman Catholic Church of 
the Annunciation. 



XII. 

Arch and Tenth Streets and Vicinity. - 

The vicinity of Arch aud Tenth Streets, not many years ago 
among the most desirable semi-fashionable residence sections of the 
city, is of late, under pressure of the demands of business, undergo- 
ing marked changes in its characteristics, the spacious, comfortable 
dwellings gradually being changed into offices or giving place to new 
structures, principally for business purposes. The point is easily ac- 
cessible from all directions ; from the extreme northern and southern 
parts of the city by the cars of the Citizens' Passenger Railway Com- 
pany, on Tenth and Eleventh Streets ; from the north-west by the 
Ridge Avenue cars, which enter Arch Street at Tenth ; from the east 
and west by the cars on Arch Street, and by the Market Street cars 
which pass a square away ; and from the south-west by lines of the 
Traction Company, some of which pass up Ninth Street and others 
down Filbert Street. Here, near the north-west corner of Arch and 
Tenth Streets, is the Continental Theatre, a popular place of entertain- 
ment, and at Ninth and Arch is the Dime Museum, much resorted to, 
especially by the young. The Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, 
chartered in 1821, whose matriculates number over ten thousand 
Pharmaceutical Graduates, of whom over three thou- 
sand have received the degree of Graduates of Phar- 
macy, has its home at No. 145 North Tenth Street, just 
above Arch. On the south side of Arch Street, above Tenth, is the 
Arch Street Presbyterian Church (officially known as the "Fifth Pres- 
byterian"), a brick building erected in 1822, with a spire one hundred 
and sixty-five feet high, and adjoining this church, on the west (No. 
1818 Arch Street), are the Methodist Book-Rooms, the literary and 
business head-quarters of the Philadelphia Conference of the Metho- 
dist Episcopal Church. Here is the office of the "Philadelphia 
Methodist." A large number of business concerns have their agencies 
in this locality, some of which, by the excellence of their manufac- 
tured products, attract more than the mere glance of the passer-by. 
Such is the great variety of office-desks and tables exhibited by 
George Spencer & Co., at No. 926 Arch Street, whose line includes the 
126 



College of 
Pharmacy. 



ARCH AND TENTH STREETS AND VICINITY. 127 

celebrated "Wooteu Rotary Slat- and Roll-Top Desk" (now exten- 
sively used almost everywhere), and whose services have lately been 
called into requisition in the manufacture of an elaborate cabinet 
secretary for the President, to be used in the White House. On ArCh 
Street, above Eleventh (ISTos. 1117 and 1119), are the apartments of 
the Women's Christian Association of Philadelphia, a semi-charitable 
corporate body occupying two old-time mansions, and "having for 
its object the temporal, moral, and religious welfare of women, espe- 
cially young women, who are dependent on their own exertions for 
support." Besides these apartments the Association maintains a 
cottage at Asbury Park, conducted for the benefit of its boarders, and 
has lately been placed in charge of the " Whelen Home for Girls," at 
Bristol, Pennsylvania, erected by Mr. Edward S. Whelen, in memory 
of his deceased wife, and designed as a temporary home for working- 
girls during the heats of summer. 

A few doors above Arch Street, at the corner of Twelfth and Cherry 
Streets, stands the Grace Protestant Episcopal Church, a plain, rough- 
cast structure, built manj" years ago. The cars down Twelfth Street 
pass the door of this church, and the Arch Street and numerous 
other lines lead to its immediate vicinity. 

On Cherry Street, just east of Eleventh, is the First African Baptist 
Church, and in this immediate vicinity, on the north side of Cherry*, 
is the well-known Aimwell School, founded in 1796 by three young 
women, of the Society of Friends, and still supported by the Society 
for the Free Instruction of Female Children. At the south-west corner 
of Cherry and Eleventh Streets stands the new building of one of 
the most purely benevolent institutions of the city, The Lying-in 
Charity, established in 1828, for the assistance and care of deserving 
indigent women, both at their homes and in the wards of the Hos- 
pital. This institution is under the administration of distinguished 
physicians, and ladies of the city well known for their benevolence, 
and during its existence some fifteen thousand poor women have 
been cared for, and more than $175,000 dispensed for their benefit. 
The Charity also maintains a home and school for nurses, to whom 
instruction is given in the practical details of their calling. The new 
building was erected at a cost of over |50,000, 



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XITI. 

Central Delaware-River Front and Vicinity. 

That portion of the city fronting upon the Delaware River which, 
from its location as well as from its comparative importance, may be 
termed the Central River Front, occupies essentially the section of 
the river margin included in the plot M^iich, two hundred years ago, 
William Penu laid out as the site of his "great towne," and which 
extended from Vine Street on the north to South Street on the south, 
a distance of about one mile. Within these limits, in the vicinity of 
the wharves, are now to be found heavy business-houses which oc- 
cujDy all the streets great and small, and here, through the medium 
of their lines of ferry-boats, plying to Camden on the opposite side of 
the river, are the terminal stations of the several railways that con- 
nect Philadelphia with the seashore and intermediate points. Chief 
among these is the station of the West Jersey Railroad, at the foot of 
Westjersej^ Market Street (now controlled by the Pennsylvania 
Railroad. Railroad), by the side of which is the Camden Ferry, 
for the accommodation of teams and passengers other 
than those destined for the cars. Several lines of river-steamers and 
coasting- vessels also have their landings here, the more important of 
the latter being the Clyde Lines (the offices of which are at No. 12 
South Delaware Avenue) and the principal of the former being the 
Ericsson Line, whose vessels leave daily (piers No. 7 North Delaware 
Avenue and No. 28 South Delaware Avenue) for Baltimore, the Bristol 
Line (Columbia and Twilight), daily from Chestnut Street wharf, the 
Trenton Line (Edwin Forrest), daily from Arch Street wharf, the 
Salem (New Jersey) Line (Reybold), daily, except Sundays, from 
Arch Street wharf, besides others of less note. Street-cars, both of 
the cable- and horse-lines, converge at this point; the Traction 
Company's cars bringing passengers hither from West Philadelphia 
and various other sections of the city, and the lines of Callowhill 
Street and Lombard and South Streets meeting at Front and 
Market Streets. Three squares north of the Market Street Ferries 
is lower Vine Street, which derives its chief interest from the fact 
that at Vine Street Wharf, on the Delaware River, is the principal 

129 



130 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Vine Street 
Wharf. 



Philadelphia station of the Camden and Atlantic Railroad, the pioneer 
line that, by its construction to Atlantic City nearly 
two-score years ago, first made conveniently accessible 
to Philadelphia the neighboring sea-coast of New Jersey. 
City railways convey passengers to this station and its surrounding 
locality from all directions ; the Second and Third Streets line pass- 
ing here from the extreme northern and southern sections of the city ; 
the Callowhill Street line from Fairmount, passing to and fro on F^ont 
Street ; the Race Street cars, running to Second and Race Streets ; the 
Green Street cars, going down Fourth ; and the Ridge Avenue and 
Arch Street lines reaching to Second and Arch Streets, three squares 
away. A square above Vine Street Wharf, at the foot of Willow 
Street, is an extensive freight-station of the Philadelphia and Reading 
Railroad, which is connected with the main line of that road by tracks 
up Willow Street to Broad and Callowhill Streets, and with eastern 
freight lines by tracks to Third and Berks Streets. Near this station, 
on Fourth and Crown Streets, above Callowhill, is the extensive 
brewery of John F. Betz & Son, an enormous concern, and at Third 
and Vine Streets, and at No. 331 North Third Street, are respectively 
the National Bank of the Northern Liberties, with a capital of |500,000 
and a surplus of $600,000, and the Consolidation National Bank, whose 
capital and surplus are each |300,000. At the south-east corner of 
Third and Arch Streets is the Union National Bank, and on Arch 
Street, midway between Third and Fourth Streets (Nos. 315 and 317), 
are the City Hotel and the St. Elmo Hotel, directly opposite which, in 
a lot three hundred and sixty by three hundred and sixty six feet in 
extent (the gift of William Penn), stands the oldest Friends' Meeting- 
House in the city, known as the Arch Street Meeting, shaded by large 
old trees and surrounded by a high brick wall. The points on lower 
Arch Street are reached by the Arch Street cars from Fairmount and 
by the Ridge Avenue cars, both of these lines having their eastern 
terminus at Second and Arch Streets, while from almost all sections 
of the city passengers are brought to this immediate vicinity by the 
various lines. 

A short distance below the Market Street Ferries, at Pier No. 8 
South Wharves, midway between Chestnut and Wal- 
nut Streets, is the principal Philadelphia station of the 
Atlantic City division of the Reading Railroad, w^hence 
ferry-boats connect with trains at Kaighn's Point be- 
low, on the opposite side of the Delaware. This station is con- 



Reading's 

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Division. 



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CENTRAL DELAWARE RIVER FRONT AND VICINITY. 133 

veniently reached by the cars on Lombard Street, which pass 
Front and Walnut Streets ; by those on Spruce Street, which run to 
Second and Dock Streets ; by the Chestnut Street cars, whicli run to 
Second Street, and by those of the Traction Hne wliicli, run to Front 
and Market Streets. Near here is the ferrj^ whicli conveys pleasure- 
seekers to Ridgway Park (once called Smith's Island), a noted place 
of resort. 

Prominent among the objects of interest in the vicinity of Front 
and Market Streets is the old Christ Church, on Second Street above 
Market, a unique brick structure on the site of a church erected in 
1695, and itself built in 1727-31 and enlarged at various 
times during the last century. This church is sixty feet 
in width by ninety feet in length, and has a brick tower 
surmounted by a wooden steeple one hundred and ninety feet higli. 
Here in colonial days the royal officers attended public worship, and 
after the Revolutionary War, while Philadelphia was the seat of gov- 
ernment, the President of the United States and other officials occu- 
pied pews in this church. The steeple contains a chime of bells cast 
in London about the middle of the last century. In the grounds 
adjoining the church are the graves of several distinguished men, 
and in the church-yard proper, at Fifth and Arch Streets, many emi- 
nent men have been interred. At No. 223 Market Street is the hand- 
some new Philadelphia office of the National State Bank of Camden, 
nearly opposite which, at No. 216 Market Street, is the office of the First 
National Bank of Camden. On the west side of Third Street, midway 
between Market and Chestnut Streets (No. 22 South Third), is the 
Mechanics' National Bank, whose existence dates from the year 1814, 
and a few doors above Market Street, on North Third (No. 27), is the 
Manufacturers' National Bank, chartered in 1832, — with a front of gran- 
ite, a capital of $935,000, and a surplus of §100,000. At the north-west 
corner of Fourth and Market Streets is the Seventh National Bank, 
nearly opposite which, on the south side of Market (Nos. 408-410), 
stands the new building of the Bell Telephone Company, a solid fire- 
proof structure of brick and iron having a front on Market Street of 
thirty-five feet by a depth of one hundred and fourteen feet to Merchant 
Street. This building is four stories (about seventy-five feet) high, 
the upper stories being accessible by a passenger elevator and flights 
of stairs, the spacious top stor^^, twenty-three feet in height and well 
lighted by windows and skylights, being devoted to the "Telephone 
Exchange," and the entire structure to the purposes of the company. 



134 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



The Corn Exchange National Bank, at the corner of Chestnut and 
Second Streets, chartered in 1858, occupies a spacious brick building, 
near which are the Produce National Bank (No. 104 Chestnut Street) 
and the National Bank of Commerce, whose home is in a plain brown- 
stone structure (No. 209 Chestnut Street) of tasteful appearance. A 
square away, at the corner of Second and Walnut Streets, is the Phila- 
delphia office of the Camden National Bank. Among the most imposing 
edifices in this vicinity is the Commercial Exchange, 
at No. 133 South Second Street, built on the site of 
the "Slate-Roof House," once the home of William 
Penn. Here in the spacious main hall, which occu- 
pies the entire upper floor of the building, meet 
daily (except on Sundays and legal holidays) the 
leading merchants and manufacturers of the city, 
who conduct large business operations by means of 





samples of their pro- 
ducts. In the build- 
ing is a station of the 
Postal-T elegraph 
Cable Company, and frequent re- 
ports of the state of the market, at 
home and abroad, are furnished to 
the Exchange. On the opposite side 
of Second Street is the massive gov- 
ernment warehouse, known as the 
United States Appraiser's Building, 
extending from Second to Dock 

Streets, five stories in height, where imported goods are received from 
the custom-house for appraisement. 

The section of the city lying along the Delaware River southward 



FISH AND PRODUCE BUSINESS, DEIiA- 
WARE AVENUE. 



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CENTRAL DELAWARE-RIYER FRONT AND VICINITY. 



13; 



from Walnut Street is largely devoted to heavy traffic by river and 
by rail, vast amounts of the products of the sea (fish, oysters, etc.) 
and of fruits and vegetables, from neighboring States and foreign 
lands, here finding their entrance into the city, and corresponding 
amounts of merchandise finding their exit from the city through 
the various transportation lines that have their termini here. Indeed, 
the fish and oyster trade principally, the produce business largelj^ 
and the fruit business almost exclusively, find along the wharves 
their natural entrepot. Vast quantities of butter, cheese, vegeta- 
bles, and cured meats are sold both at wholesale and retail ; and 




FISH AND OYSTER BUSINESS (AN INTERIOR). 

in their season the peaches of Maryland and Delaware and the small 
fruits of New Jersey are here displayed in great abundance. Foreign 
fruits are brought by fast steamers in great quantities, rapidity of 
transportation enabling them to be marketed in excellent condition. 
Both fresh vegetables and fruits, however, have to be promptly han- 
dled on arrival, so that by night, as well as by day, the wharves de- 
voted to this trade present a lively scene. 

A great freight depot of the Pennsylvania Railroad extends from 

9 



138 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Walnut street south on Delaware Avenue to near Dock Street, and 
directly opposite the depot are the piers to and from which are floated, 
on barges, the incoming and outgoing freight trains of the West Jersey 
and New York divisions of the Pennsylvania Railroad. At Delaware 
Avenue and Spruce Street is the extensive establishment of the Qua- 
ker City Cold Storage Company, in effect a mammoth refrigerator con- 
structed with all the most approved appliances for the preservation 
of perishable foods, having a front of one hundred feet on Delaware 
Avenue by a depth of one hundred and twenty-five feet on Spruce 
Street. It is seven stories in height, and is arranged for the entrance 
on the first floor of loaded refrigerator cars, 
from which the freights are removed to the 
several apartments of the building. These 







SHAD-FISHING, GLOUCESTER. 

establishments are reached by trains up Delaware Avenue from Wash- 
ington Avenue, the latter crossing the southern section of the city from 
the Schuylkill to the Delaware. At the foot of Pine Street is the pier 
of the well-known Winsor line of steamers for Boston (reached by the 
Lombard Street cars), to which port semi-weekly trips are made, and 
near here, at the foot of South Street, is one of the terminal stations of 
the Atlantic City division of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad, 
whence passengers are conveyed on railroad ferry-boats to Kaighn's 
Point to board the trains for Atlantic City and intermediate places. 
Adjoining this station is the Gloucester Ferry-House, the terminus of 



CENTRAL DELAWARE-RIVER FRONT AND VICINITY. 139 

a ferry- line to Gloucester, New Jersey, a manufacturing city some 
three miles distant, principally celebrated for its shad-fisheries and its 
planked-shad dinners, which, in their season, especialh^ endear the 
place to epicurean Philadelphians. This immediate locality is reached 
from the north and south by the cars of the Second and Third Streets 
line ; from the west by the Spruce Street cars, which run to Third 
and Spruce Streets, and the Lombard Street cars, which run to Front 
Street ; and from the north-west by the Race Street cars, which run 
to Second and Walnut Streets. Xear here, at Tliird and Pine Streets, 
is the famous old St. Peter's Protestant Episcopal Church, erected be- 
fore the Revolutionary War (1758-61) by the vestry and members of 
Christ Churcli, by whom it continued to be governed until 1832. Its 
grounds extend from Third Street to Fourth Street, and contain the 
graves of inany distinguished citizens of the olden time. Opposite 
tlie grounds of St. Peter's (in its church-yard at the south-west corner 
of Fourth and Pine Streets) stands the Third Presbyterian Church, 
familiarly- known as the "Old Pine Street Church," a rough-cast 
brick structure with a Corinthian portico of eight pillars, first opened 
for worship in 1768, and subsequently the scene of the pastoral labors 
of several eminent clergymen. A square distant, on Spruce Street be- 
tween Fourth and Fifth Streets, is the Spruce Street Baptist Church, 
and on Sixth Street, near Lombard, is Bethel Church (African ]Metho- 
dist Episcopal). At No. 420 Lombard Street is the Polish Hebrew 
Synagogue B'Nai Jacob. 




XIV. 

South Delaware-River Front and Vicinity. 

The vicinity of the Delaware River extending from South Street 
to tlie extreme soutliern limit of the built-up portions of the city con- 
tains but a comparatively few objects of interest to the sight-seer, even 
if that vicinity be held to include all the portion of the city east of 
the section of this work entitled " South Broad Street and Vicinity," 
to which the line of Eleventh Street may be considered as a general 
eastern limit. 

Scattered here and there, especially near the bank of the Delaware, 
may be found some heavy industrial works, such as are usually placed 
near navigable waters, prominent among which are the extensive 
sugar refineries of Harrison, Frazier & Co. and E. C. Knight & Co., 
whose lofty buildings, near Front and Bainbridge Streets, are so 
nearly contiguous as to form an almost unbroken group, and whose 
products aggregate some five thousand barrels of refined sugar per 
day. Not far from this group of works, on Queen Street below Third, 
is the Roman Catholic Church of St. Philip de Neri, a brick building 
with stucco finish, and on Catharine Street, near Second, is the South- 
wark Trinity Church (Protestant Episcopal), a plain brick with a stucco 
front and portico consisting of a pediment supported by massive pil- 
lars. Midway between Sixth and Seventh Streets, on Catharine (No. 
619), is St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, a plain but very neat 
brick structure situated in pleasant grounds, and above Seventh Street, 
on Catharine, is the Protestant Episcopal Church of the Evangehsts, a 
fine brick edifice. On Christian Street below Tenth stands St. Paul's 
Roman Catholic Church, of massive proportions, rendered conspicuous 
by its imposing tower, and having on the opposite side of the street a 
neat convent of white marble. In the square from Tenth to Eleventh 
Streets, on the north side of Washington Avenue, is Machpelah Cem- 
etery, a well-kept burial-ground, adjoining which is the Union Metho- 
dist Episcopal Cemetery. In the latter, fronting on Eleventh Street, 
stands the Eleventh Street Methodist Episcopal Church. Other well- 
known burial-grounds in this vicinity are Ronaldson's Cemetery, on 
the west side of Ninth Street, extending from Bainbridge to Fitzwater 
140 



SOUTH DELAWARE-RIVER FRONT AND VICINITY. 141 

Streets ; the Lafayette Cemetery, bounded bj^ Ninth, Tenth, Federal, 
and Wharton Streets ; and the Union Cemetery, bounded by Sixth 
Street, Washington Avenue, and Federal Street. 

Notable among the church edifices in the south-eastern section of 
the city is the Old Swedes' Church [Gloria Dei), which stands on 
Swanson Street, below Christian (near Christian and Second Streets, 
and easily accessible by the cars on the latter), in the old district of 
Southwark, the Wicacoa of the Swedes. This venerable edifice was 
built in 1700, to take the place of a log structure which was erected in 
1677, and served equally well for church or fort, as the exigencies of 
those somewhat uncertain times might demand. The church is of 
brick, and is still regularly used. It stands in a cemetery where 
gravestones of all dates, from 1700 and the years immediately follow- 
ing down to yesterday, may be seen, though most of the stones are 
so weather-worn that their inscriptions are partially or completely 
illegible. A short distance west, on Christian Street above Third, is 
the Ebenezer Methodist Episcopal Church, a plain brick building with 
white marble trimmings. Two squares below the site of the Old 
Swedes' Church, at the foot of AVashington Street, is located a mam- 
moth grain-elevator belonging to the Girard Point Storage Comj^any, 
who have other elevators at Girard Point and Point Breeze, on the 
Schuylkill River. The cars of the Pennsylvania Railroad, crossing 
the city on Washington Avenue, discharge their freight in this eleva- 
tor, and from its stores vessels, Ijing at the wliarf on the Delaware 
River, are loaded bj^ machinery driven by steam. Here also, at the 
foot of Washington Avenue, is the pier (No. 47 South Delaware Ave- 
nue) of the American Steamship Line (now consolidated with the 
Inman and Red Star Lines under the name of the International 
Navigation Company), whose vessels sail for Liverpool on Wednes- 
day of each week. 

In this immediate vicinity, enclosed by Reed, Dickinson, and 
Swanson Streets and the Delaware River, are the grounds (about 
ten acres in extent) of the enormous sugar-refining plant of Claus 
Spreckels, one-half of which, embracing a filter-house, pan-house, 
boiler-house, barrel-factory, machine-shops, and warehouse, is now 
complete and in operation. The buildings are of brick, are about one 
hundred and thirty feet high, and cover an area of six acres. The 
remaining half of the plant will be constructed and put in operation 
during the coming year ; and the completed works will have a capacity 
of fourteen thousand barrels of refined sugar per day. It is expected 



142 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

that the entire cost of the estabhshment will not be less than |6, 000, 000. 
The cars of the Second and Third Streets line, and those of Fourth 
and Eighth Streets afford convenient access to this locality. South- 
ward from Spreckels's concern are isolated localities on the banks of 
the Delaware to which railroad freight tracks extend, and where, in 
addition to such manufacturing enterprises as are there carried on, — 
generally of the less attractive sort, — heavy shipments abroad, of coal 
and kindred products, are made. 

The southern section of the city is by no means devoid of church 
accommodations. At the junction of Third Street with Moyamen- 
sing Avenue and Reed Street is the fine Roman Catholic Church of 
the Sacred Heart, a Gothic edifice of stone, with a high steeple sur- 
mounted by a cross ; and on the north-west corner of Third and Reed 
Streets is the Protestant Episcopal Church of St. John the Evangelist, 
of brown-stone, festooned with ivy. At Washington and Moyamen- 
sing Avenues is the Methodist Episcopal Mariners' Bethel, of green- 
stone with brown-stone trimmings, not far from which, extending 
from Washington Avenue to Federal Street, and from Third to Fourth 
Streets, is Washington Avenue Square, a neatly-kept common shaded 
with young and thrifty trees. Standing on the corner of Fourth and 
Reed Streets is the imposing Roman Catholic Church of St. Alphonsus', 
built of brick, with stucco finish and painted windows, and on Reed 
Street below Eighth is St. Timothy's Protestant Episcopal Church, a 
neat brown-stone in the Gothic style of architecture. Four squares 
away, on Wharton Street below Fifth, is the Lutheran Church of St. 
John, a neat brown-stone structure with a tower on the front. Near 
Fourth Street, on Wharton, is the Wharton Street Methodist Episcopal 
Church, a plain brick edifice, and three squares away, at Sixth and 
Federal Streets, stands the Olivet Baptist Church, of brick with stucco 
finish, and having a semi-circular front supported by pillars. On 
Fourth Street, corner of Carpenter Street is the Emanuel Lutheran 
Church (German), a plain brick structure, with brown-stone trim- 
mings and a tall spire. 



XV. 

North Delaware-Rivek Front and Vicinity. 

The river-front, northward from the Willow Street freight-yards, 
is a scene of almost perpetual business movement upon a large scale. 
Commercial and manufacturing enterprise has here one of its busiest 
seats. It is not an attractive quarter of the city in its aspect to the 
stranger, but thousands of wage-earners here obtain subsistence for 
their families. Great factories seem to be elbowed by lofty warehouses ; 
extensive lumber-yards are flanked by rolling-mills and foundries ; 
and in many of the poorer streets, too often ill-kept and mean, there 
are battered and weather-worn, old frame houses, and dingy rows of 
old-fashioned, low, brick dwellings. This section of the town is a 
part of the foriner municipality of the Northern Liberties, w^hicli, in 
1854, was absorbed by Pliiladelphia. To the north-east lies a section 
of the town which has its streets running on a plan diverse from that 
of the principal part of the cit}', the north and south streets being 
deflected to the north-east, while those approaching from the west 
are turned south-eastward. The most densely populated part of this 
district is called Kensington, which may be regarded as being conter- 
minous with the Eighteenth Ward, though popular use 
makes the name a more comprehensive one. We may 
visit this part of the city either by tlie Third Street or the Fifth Street 
horse-cars. The Fiftli Street line takes us through a well-built, well- 
kept, and attractive part of the cit}', to the vicinity of the Episcopal 
Hospital (elsewhere noticed), at which point we may begin our walk 
through this busy, industrial quarter. 

The Episcopal Hospital, Leliigh Avenue, corner of Front Street, is 
one of the grandest institutions of the kind in this city. It is a very 
noble pile of brown-stone buildings, in tlie Norman style of architec- 
ture, and is open to the sick and suffering of every race and creed. 
The grounds are more than five acres in extent. Founded and first 
opened in 1852, the hospital was soon found too small 
for the work it had undertaken. The construction of 
the present building was undertaken in 1862. In 1862 
the first patients were received (wounded Union soldiers, two hun- 

143 



Kensington. 



Episcopal 
Hospital. 



144 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

dred in luimber), and, in 1874, the building was finished. Situated 
in a district full of factories and industrial shops, where accidental 
injuries are frequent, this hospital has always done an excellent 
work for the poor and suffering of the laboring class. A training- 
school for nurses is maintained in connection with the Hospital. 
To visit the Hospital from the centre of the city, take a green 
horse-car on Fifth Street. Very near the Hospital, eastward, stands 
the Church of the Visitation, (Roman Catholic), a large and hand- 
some brown-stone church, with a fine parochial school annexed. 
Just west of the hospital lies the Fair Hill district, which gives 
name to Fair Hill Square (a neat, open plot of greensward, with 
shade trees), as also to a reservoir and a small cemetery. At 
Third and Dauphin Streets is St. Barnabas's Church (Episcopalian), 
built for service rather than for show, but having a handsome parish 
building. At Front Street and Susquehanna Avenue is Norris Square, 
a large and well-shaded tract of ground, with fountains and seats. 
On its south side (Diamond Street) rises the great Gothic brown-stone 
front of St. Boniface's Church (Roman Catholic), attached to which is 
a community of Redemptorist Fathers, and a large parish school un- 
der the care of the Sisters of Christian Charity. Near the north-west 
corner of the Square, in strong contrast with St. Boniface's noble 
front, stands the severely plain and dignified Norris Square United 
Presbyterian Church, of brick. The Norris Square Methodist Episcopal 
Church is a neat, brick structure of good architectural design, situated 
on Mascher Street, near the Square. At Third and Berks Streets is 
one of the principal terminal passenger stations of the Reading Rail- 
road. Two squares east is the Kensington Depot, one of the Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad's terminal depots in Philadelphia ; a station now far 
less important, as far as passenger business is concerned, than in 
former times. Nearly adjoining the Third and Berks Station is the 
Norris Street Market, a well-constructed building. 

About half a mile south-east of the Episcopal Hospital, at the 
corner of Lehigh Avenue and Memphis Streeet, stands St. Ann's 
Church (Roman Catholic), the pride of Port Richmond. 
This large and beautiful edifice is built of hammered 
and cut brown-stone, with a strikingly handsome front 
adorned with Corinthian columns. This great church, although un- 
finished, has already cost some $210,000. St. Ann's Academy, No. 814 
Tucker Street, under the care of the Sisters of St. Joseph, and the 
Brothers of the Christian School, as also a great parish school, are 



St. Ann's 
Church. 



NORTH DELAWARE-RIVER FRONT AND VICINITY. 



145 



niaiutained by the clergy of this Church. The general name for this 
part of the town is Richmond ; that part of it which lies along the river 
front is called Port Richmond, and is noted for its extensive exporta- 
tion of anthracite coal. The Reading Railway's coal-tracks, wharves, 
and steam-colliors, taken together, are very interesting and are well 
worthy of a visit from strangers. Port Richmond maj^ be reached by 
wa}^ of the Third or Fifth Street horse-cars or by the Sixteenth. 
Street cars of the Traction Company. Very many citizens of Phila- 
delphia are unaware of the very great amount of trackage and yard- 
room required for the Reading Railroad's enormous coal business. 
On Richmond Street, near William, is Richmond Presbyterian Church, 














Beacon 

Presbyterian 

Church. 



PORT RICHMOND COAL WHARVKS. 

with a handsome fagade of green-stone. In the Richmond district, 
at the corner of Cedar and Cumberland Streets, is the very large 
Beacon Presbyterian Church, which, with the adjunct buildings, cost 
some $100,000. It is of combined Trenton brown-stone 
and Ohio freestone ; adjoining it are Disston Hall (a large 
parish building) and a free dispensary. North-eastward 
from the coal-wharves, on the river front, stands the 
Port Richmond Grain- Elevator, visible for miles up and down the 
river. On Alleghany Avenue, corner of Belgrade Street, is the Ro- 
man Catholic Church of Our Lady of the Nativity, of brick, with large 
parish schools and a beautiful clergy-house. Near it, on Alleghany 
Avenue corner of Chatham Street, is the church called Our Lady Help 
of Christians, a large brown-stone building, adjoining a convent of the 
Sisters of Christian Charity. Southward from Richmond lies Kensing- 
ton proper, of which the river-front is sometimes called Shackamaxon, 



146 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



from the name of an ancient Indian village. Here, it is said, William 
Penn, in 1682, made his original treaty of peace with the Indians. Here 
stood, until 1810, the treaty-elm, under which Penn made the agree- 
ment in question. The spot where tradition says that treaty was made 
is on Beach Street (east side) north of Hanover Street. Here stands 
a small monument of stone, erected in 1827, to mark the spot where 
the treaty was drawn up. But since no copy of this treaty is now 
known to exist, and since the evidence of its ever having existed is 
traditional rather than documentary, some writers have rejected the 
whole story of the Shackamaxon 
treaty as a myth. But the better 
opinion would appear to be that 
the story of the elm-tree treaty 
rests upon a basis of fact. The 
supposed interview and treaty 
are quite in keeping with the 
well-known character and dis- 
position of Penn and his associ- 
ates, and w^th that of the old 
Delaware Indians. Not far 
away from the treaty monument 
are the Shackamaxon Ferry, foot 
of Shackamaxon Street, whence 
boats run to the foot of Vine 
Street, Camden, and the Shacka- 
maxon freight depot of the Penn- 
sylvania Railroad 

Opposite the Kensington depot (see Index), on Front Street, is the 
Ninth National Bank, an important financial institution. Near by, at 
the corner of East Norris Street and Frankford Avenue, is the Ken- 
sington Theatre. Frankford Avenue (or Frankford Road), which ex- 
tends north~and north-east for several miles, leaving the river-front 
below Shackamaxon Street, and leading to the important suburb 
of Frankford, elsewhere noticed, is one of the principal business 
streets in the north-east part of Philadelphia. There are several 
handsome churches on and near it, such as the Bethesda Presbyterian 
Church, Frankford Road and Vienna Street, and the East Montgomery 
Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church, at the corner of Frankford and 
Montgomery Avenues, the latter a large and imposing structure. 
The handsome St. Lawrence's Church (Roman Catholic), at Vienna 




PENN TREATY MONUMENT. 



NORTH DELAWARE-RIVER FRONT AND YICINITY. 147 

and Memphis Streets, is for people of Polish nationality. On Bel- 
grade Street, above Otis, is the Penn Asylum, a non-sectarian home 
for aged widows and single women, established in 1852. This is one 
of the oldest and worthiest institutions of its kind in this city. 
Trinity Presbyterian Church is of gray-stone, and is at the corner of 
Frankford Avenue and Cambria Street. Not far away on the same 
avenue, corner of Clearfield Street, is the Old Ladies' Home of Phila- 
delphia,— a home-like, unpretentious place, entirely non-sectarian,— 
conducted on the plan of non-interference with the worship, or the 
private life of any of its inmates who must all be of " good character, 
quiet spirit, and peaceful behavior." It is " open to all suitable per- 
sons." At the corner of Frankford Road and Palmer 
St. Mary's i^^^^^^ stands St. Mary's Hospital, a large Roman Cath- 
Hospital. ^^^.^ institution attended by conventual ladies of the 
Franciscan Tertiary Order, and under the spiritual charge of the Re- 
demptorist Fathers. Its hospital service is chiefly among the poor, 
and receives, for the most part, no pecuniary reward. Connected 
with the Hospital is a free dispensary, which does a wonderful 
amount of good among the poor of this district. Mention should be 
made of the First Presbyterian Church, on Girard Avenue near Han- 
over Street, a large stuccoed building, with excellent architectural 
c[uahties, and of the Kensington Presbyterian Church, Frankford Ave- 
nue near Girard Avenue, a plain brick edilice. St. John's Church 
(Reformed Episcopal), on Front Street near Berks, is an unadorned 
structure of brick. 

The other numerous churches and charities of this section must 
be omitted for lack of space. At Girard and Frankford Avenues 
is the Kensington National Bank, with a substantial new building. 
On the Delaware-River front (Beach Street, corners of 
Ball and Palmer Streets,) are the Dry-Dock and Marine 
Railway of Messrs. William Cramp & Sons. Tlie noted 
Ship-Yards of the same firm are farther up the river, at the foot of 
Norris Street. This is one of the largest and most celebrated of those 
American ship-yards in which ships are built of iron and steel. 

The suburb of Bridesburg, strictly speaking, is in the Twenty-fifth 
Ward, lying along the Delaware-River front, and bounded north by 
the navigable Frankford Creek ; but, popularly, Brides- 
Bridesburg. ^^^^^.^ .^ regarded as extending into the Twenty-third 
Ward as far as the main line of the Pennsylvania Railroad, on which 
is Bridesburg Station, on Bridge Street, one mile east of Frankford 



Cramp's 
Ship -Yards 



Bridesburg 
Arsenal. 



148 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

Station. Bridesburg may be reached by the Pennsylvania Railroad 
or by the Second and Third Street horse-cars. At a short distance 
south-east of the Pennsylvania Railroad station are the grounds of 
the Bridesburg United States Arsenal, called also the Frankford Ar- 
senal, corner of Tacony Road and Bridge Street, with a considerable 
frontage on Frankford Creek. Its grounds, more than 
sixty-two and a half acres in extent, are enclosed by a 
stone wall and a handsome iron fence. The space with- 
in is very finely kept, a large part being well set with trees and 
shrubs. At present ammunition and tools are manufactured and 
stored here in magazines ; but fire-arms of various kinds have been 
largely made at this establishment (as was the case during the war of 
1861-65) ; and some large pieces of artillery have occasionally been 
constructed in the works. This place is well worthy of a visit. It is 
accessible to visitors at all reasonable hours. Eastward from the 
Arsenal are the extensive rope and cordage works of E. H. Filler & Co., 
one of the largest and finest establishments of the kind in this or any 
country. Bridesburg proper (south of Frankford Creek) has a con- 
siderable number of important manufactories, and is, for the most 
part, a neatly built and very quiet suburban town. Among its places 
of worship we may mention St. Stephen's Church (Episcopal) a pretty 
wooden structure of Gothic style, on Bridge Street opposite the Ar- 
senal. The First Presbyterian Church is a handsome edifice of dark 
stone, and of Romanesque design with a tall steeple. It stands on 
Church Street. At the corner of Brown and Thompson Streets is the 
unfinished All Saints' Church (Roman Catholic), of stone. Emanuel 
Church (German Reformed) is on Weisart Street, and the Bridesburg 
Methodist Episcopal Church, a plain but roomy structure, is on Kirk- 
bride Street above Richmond Street. On the river-front of Brides- 
burg there are some conveniently arranged boat-houses, and the place 
is well known to aquatic sportsmen. The district between Kensing- 
ton and Richmond on the south, and Bridesburg on the north-east, is 
but sparsely built over, and there are corn-fields and market-gardens 
traversed, in some cases, by paved streets. The horse-cars pass, on 
Richmond Street below Orthodox Street, the Holy Redeemer Cemetery 
(Roman Catholic), with some remarkable funereal statuary, including 
a crucifix of very large size and visilDle for quite a distance. 

The former town of Frankford, now included in the Twenty-third 
Ward, has many of the characteristics of a distinct town. It lies north- 
east of the Frankford Creek, the lower part of which is navigable, and 



NORTH DELAWARE-RIVER FRONT AND VICINITY. 149 

is the seat of varied and extensive manufactures. Situated five miles 
north-east of Independence Hall, it is soonest reached b}^ the Penn- 
sylvania Railroad ; or, less rapidly, by the horse-cars 
Frankford. ^^^ dummy-cars of the Fifth and Sixtli Street line. 
Among the largest buildings in the place is the Frankford Presbyterian 
Church, on Frankford Avenue corner of Main Street, a plain, but im- 
pressive, stuccoed building, with a large seating capacity. The Second 
National Bank, on the same street, has an elegant modern building of 
ornate design. St. Mark's Church (Episcopalian), Frankford Avenue' 
near Sellers Street, is a handsome church of dark stone. On Oxford 
Street, near Paul, is the large Bethel Church (African Methodist) a 
stuccoed building. The First Baptist Church, corner of Paul and 
Unity Streets, is a large building of rough-cast brick, with Doric col- 
umns. Very near it is the New Jerusalem Church (Swedenborgian) a 
small, neat, and modest looking structure. At the corner of Penn 
and Orthodox Streets is the Friends' Meeting-House (Orthodox Qua- 
kers), that of the Hicksite Friends being at the corner of Wain and 
Unity Streets. Immanuel Lutheran Church stands at the corner of 
Tackawanna and Plum Streets. Greenwood Cemetery, belonging to 
the Knights of Pythias, is on Adams Street, or Asylum Turnpike, 
and to the West of Frankford. Adjoining this on the west, is Mount 
Auburn Cemetery. Still farther westward, on the same street, and ex- 
tending southward to Frankford Creek, are the ex- 
tensive grounds of the Friends' Asylum for the Insane, 
founded in 1811. It is one of the oldest, if not the very 
oldest, insane asylum in the United States. It has a large and com- 
modious, but very plain building. North-eastward from Frankford, 
on Frankford Avenue (or Bristol Turnpike), and having the Bustleton 
Turnpike (Bridge Street) on the west, lie Cedar Hill Cemetery and 
North Cedar Hill Cemetery, which together form one of the largest 
burial-grounds within the city limits. They are very neatly laid out, 
and contain many handsome examples of monumental sculpture. 

Two miles north-west of Frankford, on Oxford Road, not far from 
Fox Chase, is the ancient Trinity Church (Episcopalian), except Gloria 
Dei, the oldest church within the city limits. The present edifice is 
of brick, and was built in 1714. It may be reached from Ryer's Sta- 
tion, on the Philadelphia, Newtown & New York Railroad. 

Tacony, on the river front, two miles north-east of Bridesburg, 
and on the Pennsylvania Railroad, is another manufacturing suburb, 
where are located the great Disston Saw- Works, and other important 



Friends' 
Asylum. 



Forrest 
Home. 



NORTH DELAWARE-RIVER FRONT AND VICINITY. 151 

industrial establisliments. Holmesburg takes its name from Captain 
Thomas Holmes, Penn's surveyor-general. It is the Twenty-third 
Ward, and is on the Bustleton branch of the Pennsjdvania Railroad. 
There are several mills here, and near the village is the House of Cor- 
rection, a reformatory institution to which are committed vagrants, 
drunkards, etc., on complaint and hearing before the municipal 
magistrates. Near Holmesburg is the Edwin Forrest Home for retired 
actors, situated on what was formerly the country-seat 
of Mr. Forrest, known as " Spring Brook." This estate, 
together with the bulk of his propert}^, by his will, 
dated April 5, 1866, Mr. Forrest bequeathed to his executors, James 
Oakes, of Boston, James Lawson, of New York, and Daniel Dough- 
erty, of Philadelphia, in trust, for the purposes of this home. The 
mansion is a roomy old-style structure, three stories high, and has 
attached to it a farm of one hundred and eleven acres. Busts, por- 
traits, and paintings ornament the interior ; there is a library of some 
eight thousand volumes ; an interesting collection of personal be- 
longings of great actors adds its charm, and many of the rooms 
contain elegant furniture of more than a hundred years of age. 

Bustleton, the terminus of a branch of the Pennsylvania Rail- 
road, (eleven miles out, but within tlie city limits,) is a manufac- 
turing and residential suburb on the Pennypack Creek. 




XVI. 

North Broad Street and Vicinity. 

North Broad Street, the finest section of one of tlie finest 
thorouglifares in tlie world, is pre-eminently a street of luxurious 
homes and fine churches. Among its dwellings there are not a few 
which, for architectural excellence, are well worthy of remark. This 
avenue constitutes one of the favorite carriage-drives of Philadelphi^vr 

On Fifteenth Street, below Poplar, is St. John's Church (Germar 
Lutheran), a lofty structure of brick, with a handsome spire. Ou 
Broad Street, below Girard Avenue, is the Children's Homceopathii' 
Hospital, with a dispensary for both children and adults. La Salli- 
College, at No. 1240 North Broad Street, is under the care of the Chrisl • 
tian Brothers (Roman Catholic). It was incorporated in 1863, occuj 
pies excellent and ample buildings, and takes rank as one of the besj 
institutions of its class in the city. The First German Methodisj. 
Episcopal Church, Girard Avenue above Twelfth Street, is a very plaiil^" 
though commodious structure of brick. At Broad and Master Streets^ 
is the beautiful green-stone Memorial Baptist Church, a large and very- 
capacious building, of which the auditorium is of amphitheatral 
form. On the opposite side of Broad Street is the Grace Methodist. 
Episcopal Church, of marble, a costly and finely-decorated piece of c 
architecture, as yet unfinished. It is intended to make this one of ^; 
the largest and finest churches in the city. At Broad and Jefferson; 
Streets is the Church of the Incarnation (Episcopalian), a very large^ 
stone structure, in Gothic style, with a very effective exterior. The| 
Oxford Presbyterian Church, at Broad and Oxford Streets, is a very! 
spacious and noble building, of brown-stone, in Gothic style with a |J 
high steeple. Holy Trinity Church (Reformed Episcopal), at Twelfth ' 
and Oxford Streets, is an attractive Gothic building. At Broad Street 
and Columbia Avenue is the very ornate and substantial building of 
the Columbia Avenue Saving-Fund, Safe Deposit, Title and Trust . 
Company, a part of which is to be occupied by the Tenth National 1 
Bank. The showy buildings of the Germania Brewing Company are 
not far distant, near which is the Grand Opera-House, at the corner 
of Broad Street and Columbia Avenue. This is one of the largest 
152 I 




"piE (jAmAH ^KOf^ATIVE (^- ^- 



0i^ef tl)(- ^(D^orial-Viijdovj-ipll^eijfW' ^^r(}ji't}jf}J{(^^izlj. 



Grace Bap- 
tist Church. 



NORTH BROAD STREET AND VICINITY. 155 

and best-equipped places of amusement in the city. Directly opposite 
is the Church of the Messiah (Universalist) a beautifully ornate Gothic 
stone structure. Tlie handsome illustration on tlie opposite page rep- 
resents one of the stained-glass memorial windows which will be put 
into this church. The leading firms of Europe and America submitted 
designs and competed for this work, which was awarded to the well- 
known Chapman Decorative Company of this city. It Jias been the 
aim of the building committee to have such glass and decorations in 
this church as will be surpassed by none in the world, and it is their 
belief that they have succeeded in accomplishing this result. The 
architects are Messrs. Hazlehurst & Huckel. 

The Grace Baptist Church, at Broad and Berks Streets, is one of the 
largest, most elaborate, and most costly places of worship in the United 
States. It is a Romanesque building, of Avondale lime- 
stone with decorations of Indiana limestone, and when 
fully completed will be a great ornament to that section 
of the city where it stands. The older edifice of the same church, 
at Berks and Mervine Streets, is a lofty and spacious building of 
brown-stone. Connected with this church is "Temple College," in 
which instruction is given to a large number of young persons at a 
very moderate cost. Directly ox^posite the new Grace Church is the 
main entrance to the Monument Cemetery, so named from the fine 
monument in its centre to the memory of Washington and Lafayette. 
At the corner of Park Avenue and JSTorris Street is the Park Avenue 
Methodist Episcopal Church, of light brown-stone, with trimmings of 
Ohio sandstone. The Bethlehem Presbyterian Church, at Broad and 
Diamond Streets, is a large stone church of a decorated Gothic style. 
The Church of the Annunciation (Episcopalian), at Twelfth and Dia- 
mond Streets, is a low-roofed structure of a Romanesque ty]^e. 

The spacious and well-appointed Base-Ball Park of the Philadel- 
phia Club is at Fifteenth and Huntingdon Streets, and a little dis- 
tance to the westward are the ample State Fair Grounds. 
The ball-park and fair-grounds may be reached by the 
steam-cars of either the Reading or Pennsylvania Rail- 
roads ; also by the Thirteenth and Fifteenth Streets horse-cars, which 
exchange tickets with most of the east and west street-lines of the 
city. On Lehigh Avenue, corner of Lamb Tavern Lane, stands the 
Municipal Hospital, a city institution for the treatment of small-pox 
and other infectious diseases. It occupies large buildings of stone. 



State Fair 
Grounds. 



German 
Hospital. 



Drexel 
Home, 



XVII. 

GiRARD COLIiEGE AND ViCINITY. 

GiRARD College stands in the centre of a very interesting and 
important group of public and private charitable institutions, the 
most important of which are here noticed. 

The German Hospital, at the south-west corner of Girard and Co- 
rinthian Avenues, is a liandsome structure of stone. It was founded 
in 1860, largely by the liberality of citizens of German 
birth, and, during the war of 1861-65, was used as a 
United States military hospital. It was reopened as a 
general hospital for public uses in 1866. Both German and English 
are spoken, and patients of any nationality whatsoever may be ad- 
mitted. The nurses are German Deaconesses from the Mary J. Drexel 
Home and Philadelphia Mother-House of Deaconesses, which stands 
in the same enclosure with the hospital, and on the 
south side of Girard Avenue, just west of the Hospital 
itself. The Drexel Home was founded in 1888 by Mr. 
John D. Lankenau, in memory of his deceased wife, n^e Mary J. 
Drexel, a daughter of the founder of the house of Drexel & Co., and 
sister of the eminent bankers of that name. It is a noble and beau- 
tiful building of yellow brick, imported from Germany, and trimmed 
with facings of gray sandstone. It is of a Gotliic architecture, modi- 
fied by details in the Norman style ; the main stairways and some of 
the floors are of white marble. Connected with this great institution 
is a school for Deaconesses. The building includes a children's hos- 
pital, children's home, and a home for aged people. 

The Girard College Buildings occupy a space of forty-one acres, 
extending from Ridge Avenue westward to Twenty-fifth Street, from 
Nineteenth Street and Girard Avenue, and are surrounded by a high 
wall. The main building is among the finest extant 
examples of Corinthian architecture ; and the other 
buildings are on a grand scale. Probably no institution 
in Philadelphia is more talked of and excites a more general interest 
in the city ; certainly none is more visited by strangers. The College 
was founded by Stephen Girard, who, dying in 1830, gave the specific 
156 



Girard 
College. 



^rSviK 




GIRARD COLLEGE AND VICINITY. 159 

sum of two million dollars to build the College, and left the greater 
part of his estate to endow it. The original and main buildings were 
fourteen years in construction, the corner-stone having been laid in 
1833 and the main building finished in 1847. It was designed by the 
late Thomas U. Walter, and its transcendant beauty and great mag- 
nificence are everywhere acknowledged ; but its ill adaptation to an 
educational purpose has been of late strongly asserted. Be that as it 
ma}", the main building of the Girard College, as a piece of monu- 
mental architecture, has scarcely a rival on this continent. The prin- 
cipal buildings in the enclosure are of white marble, and the more 
lately built among them are most admirably adapted to their main 
educational purposes. 

The College was established for the education of poor white male 
orphans, from six to ten years old at the time of their admittance, 
preference being given first, to those born within the limits of the old 
city of Philadelphia ; second to natives of Pennsylvania ; third, to 
boj's born in New York ; and fourth, to those born in New Orleans. 
At present nearly fifteen hundred orphans are being cared for and 
trained in Girard College. 

In approaching the College from the central part of the city, by 
the Ridge Avenue cars, we pass the Ridge Avenue Farmers* Market 
(Ridge Avenue near Girard Avenue), and on the corner of the same 
streets stands the Northwestern National Bank, a prosperous and im- 
portant institution. The Berean Presbyterian Church, a neat, Gothic 
stone church for colored persons, stands on South College Avenue, 
near Ridge Avenue. On Girard Avenue, at the corner of Eighteenth 
Street, is St. Matthew's Church (Episcopal), a large and spacious gran- 
ite edifice, of a good Gothic style, having in the rear a commodious 
parish building. It is of gray-stone. 

At the north-west corner of Twenty-first Street and North College 
Avenue stand the handsome and commodious buildings of the 
Woman's Medical College, the first medical school, espe- 
cially for women ever established in the world. Its 
faculty includes both men and women physicians, and 
it has graduated a large number of highly-successful 
lady practitioners. Very near to it stands the Woman's Hospital, 
where women and children alone are treated. Its buildings at 
present are ample for its purposes. Both medical and surgical cases 
are here treated, and the hospital has proved itself an extremely 
praiseworthy institution. Both the College and Hospital, which are 



Woman's 
Medical 
College. 



The Church 
of the Gesu. 



St. Joseph's 
Hospital. 



160 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

closely affiliated to each other, are to-day iu a high tide of successful 
work. 

At a short distance north-east from tlie eastern extremity of the 
Girard College grounds, extending on Stiles Street from Seventeenth 
to Eighteenth Streets, stands one of the largest ecclesiastical estab- 
lishments in Philadelphia— tlie Church of the Gesu, under the care of 
a body of Jesuit priests. The church itself is a great 
and lofty pile of brick and marble, with granite founda- 
tions. The interior is beautifully decorated, and the 
roof of the nave is a wonderfully fine piece of barrel-vaulting. This 
great church is well worthy of a visit. Connected with it are large 
parochial schools. A part of the same establishment is St. Joseph's 
College, of which tlie members of the faculty all belong to tlie order 
of the Jesuits. Near at hand, and under the pastoral care of the 
clergy of the Church of the Gesu, is St. Joseph's Hos- 
pital (Girard Avenue, below Seventeenth Street). This 
is a large and very important hospital. More than a 
third of the cases treated are charity patients. On Girard Avenue, 
directly opposite the Hospital, is the Green Hill Presbyterian Church, 
of brown-stone, a handsome and capacious structure, A short walk 
to the northward brings us to the Home for the Aged of Both Sexes, 
on Eighteenth Street near Jefferson, a large Roman Catholic charity, 
under the direct care of a community of celibate women 
known as "The Little Sisters of the Poor," and under 
the XDastoral charge of the Jesuit Fathers from the 
Church of the Gesu. This most deserving and useful institution re- 
ceives the aged poor of whatever creed or nationality, without fee or 
reward. It occupies a large and lofty edifice of brick. This institu- 
tion has a large and very important establishment in German town. 

The Gethsemane Baptist Church, at Eighteenth Street and Colum- 
bia Avenue, is a capacious and very handsome Gothic stone church, 
with a commanding tower. At the corner of Eighteenth and Oxford 
Streets is the Heidelberg Reformed Church, a beautiful Gothic building 
of gray-stone. The Spring Garden Baptist Church, Nineteenth and 
Master Streets, is a brick church of Gothic architecture, with a front 
of brown-stone, flanked by roomy parish buildings. 

On the ground between Parish and Poplar, Twenty-second and 
Twenty-third Streets, is the House of Refuge, for the reclamation of 
idle and depraved children. Originally incorporated in 1826 as a pri- 
vate charity, the institution has, in later years, received generous 



Little Sisters 
of the Poor. 



House of 
Refuge. 



Foster 
Home. 



GIRARD COLLEGE AND VICINITY. 161 

public aid. The sexes are kept in separate departments, and receive 
careful mental and physical training. The buildings, 
though very large and comfortable, are too small for the 
vast work of the institution ; and in 1889 work was com- 
menced on new and very much larger buildings for the same corpora- 
tion at Glen Mills, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, fourteen miles 
from Philadelphia. 

At Twenty-fourth and Poplar Streets, very near to Girard College, 
stands the Foster Home, the object of which "is to extend aid to 
respectable widowed parents who, from adversity, are 
obliged to part with their children for a time, but desire 
to have them finally restored." One hundred children 
can be cared for here at one and the same time. The parents or 
friends of the children are expected to defray a part of the expense 
of their support. 

The Emmanuel Methodist Episcopal Church, at Twenty-fifth and 
Brown Streets, is a handsome Gothic church of brown-stone, with a 
large tower at the street corner. At Twenty-eighth Street and Girard 
Avenue is the Church of the Covenant (Episcopal), a commodious and 
substantial stone edifice, with spacious parochial buildings. 

Directly east of the House of Refuge is the Corinthian Avenue Res- 
ervoir, and on the east side of Corinthian Avenue, below Poplar Street, 
is the Corinthian Avenue Church (German Evangelical). One square 
to the south we see the ponderous and frowning walls of the large 
Eastern Penitentiary, a State prison, and one of the most 
celebrated of its class. It occupies eleven acres of 
ground, lying between Brown Street and Fairmount 
Avenue, and extending westward from Corinthian Avenue to Twenty- 
second Street. Its castellated entrance, flanked and surmounted with 
grandly majestic towers, is very impressive. It was built in 1823-29, 
and was for many years conducted on the so-called " Pennsylvania 
System" of strictly solitary confinement; but this system has been 
gradually mitigated, and at present some minor degree of association 
of prisoners is permitted. Means are also employed to instruct the 
prisoners, especially the younger ones, in various useful employments. 
The prison may be reached by the Fairmount Avenue street-cars of 
the Fourth and Eighth Streets line. The excellent non-sectarian 
Home for Aged Couples, at the corner of Perkiomen and Francis 
Streets, is a chartered institution, dating from 1876. 



Eastern 
Penitentiary 



University of 
Pennsylvania 



XVIII. 

South West-Philadelphia. 

This section of West-Philadelphia, which may be said to extend 
from Market Street, on the north, to the extreme southern hmit of 
Philadelphia is, in the older part, a charming region of well-built 
homes, of densely shaded and well-paved streets, and of handsome 
and luxurious churches and useful public institutions. Prominent 
among the last named is the University of Pennsylvania, the most 
extensive educational establishment in the city or in the State. It 
occupies commodious grounds, extending from Pine 
Street to Woodlands Avenue, and running west from 
Thirty-fourth to Thirty-seventh Street. The main 
building (" College Hall") is a large and handsome structure of green 
serpentine stone trimmed with a pale gray-stone. Eastward from 
this is the highly ornate Library Hall, of redstone and brick, one of 
the most richly decorated buildings in the city. Its interior, when 
finished, will be a model of convenience and commodiousness. 
Westward from the College Hall is the Medical Hall, which alFords- 
ample accommodations to the medical department of the University, 
— a department which may be said to give to the University its greatest 
distinction, and which takes rank with the very foremost medical 
schools of the land. On Spruce Street, below Thirty-sixth, is the 
University Hospital, an adjunct of the medical department of the 
University. The main building is a very noble structure of green- 
stone, in the same general style (called " Collegiate Gothic") as that 
of the main building of the University. In the rear of the Medical 
Hall is the Medical and Dental Laboratory (Spruce Street corner of 
Thirty-sixth). The Veterinary College is near at hand, at the corner 
of Pine Street and Guardian Avenue. Just west of it is the Veterinary 
Hospital, for sick animals, and still farther west stands the Biological 
Hall of the University. The square of ground between Spruce and 
Pine and Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Streets is devoted to the 
athletic sports of the University students. Athletics and physical 
culture have latterly received special attention in the University. On 
Thirty-sixth Street near Pine is the Maternity Hospital, and on Spruce 

162 




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PHILADELPHIA, PENNA. 



SOUTH WEST-PHILADELPHIA. 165 

Stroot, lu'iir TliH-ty-fourtli, is the Nurses' Home, — both of them ad- 
juncts of the University. The University is reivelied by tlie Wood- 
lands Avenue cars of tlie Market Street line ; also by transfers from 
the other lines of street-railways which cross the Schuylkill. 

The University of Pennsylvania was first chartered in 1753, as the 
"Academy and Charitable School of the Province of Pennsylvania," 
Dr. Franklin being one of the first movers in its establishment. In 
1775 its name was changed to "The College and Academy of Phila- 
delphia." In 1779 the University of Pennsylvania was incorporated 
and invested with the properties and rights of the college ; and in 
1791 the college and university were united. The Medical School 
(the oldest in America) was first opened by Dr. William Shippen in 
1764. The present main Hospital Buildings of the University were 
opened in 1874. 

The University is divided into departments, as follows : (1) The 
College Department, with courses in arts, science, philosophy, music, 
and finance ; affiliated to this department is the Towne Scientific 
School (named from its benefactor, John Henry Towne), with courses 
in chemistry, metallurgy, mining, civil engineering, dynamical en- 
gineering, mechanical drawing, and architecture ; connected with 
this department is the Evans Rogers Library ; the Wharton School 
of Finance is also connected with the College Department. (2) The 
Medical School, noticed above, also the Auxiliary School of Medi- 
cine ; (3) the Department of Dentistry ; (4) the Department of Vet- 
erinary Medicine ; (5) the Department of Biology, which is practically 
a school of natural science, serving in many cases as a preparation 
for the Medical Department ; (6) a Department of Law ; (7) a Depart- 
ment of Philosophy ; (8) a Department of Plij'sical Education. 

The Bleckley Almshouse, so-called, occupies grounds separated by 
Spruce Street from those of the University of Pennsylvania. It is 
the public refuge or asylum for the pauper class of 
the town, exclusive of a large number of dependent 
persons who are cared for in the almost countless 
private charitable institutions of the city. The Almshouse, with 
its annexes and adjunct buildings, occupies some one hundred 
and thirty acres of ground. The buildings are large and commodi- 
ous, but are more imposing than ornamental in appearance. Con- 
nected with it is the Philadelphia Hospital (the oldest institution of 
the kind in the country), with a department for the insane poor. The 
Almshouse, with the hospitals annexed, accommodates a very large 



Bleckley 
Almshouse. 



Woodlands 
Cemetery. 



166 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. I 

number of the dependent poor. Adjoining the grounds of tlie Block- 
ley Ahn,shouse, on the south-west, is the Woodlands Cemetery, which 
extends for nearly a mile along Woodlands Avenue 
(formerly Darby Road) and, on its south-east side, 
reaches nearly to the River Schuylkill. It covers 
some eighty acres, and contains a large number of handsome monu- 
ments. It is best reached by the Woodlands Avenue horse-cars 
of the Market Street Railway (Traction Company's lines). This 
cemetery was formerly included in the estate of "Woodlands," 
owned at one time by Andrew Hamilton, who was (1701-1703) lieu- 
tenant-governor of the province of Pennsylvania. The handsome 
old residence of the Hamilton family is still standing, in a state of 
excellent preservation, in the midst of the cemetery grounds. The 
Church of the Transfiguration (Episcopalian), Woodlands Avenue 
below Thirty-third Street, is a pretty, ivy-clad Gothic structure of 
stone. The north-east corner of Thirty-second and Chestnut Streets 
has been selected as the site of the new Drexel Institute, w^hich is 
intended to accommodate at least two thousand students of either 
sex. At Thirty-third and Chestnut Streets is the Asbury Church 
(Methodist Episcopal), a neat and commodious structure of brown- 
stone. The House of the Immaculate Conception, at Thirty-ninth 
and Pine Streets, is a large Roman Catholic home and convent, 
entirely undecorated as to its exterior, and devoted chiefly to chari- 
table purposes. The Industrial School, in the vicinit}', is an ad- 
junct of this institution. The First Baptist Church of West Phila- 
delphia, Thirty-sixth and Chestnut Streets, is a large and handsome 
edifice. The Walnut Street Presbyterian Church (Walnut, above 
Thirty-ninth Street), extends through to Sansom Street. Its Walnut 
Street front is very pleasing in its outlines and decorations. Near 
by, at Fortieth and Sansom Streets, is the Fortieth Street Methodist 
Episcopal Church, a pretty and remarkably roomj- Gothic structure. 
On Locust Street, near Thirty-ninth, is St. Mary's Church (Episcopal), 
one of the oldest places of worship in this part of the city. It is a 
good specimen of Gothic architecture, is built of a gray, granitoid 
gneiss, and has an effective interior. Trinity Church (Episcopal), at 
Forty-second Street and Baltimore Avenue, is a pretty, gray-stone 
Gothic church, with trimmings of light-gray brick. At Forty-second 
and Pine Streets is the Woodland Presbyterian Church, a large and 
very commodious green-stone edifice of Gothic architecture. 

The Indigent Widows' and Single Women's Asylum occupies a 



Tabernacle 

Presbyterian 

Church. 



SOUTH WEST-PHILADELPHIA. 167 

beautiful quadrangle of buildings on Chestnut Street near Thirty- 
seventh. Tlie present building was erected in 1886. The Asylum was 
founded in 1819 by Miss Rawson, and is managed entirely by a society 
of ladies. The institution is strictly non-sectarian, but religious ser- 
vices are regularly sustained by clergymen of various denominations. 
The Tabernacle Presbyterian Church, corner of Thirty-seventh and 
Chestnut Streets, is one of the finest American exam- 
ples of the English Gothic decorated architecture. 
The view on the Thirty-seventh Street side, including 
the chapel gate, the cloistered walk, and the manse, is 
especially effective. The body of this noble pile is of Potomac gran- 
ite, with elaborate and beautiful windows set in carved Indiana lime- 
stone. The interior is finished in solid oak, and is richly adorned 
with ecclesiastical symbols, the whole forming one of the most 
impressive and beautiful church interiors in the United States. 

The Roman Catholic Church of St. James the Greater, at Thirty- 
eighth and Chestnut Streets, is one of the most elaborate in the 
country. It is built of Baltimore marble, with granite foundations. 
It is of Gothic architecture, with a clear-story, and the external effect 
is extremely fine ; while the interior is especially beautiful and im- 
pressive. The high altar is considered, by critics, the handsomest 
work of its kind in the United States. The stained windows (from 
Innspriick, in Austria) and the fourteen stations of the cross (from 
Munich) are genuine works of art. The same may be said of the 
mural paintings. The organ is a remarkably fine instrument, and 
the music is probably not equalled at present by that of any other 
church in Philadelphia. A few doors north of St. James's Church is 
the beautiful new Church of the Saviour (Episcopalian), now rapidly 
approaching completion. It is an ornate brown-stone structure. On 
Chestnut Street, below Forty-first, is the Berean Baptist Church, a 
substantial building of brown-stone. At Forty-third 
and Chestnut Streets is the grand and very imposing 
Christ Memorial Church (Reformed Episcopal), which, 
with the adjacent Divinity School, of the same denomi- 
nation, forms a noble architectural landmark. The whole group of 
buildings is of Indiana and Avondale limestone, and affords a fine 
example of the English decorated Gothic style. Its cost was |200,000, 
the gift of a lady of wealth. It may be reached by either the Chest- 
nut Street or Market Street cars. At Forty-first and Ludlow Streets 
is the Monumental Baptist Church. 



Christ 

Memorial 

Church. 



168 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

The Darby Road is one of the famous old avenues of approach to 
Philadelphia, entering the city from the south-west. It takes its name 
from the ancient borough of Darby (seven miles out, by rail). The 
Road within the city limits is now called Woodlands Avenue ; but it 
is still, and for a long time will remain, the Darby Road in popular 
parlance. It is traversed by a line of street railway. After passing 
Woodlands Cemetery the street becomes, in many places, semi-rural 
in appearance ; but it is rapidly building up with structures of a good 
class, including many homes, and a large number of retail business 
places. The present chapter takes note of some institutions situated 
not upon, though very near the Darby road, and best reached by its 
street-cars, or by the steam railway-lines which run near it (the 
Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore, and the Baltimore and 
Ohio). This section of the city abounds in charitable institutions, 
only a part of which can be noticed here. 

At the north-east corner of Forty-fifth Street and Osage Avenue, 
south of Pine Street, is the Home of the Merciful Saviour for Crip- 
pled Children, a very deserving and praiseworthy 
charity. Crippled children are received without en- 
trance fee, and are supported by the voluntary gifts 
of the friends of the institution. This Home is under 
Episcopalian supervision, but is non-sectarian in spirit and methods. 
The Home for Destitute Colored Children, Woodlands Avenue near 
Forty-sixth Street, combines a simple and rudimentary course of 
schooling and a measure of industrial training, preparatory to a life 
of usefulness. At a suitable age the children are indentured, chiefly 
with families resident in the country. At the corner of Forty-eighth 
Street and Woodlands Avenue are seen the extensive 
and ornate buildings of the Philadelphia Home for In- 
curables, one of the most interesting and important of 
the many beautiful charities of this city of brotherly love. The 
Home is entirely undenominational, and its management is largely 
in the hands of ladies. Nearly all its officers and managers are 
ladies, but a number of gentlemen are chosen annually to fill the 
advisory boards. The Home was organized and incorporated in 1877. 
Its buildings and grounds occupy about five acres. The Educational 
Home, at Forty-eighth Street and Greenway Avenue, is at present 
occupied as a home and school for Indian boys, under the care of the 
Protestant Episcopal Church. It occupies a plain and commodious 
building. The boys learn certain industrial pursuits. The progress 



Home of the 
Merciful 
Saviour. 



Home for 
Incurables. 



Episcopal 
Div. School. 



Presbyterian 
Home. 



SOUTH WEST-PHILADELPHIA. 169 

here made by the young Indians seems to be in every way encour- 
aging to the friends of the recent movement to reclaim and rescue 
the remnant of the aboriginal race in this country. 

The Protestant Episcopal Divinity School, at Fifty-first Street and 
Woodlands Avenue, is a handsome structure of dark 
gray-stone, finished with brick, in an ornate Gothic 
style. Near it stands a handsome chapel and other 
buildings belonging to the School. The Presbyterian Home for Widows 
and Single Women is near Fifty-eighth Street and Green way Avenue 
(near Woodlands Avenue), and may be reached either 
by the Darby street-cars, or by the Baltimore and Ohio 
Railroad, Fifty-eighth Street Station. The building is 
a large and imposing structure of stone, and accommodates a great 
number of old ladies. One square to the north-west (corner of Fifty- 
eighth Street and Kingsessing Avenue) is the Presbyterian Orphanage, 
which occupies four large stone cottages, with other buildings, among 
which is a stone chapel of beautiful XDroportions. This is an extremely 
useful and effective charity. 

One of the curiosities of south-western Philadelphia is the ancient 
St. James's Church, Kingsessing, on Woodlands Avenue 
near Sixty-eighth Street. It is one of the "Old Swe- 
dish" Lutheran Churches which early became Episco- 
palian, as it is at present. The present church edifice was built of 
stone, in 1763, and has since been enlarged. It is interesting as a 
specimen of the American architecture of tlie colonial times. "King- 
sessing," the name of this district, is properly the name of one of the 
old townships now merged in Philadelphia. At Seventieth Street 
and Woodlands Avenue is the House of the Guardian Angel and Ma- 
ternity Hospital, of the Roman Catholic Church, chiefly devoted to 
the care of young infants. This section of the city is often called 
Paschal, or Paschalville. It is quickly reached either by the Baltimore 
and Ohio, or the Pliiladelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore railroads. 
Bartram's Garden, a point of great interest to botanists and lovers 
of nature, lies on the west bank of the Schuylkill, near Gray's Ferry 
bridge, and is very near Eastwick's Station, and the 
junction of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad with the 
Chester Branch of the Reading Railroad, and is also 
reached by the Philadelphia, AVilmington and Baltimore Railroad 
(Gray's Ferry Station). It is nearly half a mile north-east of Wood- 
lands Avenue, at Fifty-fourth Street. Here, in 1731, John Bartram, 

11 



Kingsessing 
Church. 



Bartram's 
Garden. 



170 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

the celebrated botanist, fixed his abode ; and the old Bartram man- 
sion, here standing, was largely built by his own hands. Bartram 
established here j)erhaps the most celebrated botanic garden ever 
opened in America. It was sustained with some care for about one 
hundred years, since which time it has much decayed. The garden 
was once singularly ricli in American and foreign trees and shrubs, 
not a few of which still remain. The most noteworthy is a large 
cypress tree, said to have been brought from Florida by Bartram in 
1749. There is also a zizyphus, or jujube shrub, as well as a goodly 
number of botanical varieties, the relics of the palmy days of the old 
garden. The purchase of this place as a city yjark was authorized in 
1881 by the City Councils, and it has been further proposed that the 
city purchase such adjacent lands as may be necessary to give the 
new park an area sufficient to make it a worthy memento of the dis- 
tinguished founder of the old Botanic Garden. 

Angora, on the Central Division, Philadelphia, Wilmington and 
Baltimore Railroad (four and one-half miles out), is a neat suburb in 
the Twenty-seventh Ward. Directly at the station is the Church 
Home for Children, a handsome and spacious building of green-stone. 
On the same grounds is a tasteful chapel of stone. The Home was 
opened in 1873. On the same street (Fifty-eighth), a 

_ , short distance south of the railway, is the Baptist 

Orphanages. ^ , , . , . n -, ■, -, ,.^/, 

Orphanage, which occupies four large and beautiful cot- 
tages of brick, grouped together on a w^ide and roomy lawn. This is 
one of the best-managed of the many Philadelphia homes for orphans. 




XIX. 

North West-Philadelphia. 

That part of West Philadelphia which lies north of Market Street 
and south of the Zoological Gardens embraces within its limits a 
beautiful quarter of the city, portions of it being densely shaded with 
trees, and the principal streets being lined with very fine houses, for 
the most part surrounded by lawns and shrubbery. Churches and 
benevolent institutions abound also in this part, as in other sections, 
and numerous lines of street-cars, running in various directions, ren- 
der all parts easily accessible. 

At No. 3518 Lancaster Avenue is the Working Home for Blind Men, 
one of the worthiest institutions of the kind in this city. This large 
and excellent institution is nearly self-supporting. At No. 3825 Pow- 
elton Avenue is the Pennsylvania Retreat for Blind Mutes, and for Aged 
and Infirm Persons, "a charity so peculiar that its very name is a 
touching appeal." The Powelton Avenue Baptist Church, Powelton 
Avenue near Thirty-seventh Street, is an exceedingly plain brick 
building, without adornment, but with free seats for all comers. 
Grace Evangelical Lutheran Church, Thirty-fifth and Spring Garden 
Streets, is a very plain and substantial stuccoed building. The North- 
minster Presbyterian Church, Thirty-fifth and Baring Streets, is a 
large, green-stone structure, with a wide and imposing facade and a 
massive stone spire. At Thirty-sixth and Baring Streets is St. An- 
drew's Church (Episcopalian), of West Philadelphia, a quaint, hand- 
some and unique Gothic structure, rendered less impressive in its 
exterior than it should be by reason of its succession of low gables. It 
is built of brown-stone. At Thirty-eighth and Baring Streets is the 
Emanuel Evangelical Reformed Church (German), built of green ser- 
pentine and brown sandstone. At Thirty-eighth and Hamilton 
Streets is the Tenth United Presbyterian Church, of Gothic archi- 
tecture, built substantially of a dark gray-stone. Diagonally opposite 
is Christ Methodist Episcopal Church, of brown-stone. St. Agatha's 
Church (Roman Catholic), Thirth-eighth and Spring Garden Streets, 
is a very handsome Gothic building of light-brown freestone, with 
trimmings of Ohio sandstone. Connected with it is St. Agatha's 

171 



Presbyterian 
Hospital. 



172 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

School, which occupies a beautiful building near the church. At the 
corner of Thirty-fifth Street and Fairniount Avenue is the House of 
the Good Shepherd (Roman Catholic), an abode and reformatory for 
unfortunate women and girls of every race and creed ; there is also 
connected with it a reformatory for intemperate women. This home 
affords a refuge for a large number of penitents, and has proved itself 
an extremely useful institution. The Old Man's Home, at the corner 
of Baring Street and Saunders Avenue, near Thirty-ninth Street, 
occupies a large gray-stone building, with mansard upper-story. 
Directly opposite, at Thirtj^-ninth Street and Powelton Avenue, is 
the Presbyterian Hospital, which comprises a series of 
commodious brick pavilions, one of the best institu- 
tions of its kind in the city. Very near to the above 
two institutions, at the corner of Powelton and Saunders Avenues, 
is the Working Home for Blind Women, which is a handsome structure 
of brick, with a commodious annex of stone. Opposite this Home, 
at the corner of Thirty-eighth Street and Powelton Avenue, is the 
Princeton Presbyterian Church, a large Gothic building of brown-stone. 
At the south-east corner of Forty-first and Baring Streets is the 
Western Home for Poor Children, occupying a large and comfortable 
building, situated on spacious and well-kept grounds. At Forty-first 
and Spring Garden Streets, is the plain stone Centenary Methodist 
Episcopal Church, and at Forty-second Street and Fairmount Avenue 
is the Christian Church (Disciples), a small and neat building of stone. 
At the south-west corner of Belmont and Girard Ave- 
nues, stands the Home for Aged and Infirm Colored 
Persons of good character. It is a spacious and com- 
fortable stone building, and the institution is supported largely by 
members of the Society of Friends. 

This section of the city abounds, as we have said, in fine churches 
and excellent charitable institutions, but we have by no means ex- 
hausted the list. We have enumerated a few only of the more promi- 
nent and well-known. 

The large tract of ground lying north of Market Street, south of 
Haverford Avenue, west of Forty-second Street, and east of Forty- 
ninth Street is occupied by the Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane 
(commonly known as Kirkbride's Hospital.) There are 
separate groups of buildings for the two sexes. The 
hospital-buildings are large and commodious, and are 
handsomely built of stone. The grounds (about one hundred and 



Colored 
Home. 



Kirkbride's 
Hospital. 



Haddington. 



NORTH WEST-PHILADELPHIA. 173 

eleven acres) are handsomely laid out as pleasure-grounds, but a part 
is cultivated as a farm. The Market Street cars pass directly by the 
grounds. This institution is, strictly speaking, a branch of the Penn- 
sylvania Hospital, elsewhere noticed. Like the parent hospital from 
which it branched off in 1841, it is supported entirely by private con- 
tributions, bequests, and fees from patients, there being a certain 
number of free beds maintained for the indigent insane. Nearly op- 
posite to the main entrance to Kirkbride's, but some three squares to 
the north, at No. 4618 Westminster Avenue, is the Philadelphia Home 
for Infants, a non-sectarian institution, founded in 1873. Many of the 
infants here cared for are admitted and boarded without charge ; for 
others a nominal fee is paid. 

A mile or more west from Kirkbride's Hospital, extending to the 
extreme limit of the city, and reached by extensions of the Traction 
Company's Market Street line, is the suburb of Had- 
dington, a locality of few present attractions, but improv- 
ing from year to year. The Home for Aged Couples of the Presbyterian 
Church occupies modest but very comfortable quarters at Sixty-fifth 
and Vine Streets. Here old and indigent married couples of the 
Presbyterian faith are well cared for, a moderate fee being required 
on their admission. This Home was opened in 1885. 

At Sixty-fourth Street and Lansdowne Avenue, on a command- 
ing elevation, stand the commodious and beautiful stone buildings 
of the Philadelphia Orphan Asylum, one of the best of Philadelphia's 
public charities. The ample grounds are kept in the most tasteful 
order, and the numerous children here sustained and schooled have 
the best of care. Tlie orphans are all, or nearly all, children of the 
pauper class ; but brighter or hapxDier looking children it would be 
hard to find anywhere. At the north-west corner of Sixty-third 
and Vine Streets is the Mary Elizabeth Patterson Memorial Chapel 
(Presbyterian), a handsome building of dark rough stone, which is 
intended to be enlarged into a church of grand proportions ; and 
even in its present shape it is one of the most attractive structures in 
that part of the city. One square to the north is the Roman Catholic 
Church of Our Lady of the Rosary (Sixty-third and Callowhill Streets), 
a tall-spired Romanesque building of granitic gneiss, which forms the 
most conspicuous architectural landmark in this section of Phila- 
delphia. 

The Burd Orphan Asylum, on Market Street beyond Sixty-third 
Street, stands in Delaware County, just beyond the county line 



174 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



•Burd Orphan 
Asylum. 



Hestonville. 



(which here follows a small stream called Cobb's Creek). The situa- 
tion is very beautiful. The grounds have an extent of 
forty-five acres, and the buildings are of gray-stone, in a 
plain but graceful English Gothic style. The asylum is 
for white female orphans of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and is 
under the management of the rector and members of St. Stephen's 
Church, Tenth Street below Market. It was founded in 1848 by Eliza 
H. Burd, widow^ of Edward Shippen Burd ; the present building was 
opened in 1863. 

North-eastward from Haddington is the ancient suburb of 
Hestonville, reached from the city by the Arch Street, and by the 
Race and Vine Street horse-cars, or by the Pennsylvania Railroad 
(Fift^^-second Street station). Hestonville has an anti- 
quated apj)earance, and abounds in curious oldish 
houses of the style, or styles, of fifty years ago ; but the hand of im- 
provement has touched it, and all will soon be renovated. In fact, 
for many years, some streets in its vicinity have been occupied by 
comfortable, and even luxurious abodes, some of them of the best 
class. The visitor approaching Hestonville by horse-car sees to the 
left the extensive Cathedral Cemetery (Forty-eighth to Fifty-second 
Street), between Girard and Wyalusing Avenues ; on the north side, 
partly enclosed by the cemetery, is a large Roman Catholic church, 
dedicated to Our Mother of Sorrows. It has a heavy and sombre ap- 
pearance, quite in keeping with its name and surroundings. 

The famous Zoological Garden, on the west bank of the Schuylkill 
River, and bounded by Girard Avenue, is one of the most attractive 
features not only of this section, but of the cit3\ It oc- 
cui)ies a tract formerly the country-seat of John Penn, 
grandson of the founder, and known as "Solitude." The 
house built by Penn still stands in the grounds. The tract contains 
thirty-three acres, and is, in fact, part of Fairmount Park, the com- 
missioners of which lease it to the Zoological Society of Philadelphia, 
who have established here the most successful collection of animals 
existing in America. The buildings are tasteful, picturesque, and 
suitable to their purposes, and are set in grounds beautifully planted 
and kept. It is a most interesting and instructive place to visit, and 
is a favorite resort of children, citizens, and sojourners in the city. No 
expense has been sj)ared in procuring animals or fitting up the garden 
in the manner best adapted to their maintenance and exhibition. The 
society has agents in every ]3art of the world constantly on the alert for 



Zoological 
Garden. 



176 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



rare and interesting specimens of natural liistory. Tlie collection in- 
cludes a large representation of American fauna. The shaggy-coated 
bufftilo, the lordly elk and timid deer, wolves, raccoons, foxes, prairie- 
dogs, rattlesnakes, bears, water-fowl, sea-lions, and specimens of nearly 
everj^ other beast, bird, or reptile that belongs to the continent are here 
found under conditions making it easy and pleasant to observe their 
appearance and habits. Besides these. South America, India, Africa, 




BEAR-PITS. ZOOLOGICAL, GARDEN. 

and the islands of the sea contribute their portion to the collection. 
Elephants, camels, lions and tigers, the ugly rhinoceros, sportive 
monkeys and the anthropoid apes, great serpents, and beautifully- 
plumaged birds swell the list of attractions, which can here be only 
hinted at. '. 

This collection is the only one in this country which at all ap- 
proaches in completeness and fitness of bestowal the great zoological 
garden in Regent's Park, London, or the Jardin d'Acclimatation of 
Paris. The expenses of its maintenance are very large, and the 



NORTH WEST-PHILADELPHIA. 



177 



society has at times been hard pressed in keeping it up to the liigh 
standard which it lias attained. Considerable sums by way of endow- 
ment have been subscribed by liberal citizens, and it is to be hoped 
that the example thus set may be emulated by others. 

Near the Girard Avenue entrance to the Garden is the bronze 
group, by Wilhelm Wolf, called "The Dying Lioness," which i« re- 




THE DYING LIONESS. 

garded by critics as one of the most effective pieces of animal sculp- 
ture to be seen in this country. Frequent trains on the Pennsylvania 
Railroad, running from Broad Street Station, stop at the Zoological 
Garden, besides wdiich an extension of the Lombard and South 
Streets line of horse-cars, starting from Twenty-fifth and South 
Streets, convey passengers to this point, and the Girard Avenue cars 
pass the m.ain entrance. 



XX. 

Fairmount Water- Works and Vicinity. 

Two miles north-west of the City Hall, on the east hank of the 
Schuylkill Elver, and approached by way of the Arch Street ears, 
the Vine Street and Callowhill Street lines, the Girard Avenue line, 
and the Fairmount branches of the Spruce and Pine and Traction 
lines, are the famous Fairmount Water- Works, to which, since their 




GRAFF MONUMENT. 

small beginnings, more than half a century ago, the city of Philadel- 
phia has been, in a large measure, indebted for so much of its water- 
supply as came from the Schuylkill River. Here, near the close of 
the first quarter of the present century, under the superintendence of 

178 



FAIRMOUNT WATER-WORKS AND VICINITY. 179 

Frederick Graff, the designer and first engineer of the water-worlds 
(and wliose services are cominemorated by a monument on the 
grounds), was begun tliat system of water-supply which, since car- 
ried on through successive stages of development, now yields to the 
city, on an average, the enormous quantity of over 100,000,000 gallons 
of water per day. 

The beginning of the now immense Fairmount Park was the com- 
paratively small. tract which is immediately appurtenant to these 
water-works, which date from 1822, though the city was, through 
other channels, first supplied with water from the Schuylkill in 1790. 
Enormous engines, worked by water-power, force water from the river 
to the top of the hill, — the original "Fair-Mount," — where it is held 
in a distributing reservoir. From the top of this reservoir, ninety- 
five feet above the level of the river, a charming prospect is iDresented 
to the beholder, embracing in a semi birds-eye view numberless at- 
tractive features, near and remote, with which the city abounds. 
Passing the base of the hill runs the Schu^^lkill River, spanned here 
and there by several bridges, while beyond, on the vast net-work of 
tracks of the Pennsylvania Railroad, is an almost unceasing succession 
of moving trains. West Philadelphia, with its semi-rural features, 
adds a pleasing variety to the landscape, contrasting strikingly with 
the densely built-up portions of the city. Far down the river on the 
right are seen the fine buildings of the University of Pennsylvania, 
while on the left the ]^aval Asylum and the Schuylkill Arsenal are 
conspicuous. Hundreds of tall steeples and massive towers rise into 
view in all directions, among which the beholder will readily distin- 
guish the striking group comiDosed of the towers of the new City Hall 
and its surrounding buildings, at Broad and Market Streets. The 
station of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, at Twenty-fourth and 
Chestnut Streets ; the Church of the Holy Trinity, at ISTineteenth 
and Walnut Streets ; the dome of the Cathedral, on Logan Square ; 
the tower of the beautiful Catholic High-School, at Broad and Vine 
Streets ; and the spire of the beautiful Mary J. Drexel Home, near 
Girard College, are striking features in the remoter landscape. 

At Twenty-fifth and Biddle Streets, near the south-east angle of 
Fairmount Reservoir stands the Roman Catholic Church of St. Xavier, 
an old stuccoed building, remarkable for its conspicuous dome. At 
Twentieth and Spring Garden Streets is the Spring Garden Metho- 
dist Church, a fine Gothic structure in the Early English (or First 
Pointed) style of architecture, built of brown-stone. The Fifth Baptist 



180 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Church, Eighteentli and Spring Garden Streets, is one of the most 
beautiful edifices in the city. It is a brown-stone church in the d-ec- 
orated Gothic style, with a large parish building and a lofty spire. 
St. Francis Academy (Roman Catholic), No. 2324 Green Street, occu- 
pies a large building with a handsome green-stone front. At the 
corner of Nineteenth and Green Streets stands the Alexander Presby- 
terian Church, a very fine and commodious stone Gothic church, with 
a lofty spire. The Central Congregational Church, Eighteenth and 
Green Streets, is a very large and handsome Gothic building, of gray- 
and brown-stone, and is the principal church of its denomination in 
this part of the country. St. Matthias's Church (Ej)iscopalian) Nine- 
teenth and Wallace Streets, is a beautiful Gothic structure of stone. 




n^^ii^p^^ 



lilNCOLN MONUMENT. 



The Nineteenth Street Methodist Episcopal Church, at Nineteenth and 
Poplar Streets, is a neat and roomj^, but plain edifice of brown-stone. 
The principal entrance to this part of the East Park is from Green 
Street, where, on his left, the visitor has the above-named reservoir, 
the buildings pertaining to the water-works, and the steamboat-land- 
ing. Next, crossing an open space ornamented with a bronze statue 
of Lincoln, erected by the Lincoln Monument Association in the fall 
of 1871, we come to a hill covered with trees, among which go winding 
paths, and under which green grass and flowering shrubs combine 




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FAIRMOUNT WATER-WORKS AND VICINITY. 183 

their attractions, while around its base flowers bloom and fountains 
play, and the curving drive leads a glittering host of carriages. This 
is Lemon Hill, and on its summit is the mansion in which Robert 
Morris had his home during the Revolutionary struggle. Here the 
great linancier loved to dwell. Here he entertained many men whose 
names were made illustrious by those stirring times. Hancock, Frank- 
lin, the elder Adams, members of the Continental Congress, officers 
of the army and navj;-, and many of the foremost citizens met fre- 
quently under this hospitable roof. Here, busy in peace as in war, 
he afterwards planned those magnificent enterprises which were his 
financial ruin ; and from here he was led away to prison, the victim 
of laws equally barbarous and absurd, which, because a man could 
not pay what he owed, locked him up lest he might earn the means 
to discharge his debt. 

The fortunes of the once magnificent mansion have fallen, like 
those of its owner. It is now a restaurant, where the simpler forms of 
refreshments may be procured. Near at hand are the pavilions and 
amphitheatre, where free open-air concerts are given in the summer, 
and not far off stands the Lemon Hill Observatory, a tall skeleton 
tower of iron, with a passenger-elevator, by means of which visitors, 
for a small fee, are lifted up high enough to obtain a view of the 
country for many miles around. 

At the foot of Lemon Hill, nestled on the bank of the river, are 
the handsome houses of the boating clubs, built of stone and gen- 
erally in a Gothic style of architecture. These clubs, numbering a 
dozen or more, with an aggregate membership of about fifteen hun- 
dred, constitute the Schuylkill Navy, and form the germ of the Ath- 
letic Club of the Schu3dkill Navj^, whose beautiful club-house, at Nos. 
1626-28 Arch Street, — erected at a cost of some |140,000, — is one of the 
most attractive features of that section of the city. (See pp. 95 and 97.) 

Following the carriage-drive, we arrive at Grant's Cottage, a small 
building of upright hewn logs, which was used by General Grant as 
his head-quarters at City Point, Virginia, and was 
brought here after the close of the war. Near by, the 
Girard Avenue Bridge crosses the Schuylkill, under 
which bridge passes the very pleasant river-drive of the East Park. 
A large statue of Alexander von Humboldt, presented to Philadel- 
phia by her German citizens, overlooks the Girard Avenue entrance. 
At about half the distance between this statue and the Lincoln statue, 
there is an excellent statue of the late Hon. Morton McMichael. 



Grant's 
Cottage. 



XXI. 

East Fairmount Pakk and Vicinity. 

The territory included in Fairmount Park was formerly taken up 
with gentlemen's estates, which, from a very early date, crowned with 
their mansions its commanding heights, and covered with their pleas- 
ure-grounds its wooded slopes and lovely vales. Several of the old- 
time colonial mansions are still preserved within the i^recints of the 
Park, and are fraught with associations that make them i^recious 
souvenirs of by-gone days. Adjoining, on the north, the section em- 
braced in the immediate environs of the Fairmount Water- Works is 
the division of this great pleasure-ground commonly recognized as 
the East Park, extending in an almost continuous tract from Girard 
Avenue to the Wissahickon, and including within its limits miles of 
charming walks and carriage-drives, besides many objects of interest 
relating to old-time and modern Philadelphia. 

Just beyond the Girard Avenue Bridge is the Connecting Railroad 
Bridge, as it is popularly termed, which unites the Pennsylvania 
Railroad with its New York Division. Through the rocky bluff 
which forms the eastern abutment of the bridge a short tunnel has 
been cut for a carriage road. This route was opened in the summer 
of 1871, and developed some of the loveliest scenery in all the Park. 
A number of fine old country-seats were absorbed in this portion of 
the grounds, and they remain very nearly as their former owners left 
them. The Spring Garden Water- Works, with a pumping capacity of 
ninety million gallons daily, and a tall stand-pipe, are situated just 
north of Girard Avenue, on the bank of the Schuylkill River, the 
" Spring Garden Reservoir" being nearly half a mile to the east, at 
Twenty-seventh and Thompson Streets. These works have a much 
larger pumpage than any others in the city. The great Worthington 
and other steam pumps are well worthy of a visit. That densely-built 
part of the city which borders on this section of the Park is often 
called " Brewery town," from the very great number of breweries here 
established. To those who care for industries of this kind, a visit to 
these great breweries would be a source of much interest. North- 
westward from Brewerytown is the great East Park Reservoir (sup- 
184 . . 



Arnold's 
Residence. 



EAST FAIRMOUNT PARK AND VICINITY. 185 

plied by the Spring Garden Works), a mammoth receptacle covering 
one hundred and six acres, and having a storage capacity of about 
seven hundred million gallons. Tlie cost of its construction was 
about 12,000,000. This section of the Park is easily reached from 
Engleside and Ridge Avenue stations of the Pennsylvania Railroad 
and by the East Park cars of the Traction Company's line. 

As originally laid out, the East Park drive, shortly after its emer- 
gence from the tunnel near the Girard Avenue Bridge, turned to the 
right, somewhat away from the river, and involved a crossing at 
grade of the tracks of the Reading Railroad. This disagreeable and 
dangerous feature has now been removed by keeping the drive along 
the river's edge, and passing underneath the railroad at a point far- 
ther up, where it is carried across a ravine by means of an arched 
bridge. 

Near where the Reading Railroad crosses the river is Mount Pleas- 
ant, the former residence of Benedict Arnold. It was 
built by Captain John McPherson about 1762, and was 
purchased by Arnold as a niarriage-gift for his wife, 
Peggy Shippen, in the spring of 1779. After his treason it was confis- 
cated, and passed subsequently through a varied ownership, till it was 
bought by the Park Commission in 1868. Baron Steuben once leased 
it while it was in possession of the State, but it is not apparent that 
he ever occupied it. The Marquis Casa d'Yrujo, minister plenipoten- 
tiary of Spain, who married a daughter of Governor Thomas McKean, 
occupied it in 1802. West of Mount Pleasant we come to Rockland, 
which also formerly Avas part of the McPherson estate. The mansion 
was built about 1810, by George Thomson, a merchant, who sold it in 
1816 to Isaac C. Jones, who, w^ith his family, occupied it till it was 
incorporated with the Park. At a point a little above the mansion, 
where the road turns towards Strawberry Hill, is a jutting point or 
promontory, from which may be had a beautiful view of the river 
and of the heights beyond. Sunset from this point on a clear day is 
a sight which will long linger as a delightful picture in the mind of 
the one fortunate enough to witness it. 

North from Mount Pleasant is Ormiston. This property, before 
the Revolution, belonged to Joseph Galloway, and was forfeited to 
the State in consequence of his treason. It is a portion of a larger 
tract named "Orion," from its original owner, to whom it was con- 
firmed in 1671. The name of Ormiston is derived from an estate in 
Scotland. Across a sharp ravine from Ormiston lies Edgely, the 

12 



186 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



original Laurel Hill, which was occupied for many years by Samuel 
Shoemaker. An estate farther u-p the river, and known as " The 
Laurels," afterwards had its name changed to Laurel Hill, in conse- 
quence of which the Shoemaker place was named Edgely. About 
1828 it became the residence of Dr. Philip Sing Physick, one of Phila- 
delphia's most eminent surgeons in the earl}^ part of the century. 




SCHTTYLiKILl, FALLS BLUFFS, BELOW EDGELY. 

Strawberry Hill and Mansion were formerly a country-seat known 
as Summerville, which was occupied successively by William Lewis, 
a lawyer of eminence, and by Judge Hemphill. It afterwards be- 
came a favorite resort for picnics, and since its incorporation with the 
Park the house has been used as a restaurant. 

To the Park river-road Strawberry Hill presents a steep and rocky 
face, up which, o^oposite the steamboat-landing, has been constructed 



EAST FAIRMOUNT PARK AND VICINITY. 



187 



a foot-path, which, with its arclied portal, stone steps, aud rustic 
balustrade, is a i^icturesque feature of the drive. Beyond Strawberry 
Hill the road runs below Laurel Hill Cemetery, and, passing under 
the high-arched bridge of tlie Reading's Richmond branch, it skirts 
the river-front of Falls Village, and brings us to the bridge which 










THE WALK TO STRAWBERRY MANSION". 

here spans the Schuylkill, and forms the upper connecting link 
between the East and West Parks. 

That part of the built-up i^ortion of the city immediately border- 
ing on the East Park is, in general, occupied by people of industrial 
or commercial occupations. ISTear the steam-railways there are great 
lumber-yards, coal-3'ards, brick-yards, and the like ; and towards the 
north there are large tracts of ground not yet densely built up. At 



188 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

4 

a short distance farther east, however, we come upon one of the best- ' 
built and pleasantest sections of Philadelphia. 

At Twenty-ninth and York Streets is the Twenty-ninth Street 
Methodist Episcopal Church, of brick, with a massive granite front, 
forming- quite a conspicuous building. Near it, at Twenty-eighth 
Street and Susquehanna Avenue is the North Penn Mission (Presby- 
terian), a handsome gray-stone Gothic structure. The Eleventh Bap- 
tist Church, at Twenty-first and Diamond Streets, is not far distant. 
It is a neat structure of brown-stone, in Gothic style. On Diamond 
Street, near Twentieth, is the Union Methodist Episcopal Church, a 
very noteworthy edifice of granite, with Indiana limestone trim- 
mings. It is a beautiful church, of late renaissance style, with a 
charmingly decorated interior. On Eighteenth Street, near Dia- 
mond, is the Memorial Church of the Advocate (Episcopal), of granite, 
with a spacious parish building in the rear. This church is of excel- 
lent architectural quality. At the corner of Seventeenth Street and 
Montgomery Avenue is the Wagner Free Institute of Science, a large 
building, with a valuable library, cabinets, and laboratories. It was 
founded in 1855 by William Wagner, and in it free instruction is 
given, chiefl}^ by lectures, to many persons of either sex. The Baptist 
Home, for women, occupies an elegant and picturesque stone building 
at Seventeenth and Norris Streets. 

At Eighteenth and Berks Streets is the splendid new St. Eliza- 
beth's Church (Roman Catholic), of Leipersville granite, with Indi- 
ana limestone trimmings. This church has very manj^ interesting 
features. It is Gothic in general structure, with Romanesque decora- 
tions, and the interior, when fully finished, will present many bold 
and original peculiarities. The costly and rich windows, and the 
stations of the cross, with the statuary and pictures generally, are 
free and unconventional in a very remarkable degree. The Centen- 
nial Baptist Church, at Twenty-third and Oxford Streets, is a Gothic 
building of granite. Among other good buildings in this vicinity are 
the Twentieth Street Methodist Episcopal Church, at Twentieth and 
Jefferson Streets, a Gothic structure of brown-stone ; the Oxford Mar- 
ket, at Twentieth and Oxford Streets; the Church of Our Redeemer 
(Reformed Episcopal), a modest brick edifice, at Oxford and S\^den- 
ham Streets ; the Messiah Lutheran Church, a handsome building, at 
Sixteenth and Jefferson Streets ; and the North United Presbyterian 
Church, Master Street near Fifteenth, a very neat and unpretending, 
but an attractive looking church, clad with creeping vines. 



West Fairmount Park and Vicinity 

By far the largest part of the Park, exclusive of that narrow strip 
which borders the Wissahickon, lies west of the Schuylkill River, the 
extreme south-east angle being occupied by the Zoological Garden. 
The various sections of the tract are conveniently reached Ijy the 




liANSDOWNE DRIVE. 

Girard Avenue horse-cars, which enter it over the fine Girard Avenue 
Bridge ; by the trains of the Pennsylvania Railroad, from Broad 
Street Station, which stop at the Zoological Garden and at Park Sta- 

189 



190 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



tion on the Schuylkill Valley Division ; and also by the trains of the 
Reading (Main Line) and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroads, which 
stop at Girard Avenue Station, at the east end of the bridge, and at 
Belmont Station, on the west bank of the Schuylkill. Branches of 
the Traction Company's Market Street line and c)f the line on Chest- 
nut and Walnut Streets run to the West Park. 

Carriages entering the West Park, over the Girard Avenue Bridge, 
pass beneath the Connecting Railroad and enter upon the Lansdowne 
drive. The fine estate of Lansdowne contained two hundred acres, 
and was established by John Penn, " the American," whose nephew, 




SWEET BRIEK FROM EGGLESFIliLD. 

also named John, the son of Richard Penn, built a stately mansion 
here, and lived in it during the Revolutionarj' War, a struggle in 
which his sympathies were by no means with the party that was 
finally successful in wresting from him the noble State which was 
his paternal inheritance, and of which he had been governor. 

Just after entering the Lansdowne drive we j)ass, on our left, the 
Penn (or Letitia) House, a brick house originally occupied by William 
Penn, and named from his daughter Letitia. It formerly stood in 
Letitia Street, near Second and Market. 



WKST FAIRMOFNT PARK AND VICINITY. IDl 

Sweet Brier inuusion is (Ir' next passed, from which point there is 
a lovely view of the river iibove, and then, crossing the ruvinc by a 
rustic brids'c, we are in a section of tlie Park which was the scene of 
the great Centennial Exhibition of 1876. Of the Ex- 
hibition buildings only two now remain. Horticultural 
Hall and Memorial Hall. The site of the former was 
most happily chosen. It occupies a bluff that overlooks the Schuyl- 
kill one hundred feet to the eastward, and is bounded Ijy the deep 



Horticultural 
Hall. 




VIEW ABOVE SWEET BRIEE. 

channels of a pair of brooks equidistant on the north and south sides. 
Up the banks of these clamber the sturdy arboreal natives, as though 
to shelter in warm embrace their delicate kindred from abroad. Broad 
walks and terraces prevent their too close api)roach and the consequent 
exclusion of sunlight. 



192 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Entering- from the side by a neat flight of steps in dark marble, we 
find ourselves in a gayly-tiled vestibule thirty feet square, between 
forcing-houses, each one hundred by thirty feet. Advancing, we 
enter the great conservatory, two hundred and thirty by eighty feet, 
and fifty-five high, much the largest in this country, and but a trifle 
inferior in height to the palm-houses of Chatsworth and Kew. A 
gallery twenty feet from the floor carries us up among the dates and 
cocoanuts. The decorations of this hall are in keeping with the ex- 
ternal design. The dimensions of the building are three hundred 
and eighty by one hundred and ninety-three feet. 

Outside promenades, four in number, and each one hundred feet 
long, lead along the roofs of the forcing-houses, and contribute to the 
portfolio of lovely views that enriches the Park. Other prospects are 
offered by the upper floors of the east and west fronts, the aerial ter- 
race embracing in all seventeen thousand square feet. Restaurants, 
reception-rooms, and offices occupy the two ends. The cost of the 
building was $251,937. 

Leaving Horticultural Hall, we cross the bridge spanning the pic- 
turesque Lansdowne Ravine to Memorial Hall, which, as its name 




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WEST FAIRMOUNT PARK AND VICINITY. 195 

implies, contemplates indefinite durability. What Virginia and Massa- 
chusetts granite, in alliance with Pennsylvania iron, on a basis of one 
million Ave hundred thousand dollars, can effect in that 
direction, seems to have been done. The facade is in 
ultra-Renaissance, with arch and l)alustrade and open 
arcade. The square central tower, or what under a circular dome 
would be the drum, is quite in harmony witli the main front in pro- 
portion and outline, and renders the unity of the building very 
striking. That its object, of supplying the best light for pictures and 
statuary, is not lost sight of, is evidenced by the fact that three-fourths 
of the interior space is lighted from above, and the residue has an 
ample supply from lofty windows. The figures of America, Art, Sci- 
ence, etc., stud the dome and parapet, while eagles with wings out- 
spread decorate the four corners of the corner towers. 

The eight arched windows of the corner towers, twelve and a half 
b}^ thirty-four feet, are utilized for art-display. The iron doors of the 
front are inlaid with bronze panels, bearing the insignia of the States. 
From the Exhibition grounds we may take our way to George's 
Hill, up whose rather steep ascent we wind until at the summit we 
have attained an elevation of two hundred and ten feet above high 
tide. This tract, containing eightj^-three acres, was 
presented to the city by Jesse and Rebecca George, 
whose ancestors had held it for many generations. As 
a memorial of their generosity, this spot was named George's Hill, 
and its rare advantages of scenery and location will keep their name 
fresh forever. It is the grand objective-point of pleasure-parties. 
Few carriages make the tour of the Park without taking George's 
Hill in their way, and stopping for a few moments on its summit to 
rest their horses and let the inmates feast their eyes on the view 
which lies before them, — a view bounded only by League Island and 
the Delaware. 

At the foot of George's Hill, on the side next to the city, is an elab- 
orate allegorical fountain, adorned with marble statues, erected at 
the time of the Centennial Exhibition by the Catholic Total Absti- 
nence Union, and on the top of the Hill is Belmont Reservoir, with 
a storage capacity of forty million gallons, from which West Phila- 
delp>hia receives its principal w^ater-supply, the water being pumped 
from the Schujdkill River by the Belmont Water-Works, located 
near the Reading Railroad bridge over the Schuylkill. About 
a mile northward from George's Hill, on a sightly location in the 



George's 
Hill. 



19G 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Park (easily reached even by pedestrians), is Belmont Mansion, now 
a house of entertainment for callers, but once the home of the cele- 
brated Peters family of ante-Revolutionary fame. The original dwell- 
ing, a portion of which is still standing, was erected before the middle 
of the last century, and to this large additions w^ere subsequently 
made. The eminent Judge Richard Peters, scholar, wit, and patriot, 




CATHOLIC TOTAIi ABSTINENCE UNION FOUNTAIN. 

was born and died here (1744-1828), and here, while enjoying the hos- 
pitality of Judge Peters, AVashington is said to have planted a Span- 
ish walnut-tree, which grew to large size, and Lafayette, in 1824, 
planted a white walnut. 

The view from the piazza of the house is one which can scarcely 
be surpassed in America. It is one of those grand effects of nature 
and art combined, which man must acknowledge his inability to 
represent adequately on paper. 

Leaving Belmont, the road passes through a comparatively unin- 
teresting section to Chamouni, with its lake and concourse, and tlie 
northern limits of West Park. Near the lake it intersects the Falls 
road, and this takes us down to the Schuylkill, which we cross by a 
bridge, which brings us into the East Park at Falls Village. 



XXIII. 



Laurel Hill Cemetery and Beyond. 

Laurel Hill is one of the oldest and most celebrated of Ameri- 
can suburban cemeteries, having been opened for burials in 1825. Its 
natural site was always one of great beauty ; and its 
charms have been vastly imjiroved by the skill of the 
landscape gardener and the lavish hand of wealth. It 
is pre-eminent for the elegance and variety of its monumental work 
and mortuary sculpture, and for the names of the distinguished dead 
whose ashes lie buried within its walls. It lies upon the high and 
wooded bank of the Schuylkill, opposite the northern end of the 



Laurel Hill 
Cemetery. 




BRIDGE OVEli NICETOWN LANE, IN LAUKEL HILL, CEMETEKY. 
198 




tW) ll/-ijii ^^^>f- 



1 \ \ 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY AND BEYOND. 201 

West Park. Just north of it is the husy suburban and industrial 
village of Falls of Schuylkill. It may be reached by the Ridge 
Avenue cars. Laurel Hill Cemetery is divided into three parts : 
South, Central, and North Laurel Hill, without reckoning the well- 
known West Laurel Hill, which is on the opposite side of the Schuyl- 
kill, towards the north-west. Laurel Hill, or "The Laurels," now 
North Laurel Hill, was originally the family estate of the Sims family, 
while Central Laurel Hill was " Fairy Hill," the country home of Mr. 
George Pepper ; and South Laurel Hill was " Harleigh," once the seat 
of the Rawle family. Near the entrance to North Laurel Hill is an 
interesting sculptured group representing Old Mortality, his pony, 
and Sir Walter Scott, cut in brown-stone by the artist Thom. Across 
Ridge Avenue from Laurel Hill Cemetery is a group of smaller cem- 
eteries, among them Mount Vernon, which contains some splendid 
examples of funereal sculpture, and Mount Peace, a large and beau- 
tiful burying-ground, owned by the Odd Fellows, and which may be 
regarded as an extension of the older Odd-Fellows' Cemetery, else- 
where noticed, which lies half a mile south-eastward from Mount 
Peace. The Church of St, James the Less (Episcopalian) stands in a 
small and very neatly-kept burial-ground, between Clearfield Street 
and Nicetown Lane, a short distance from the main entrance to 
North Laurel Hill. It is a small though strikingly beautiful church 
of stone, in the Early English style, with a remarkably fine interior. 
It was once celebrated all over the country as one of the choicest 
specimens of church architecture in the United States. 

The ancient village of Falls of Schuylkill, also called Falls Village 
or The Falls, now in the Twenty-eighth ward, takes its name from 
certain rapids in the Schuylkill, now almost flooded 
out by the action of the dam at Fairmount. ' ' The Falls' ' 
is almost entirely an industrial place. Great factories 
of stone furnish employment to a large proportion of the inhabitants, 
both male and female. The built-up section is on the north-east side 
of the river. The lines of the Philadelphia and Reading Railway run 
not far from the river, on either bank. The principal street lies near 
the river, the side-streets climbing the steep hill-sides at irregular in- 
tervals. The principal building of any architectural interest is the 
church of St. James the Less, previously noticed. The largest con- 
gregation is that of St. Bridget's Church (Roman Catholic), on James 
Street, a plain structure of rough-cast brick. It has two thousand 
communicants and large parish schools ; and connected with the 



Falls of 
Schuylkill. 



Manayunk. 
seven miles 



202 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

church is a liouse of the Sisters of St. Joseph. Tliere is a large Baptist 
church on Queen Lane ; a tall and imposing Methodist Episcopal 
church on the same street, and a Presbyterian church, recently much 
enlarged, on Ridge Avenue. Just beyond Falls of Schuylkill, and 
below the mouth of the Wissahickon, we come to School Lane, one of 
the most beautiful suburban streets in the world. It runs jiorth-east. 
ward from Ridge Avenue to German town, and its borders are occu- 
pied by a succession of some of the handsomest residences in the 
country. 

North-west from Falls of Schuylkill, across Wissahickon Creek, 
we come to Manayunk, in the Twenty-first Ward of Philadelphia, but 
almost forming a city by itself. It is reached either 
by the Reading or the Pennsylvania Railroad, (about 
by the former and eight miles by the latter), as by the 
Ridge Avenue cars. It is a busy manufacturing centre. Its steep 
streets, and the quaint uniformity of its older dwellings (generally of 
stone or brick, and plastered), and the ponderous solidity of its great 
stone mills, give it a peculiar and characteristic appearance. Above 
it, along the crest of tlie hills, stretches the fine old town of Roxbor- 
ough, with many handsome residences. Manayunk contains some 
noteworthy churches, among them are the First Presbyterian Church 
of Manayunk, a large stuccoed building, standing at the corner of 
Centre and Chestnut Streets, near the Pennsj'lvania Railroad Station. 
St. David's Church (Episcopal), at the corner of Centre and Baker 
Streets, is a vevy fine English Gothic edifice, with a grand tower and 
steeple. The First Baptist Church of Manayunk, on Green Lane, is a 
neat- building with a pretty Gothic front of limestone. The Church 
of St. Mary of the Assumption (Roman Catholic), on Oak Street, is a 
very spacious, old stuccoed building. By far the finest piece of archi- 
tecture in Manayunk is the Church of St. John the Baptist (Roman 
Catholic), now being erected. When completed this 
will be one of the grandest churches in America. Its 
cost will exceed |200,000. It is built of granitoid stone 
from Stockton, New Jersey. Its nave is one hundred and eighty-seven 
feet long, and the breadth in the transepts one hundred and six feet. 
Its height in the nave is nearly one. hundred feet. It is of a plain 
modern Gothic style, and its decorations are to be of a severely and 
strictly ecclesiastical type. The Wissahickon Methodist Church, cor- 
ner of Terrace and Adams Streets, is a pretty stone edifice. The 
Wissahickon Baptist Church, on Terrace Street, unfinished, is to be a 



St. John's 
Church. 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY AND BEYOND. 203 

fine Gothic church of stone. St. Timothy's Workingmen's Club has 
an elegant stone building, corner of Ridge Avenue and Vasser Street. 
St. Timothy's Church, Roxborough (Episcopalian), on Ridge Avenue, 
near Shur's Lane, is a very beautiful and spacious structure. It is a 
low-roofed, brown-stone Gothic building, with parish school-houses 
and other adjuncts, quite in keeping with its fine semi-rural surround- 
ings. The Manatawna Baptist Church, Roxborough, on Ridge Avenue, 
is a massive stone Gothic edifice, with a fine tower and steeple. Very 
near it is the Roxborough Lyceum building, with a free library and 
reading-room. Tiie Leverington Presbyterian Church, corner of Ridge 
and Leverington Avenues, is a substantial granite church with a 
green-stone front, quite unlike the traditional or conventional church 
in its general aspect, yet very handsome. The other churches of 
Manayunk must be passed over briefly ; they include the Mount Ver- 
non Baptist Church, the Central Methodist Episcopal Church, Green 
Lane, Roxborough ; Mount Zion Methodist Episcopal Church, Green 
Lane and Poplar Street ; the Church of the Holy Family (Roman 
Catholic), and others. 

Closely associated in business interests with Philadelphia, though 
twelve miles distant by rail from the centre of the city (only a short 
distance, however, from its limits), is the busy, indus- 
trial town of Conshohocken, in Montgomery County, 
with some eight thousand inhabitants. It is accessible 
by the Norristown branch of the Reading Railroad and by the Schuyl- 
kill Valley division of the Pennsylvania Railroad ; while in the ad- 
jacent village of West Conshohocken the main line of the Reading 
Railroad has a station. A branch of the latter road extends from 
Conshohocken to Oreland, on the North Penn Railroad. Consho- 
hocken lies in the deep, trough-like valley of the Schuylkill. Iron- 
works, cotton-mills, and other manufactories line the river-bank, and 
the town, as seen from the railway, looks rough and unattractive. 
But as the traveller climbs the steep hill-side to the north-east, new 
scenes present themselves. The trees are here densely shaded with 
trees, and niany handsome public and private buildings are seen. 
The great architectural ornament of Conshohocken is Calvary Church 
(Episcopalian), which is said to be the finest church edifice in Mont- 
gomery County. It is built of local stone, in the Pointed style of 
architecture. It has a lofty stone spire, and the window traceries are 
Indiana limestone. The stained-glass windows, and the interior dec- 
oration generally, are greatly admired. 

13 



Consho- 
hocken. 



XXIV. 



Wissahickon 
Creek. 



Up the Wissahickon. 

Beyond Falls Village, a short distance brings us to the mouth of 
the Wissahickon, and as we turn our faces up its Drive the first object 
to attract our attention is the magnificent viaduct which 
carries the tracks of the Norristown branch of the Read- 
ing Railroad across the gorge. It is four hundred and 
ninety-two feet in length, twenty-eight feet wide, seventy feet high, 
and has five spans of sixty-five feet each. It is built of stone, and is 
a most substantial and, at the same time, graceful structure. Its noble 

arches form a fitting portal to 
the beautiful and romantic 
valley which it spans, and 
which is one of the most re- 
markable regions ever in- 
cluded within the limits of a 
-— ,^ great city. Entering it from 
the heat and glare of a sum- 
^; mer's day seems like pene- 
trating Calypso's grotto, so 
dark and cool are its shaded 
precincts, with their mossy 
rocks, their trickling rills, 
and feathery ferns. In its 
lower part the Wissahickon 
has a placid, pool-like aspect, 
caused by the checking of its 
current by a dam thrown 
across near its mouth. This 
gives the stream a width and depth beyond what are natural to it, and 
makes this part of its course an admirable boating-ground for the 
picnic-parties and recreation-seekers who, from earlj^ morning till late 
in the evening, may, in the summer-time, be found disporting them- 
selves upon its surface. 

As we proceed, the drive, following the windings of the stream, 
204 





THE WISSAHICKON CREEK, FROM RIDGE AVENUE, 



UP THE WISSAHICKON. 207 

leads us beneath beetling crags and overhanging trees, the narrow 
valley-bottom occasionally broadening into a glade, and affording 
room for a house of entertainment, of which several are passed as we 
ascend the stream. Some of these are old-time structures, and their 
quaint picturesqueness makes them harmonious adjuncts to their 
romantic setting. 

The Wissahickon in its upper course is a brawling, rapid stream, 
swirling around the boulders that intersperse its bed with an eddying 
sweep, which makes us think of trout ; but those dainty exquisites of 
the finny tribe are not among its denizens. The name is said to be 
the Indian for catfish, and that plebian member of the fish family is 
about all that it yields to reward the patient angler. "Catfish and 
waffles" has always been the shibboleth of restaurants along the 
Wissahickon, though on what principal this gastronomic combina- 
tion is based must be left to philosophers to settle. While never a 
trout stream, the Wissahickon was formerly much more prolific of 
fish than it is now. The erection of mills, with their dams, and the 
pollution of the water by their waste pretty- much annihilated all but 
the very hardiest species. Now, however, the mills having been re- 
moved, an effort has been made to stock the stream with bass and 
other fish, and it is not improbable that, in the coming years, its 
waters restored to their j)ristine purity, the Wissahickon may become 
as favorite a resort for the fisherman as it always has been for the 
poet, the artist, and the lover of nature. 

As we advance along the beautiful drive on the western bank, our 
attention is arrested by a curious structure crossing the gorge high 
above our heads, dififerent from anything we have heretofore seen. 
This is known as the Pipe Bridge. It is six hundred and eighty-four 
feet long, and one hundred feet above the creek. The pipes that sup- 
ply German town with water form the chords of tlie bridge, the whole 
being bound together with wrought-iron. It was designed by Fred- 
erick Graff, and constructed under his superintendence. Near this is 
"Devil's Pool," a basin in Cresheim Creek, which rises in Montgom- 
ery County, and, flowing westwardly, here unites with the Wissa- 
hickon. Its valley was formerly the site of several mills, which have 
now been removed. 

Valley Green Hotel is. next reached, and affords a comfortable 
resting-place for man and beast. It is a quaint old wayside-inn, a 
favorite house of call with the frequenters of the drive, and a tempt- 
ing subject for artists, by whom it has been sketched time and again. 



208 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



FROM DEVIL'S POOL 
TO INDIAN KOCK. 



Half a mile beyond the Valley Green Hotel stands the first public 
fountain erected in Philadelphia. A lion's-head spout carries the 

water of a cold hill-side 
spring, niched in a 
granite arch, into a 
marble basin. Upon a- 
slab of marble above 
the niche are the words 
"Pro bono jDublico," 
and beneath the basin 
is the legend ' ' Esto per- 
petua." It was erected 
in 1854, and was the gift of Mr. Joseph 
Cook, a public-spirited citizen. 

Near Valley Green is a stone bridge 
across the Wissahickon, from which 
a beautifully-shaded and well-kept 
road leads up the steep ascent, de- 
bouching upon the plateau above near 
the new Wissahickon Inn. To the left of this road, as 
it winds upward, may be caught a glimpse of the re- 
cently-erected palatial residence of Mr. H. H. Houston, 
one of the costliest and most magnificent private structures in or about 
Philadelphia. Through a mile and a half of rugged scenery above 
Valley Green we emerge into the smiling landscape of White Marsh 
Valley, and our delightful tour of the Wissahickon is at an end. 

The Wissahickon Valley is full of traditional spots and historical 
associations. "Hermit's Lane," "Hermit's Glen," and "Hermit's 
Well" are memorials of the German mystic, Kelpius. "Lover's 
Leap," "Indian Rock," and "Devil's Pool" all have their stories, and 
legendary romance sheds its halo everywhere throughout this wild and 
picturesque locality. Kelpius, of whom we have just made mention, 
was a singular character. He was a native of Siebenbiirgen, and em- 
igrated to Pennsylvania with others of his school of thought, the dis- 
tinguishing characteristic of their sect being devotion for the sake of 
religion to a single and solitary life. He was a learned man, well 
versed in the ancient languages, and a writer in Hebrew, Latin, Greek, 
and English. After his death the society rapidl^^ declined, its mem- 
bers, no longer sustained by his precept and example, gradually suc- 
cumbing to the temptations of domestic life and social intercourse. 




!2: 




Ninth and 

Green Streets 

Station. 



XXV. 

The Reading's Routes and Stations. 

The several lines of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad having 
their termini in Philadelphia are known respectively as the Main Line, 
having its principal station at Broad and Callowhill Streets ; the 
Philadelphia & Atlantic City Division, whose stations are at Chestnut 
Street and South Street wharves ; and the New York Division, which, 
besides the Bound Brook Route, embraces the Germantown and Chest- 
nut Hill, the Norristown, and the Bethlehem Branches. The prin- 
cipal initial station is at Ninth and Green Streets, and 
while this station is environed bj^ surroundings of no 
unusual interest, it possesses considerable importance as 
the starting-point for trains not only over the principal 
branches of the road, but also for trains over the Norristown branch 
and for many of the trains for New York via Bound Brook. The 
immediate locality of this station is conveniently reached by several 
lines of city street-cars, particularly by the cars on Green Street, 
which pass the station, by those on Eighth Street, which cross Green 
Street, and by the numerous lines of the Traction Company, which, 
by a system of passes, convey passengers near to this vicinity from 
almost all sections of the city. 

Comfortable residences, interspersed with minor business concerns 
and a sprinkling of churches, mostly of the plainer sort, are charac- 
teristic of this locality, an exception being the heavy business estab- 
lishment (chemical laboratory) of Powers & Weightman, at Ninth and 
Parrish Streets, where, in connection with their extensive manufac- 
tory at Falls of Schuylkill, is produced a line of fine chemicals and 
drugs for use in medicine and the arts, perhaps imequalled by that of 
any other house in the country. Three squares from this station, at 
the north-east corner of Spring Garden and Marshall Streets, stands 
the fine new building (Assembly-Hall and Library) of the German 
Society of Pennsylvania, an association organized in 1764, by citizens 
of German birth, for the purpose of affording aid and protection to 
poor, sick, and distressed German immigrants. In 1781 this associa- 
tion was incorporated, and in 1805 it erected a home on Seventh Street, 
210 



THE READING S llOUTES AND STATIONS. 



211 



below Market, which it occupied until 1887, when it moved to its new 
quarters, a handsome rock-face brown-stone and pressed brick build- 
ing, on which 166,000 had been expended. Among the assets of the 
Society — amounting at the close of 1888 to $138,461.69— is a library of 
30,000 volumes, considered the finest German library in the United 
States. In 1885 a free employment-bureau was started, under the au- 
spices of the Society, through which some twelve hundred Immigrants 
each year are supplied with situations. The executive officers are : 
President, John C. Fife ; Secretary, Dr. Joseph Bernt. Near the 




ASSEMBLY-HAIili OF THE GERMAN SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA, 

building of the German Society stands., at the south-east corner of 
Sixth and Spring Garden Streets, the handsome granite building of 
the Northern Savings-Fund, Safe Deposit and Trust Company, incor- 
porated in 1871, and at the north-west corner of Seventh and Spring 
Garden Streets is the imposing edifice of the First Reformed Church 
in America, erected in 1853-55, with a fine portico on the Spring Gar- 
den front. Two squares to the north, on Sixth Street, above Green, 
is the North Presbyterian Church, of brick with a stucco-finished, or- 
namental portico, and on Sixth Street, above Brown (Nos. 803-817), 



212 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

stands the handsome Hebrew synagogue Keneseth- Israel (Reformed 
Congregation), an imposing brick edifice with oriental towers sur- 
mounting the front. Near the latter, on Franklin Street, above 
Brown, is St. Jude's Protestant Episcopal Church, a brown-stone Gothic 
structure, bearing the welcoming inscription, "seats free;" and on 
Seventh Street, above Brown, is the Second Reformed Church in 
America, a brick edifice with a handsome Grecian portico. On Frank- 
lin Street, above Green, is the Protestant Episcopal All Souls' Mission 
for the Deaf and Dumb. Just above Green Street, on Eighth (ISTos. 
617-623), stands the Tenth Baptist Church, a plain stucco-finished 
brick, and on Eighth Street, extending from Green Street to Spring 
Garden, is the imposing Handel and Haydn Hall, a plain stucco-fin- 
ished brick building, four stories high, with stores on the first floor 
and assembly-rooms and offices above. At Tenth and Wallace Streets 
(two squares to the west), stands the edifice of the First Reformed 
Church in the United States (organized in 1727), a pointed, light-stone 
structure on a brown-stone base in the Gothic style of architecture. 
Midway between Tenth and Eleventh Streets, on the north side of 
Green Street, is the handsome Green Street Methodist Episcopal Church, 
with a fine front, consisting of a pediment supported by four pillars, 
and ornamental windows. At Eleventh and Mount Vernon Streets 
is the Protestant Episcopal Church of the Nativity, a plain stucco- 
finished structure, and on the east side of Eleventh, between Spring- 
Garden and Mount Vernon Streets, stands the Spring Garden Presby- 
terian Church, with a fine porticoed front. On Twelfth Street, below^ 
Melon Street (Nos. 667-669), is the Central Christian Church (Disciples 
of Christ), and on Thirteenth Street below Melon (Nos. 658-664) is 
the Zion Baptist Church. 

Six-tenths of a mile from the station at Ninth and Green Streets, 
as measured on the railroad, and twelve squares as numbered on 
Ninth Street (at No. 1200 North Ninth), is Girard Ave- 
nue Station, where trains sometimes stop, but where 
there is little to interest or attract the casual observer. 
On the north-west corner of Ninth Street and Girard Avenue stands 
the Girard Avenue Farmers' Market, of fine architectural proportions, 
and on Tenth Street, just below Girard Avenue, is the North Tenth 
Street Presbyterian Church, now of little architectural attractiveness, 
but whose pillars in front indicate that it was once a somewhat pre- 
tentious building. At the south-east corner of Girard Avenue and 
Franklin Street stands the handsome building of the National Security 



Girard Ave- 
nue Station. 



THE reading's ROUTES AND STATIONS. 213 

Bank, of rough-hewn granite, and on the west side of Eighth Street, 
near Girard Avenue, standing in close proximity, are Christ Church 
of Evangelical Association, and the Sj^nagogue of the Congregation 
Rodef Shalom, the latter a plain but handsome structure of pressed 
brick. On Seventh Street, below Girard Avenue (Nos. 9G1-972 North 
Seventh), stands the imposing Second Baptist Church, with a brown- 
stone front trimmed with light stone, and having a steeple covered 
with colored slate. Mention may here be made of the si)acious and 
beautiful green-stone Temple Presbyterian Church, at Franklin and 
Tliompson Streets (two squares from Girard Avenue Station), di- 
rectly opposite which is the Second Moravian Church, of rough 
granite, with brow^i-stone buttresses ; a ver^^ plain edifice. The 
North Baptist Church, at Eighth and Master Streets, a square farther 
away, is overgrown with a luxuriant mantle of ivy. At Fifth Street 
and Girard Avenue is St Peter's Church (Roman Catholic), a very 
large, old stuccoed building of. the Roman-Corinthian architecture. 
Large parochial schools and various excellent charities are sustained 
by this Church, with its large corps of priests. At Sixth Street and 
Girard Avenue is the Farmers' Market. 

A short distance from Girard Avenue, and one mile from the initial 
station at Ninth and Green Streets, is the important Columbia Avenue 
Station, which, besides being a stopping-place for all 
regular trains on this branch, may be regarded as the 
centre of a not unattractive section of the citj^, rows of 
handsome houses, interspersed with fine churches, not 
being uncommon in this vicinity. City cars also, from all directions, 
pass near here, making the locality exceptionally convenient of access. 
A square east of this station, on Columbia Avenue, directly in the 
course of Franklin Street, stands the Cohocksink Presbyterian Church, 
a large, ivy-clad, brown-stone structure with a lofty spire, visible from 
a great distance. A few steps to the west, at Eighth Street and 
Columbia Avenue is Zion Church (Episcopal), a large, old-fashioned 
brick building, rough-cast and plain, but with good architectural fea- 
tures. At Seventh and Norris Streets is the Seventh Street Methodist 
Episcopal Church, of gray-stone, with brown-stone trimmings. Just 
south, at Seventh Street and Montgomery Avenue, is St. Luke's 
Evangelical Lutheran Church, a fine building of stone. On Seventh 
Street, above Columbia Avenue, is the Jewish Temple Adath Jeshurun, 
a very handsome brick synagogue in an oriental style of architecture. 
Among the other churches in this section of the city are the Fiftieth 



Columbia 
Avenue 
Station, 



214 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

Baptist Church, at Seventh Street and Susquehanna Avenue, one of 
the prettiest Gothic buildings in Philadelphia, and the Fifth Moravian 
Church, Germantown Avenue near Dauphin Street, the latter a se- 
verely plain edifice, of almost rustic simplicity of design. The large 
Roman Catholic St. Edward's Church consists really of two churches, 
a handsome brown-stone Gothic church on Eighth Street, and a tall 
and spacious brick church on York Street, betw^een which is a Con- 
vent of Sisters of the Holy Child Jesus, who conduct the parish school. 
At Eighth and Cumberland Streets is the Memorial Methodist Epis- 
copal Church, a large brick structure. At Ninth Street and Lehigh 
Avenue stands the Holy Cross Church (Evangelical Lutheran), while 
diagonally opposite is St. Simeon's Church (Episcopal), both unfin- 
ished edifices of stone. At the corner of Lehigh and Germantown 
Avenues is the Bank of America, with an odd-looking building of 
stone. The Gaston Presbyterian Church, Eleventh Street and Lehigh 
Avenue, is a brown-stone church in the Early English style. On 
Lehigh Avenue, occupying opposite corners of Twelfth Street, are 
the Lehigh Avenue Baptist and the Cookman Methodist Episcopal 
churches, both of stone and brick. On tlie north side of the avenue, 
corner of Thirteenth Street, stand the very spacious 
and handsome stone buildings of the Methodist Home, 
where aged and infirm members of the Methodist Epis- 
copal Church are provided with the comforts needed in their declining 
years. This very useful institution was opened in 1871. 

On Seventh Street, below Oxford, is the Trinity (German) Reformed 
Church, a substantial-looking, plain Gothic structure of brown-stone. 
Far away to the left we see the grandly-proportioned and lofty tower 
of St. Michael's Church (Roman Catholic), at Second and Jefferson 
Streets, one of the architectural land-marks of its district. This 
church is an historic one; for the original St. Michael's w^as one of 
the churches burned in the Native American riots of 1844. 

Beyond the stations at Huntingdon Street and Sixteenth Street, re- 
spectively two and two and one-half miles from Ninth and Green 
Streets, — and near which is the Philadelphia Ball-Park, and the other 
features of interest mentioned above as in the vicinity of Broad Street 
and Lehigh Avenue, — is the neat Tioga Station (three 
and two-tenths miles from the station at Ninth and 
Green Streets) surrounded by a community of attractive 
residences interspersed with several churches and otherpublic institu- 
tions. Especially attractive is the new Temple Baptist Church, at the 



Methodist 
Home. 



Tioga 
Station. 



Wayne 
Junction. 



216 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

corner of Twenty-second and Tioga Streets, a fine brick structure on 
a stone base witli carved wood finish. Wortliy of note also is the 
Odd-Fellows' Home, at Seventeenth and Tioga Streets, one of the 
oldest and best institutions of its class. No money has been wasted 
here on architectural effects, but all contributions have been made to 
tell for the purpose intended. Not far distant, at Twentieth and 
Ontario Streets, stands the Home for Orphans of Odd-Fellows. 

Less than a half-mile from Tioga is Nicetown Station, at which are 
the Midvale Steel- Works, and which takes its name from the old-time 
village of Nicetown, situated to the eastward on German town Ave- 
nue. Beyond this station, and four and three-tenths miles from 
Ninth and Green Streets Station, is Wayne Junction, 
where are extensive carpet- and cotton-mills. Here the 
trains for New York and intermediate places on the 
Bound Brook route, diverging to the eastward from the Germantown 
and Chestnut Hill branch, traverse a highly-cultivated section of 
rare, natural beauty, occupied largely by estates of "Old Families," 
but among which contemporary "Merchant Princes" are rapidly 
gaining a foothold. Here and there grand old naansions sit embow- 
ered in groves of trees that generations ago were the pride of the pro- 
genitors of the present occupants, while, standing out in bold relief 
on sightly locations, are seen many establishments of a modern type, 
the elegance of which mark the proprietors as among those whose 
bank accounts are not light. Passing Logan and Tabor stations on 
this route, respectively one mile and one and six-tenths miles (by 
railroad measurement) from Wayne Junction, the route joins the 
Reading's Bethlehem Branch (formerly the North Penn Railroad) at 
Fern Rock, six and six-tenths miles from Third and Berks Streets 
Station, the latter being the initial station of the Bethlehem Branch. 
A few stations, called respectively Lehigh Avenue, Erie Avenue, Drove- 
Yard, Lindley, and Tabor, intervene between Third and Berks Streets 
and Fern Rock, near the last named of which (Tabor Station) are the 
fine buildings erected by the Jewish Hospital Association, on Olney 
Road near York Pike, embracing the Hospital proper, an elegant edi- 
fice of pointed stone, in a mixed semi-Moorish style of architecture, 
with accommodations for sixty-five patients ; the Mathilde Adler Loeb 
Dispensary (free to all), founded by Mr. and Mrs. Abraham Adler, and 
Mr. August B. Loeb, in memory of Mr. Loeb's wife, a daughter of 
the former ; and the splendid new Home for Aged and Infirm Israelites 
(now approaching completion), which will have a capacity for one 




m-'i >f- 



THE READING S ROUTES AND STATIONS. 



219 



THIS HOSPITAL 

WAS ERECTED BY THE VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS 
OP^ THE 

ISRAELITES OF PHILADELPHIA, 

AND IS DEDICATED TO THE RELIEF OF THE SICK 
AND WOUNDED, 

WITHOUT REGARD TO CREED, COLOR, OR NATIONALITY, 

under the management of a board composed 
of members of the 

Jewish Hospital Association. 



hundred inmates, and be replete with all the modern appliances for 
convenience and comfort. The Home is of brick and stone, and in 
the Moorisli style of architecture. A dedicatory inscription over the 
the main entrance to the 
Hospital expresses the pur- 
pose of its erection, and 
proclaims that it (as well as 
the Dispensary) is free to all. 
A synagogue is attached to 
the establishment for the 
use of Jewish patients and 
the inmates of the Home. 
The grounds, and the build- 
ings erected under the au- 
spices of the Association (up 
to the present time), represent an outlay of about $250,000. 

Bej^ond the Fern Rock junction the consolidated line passes, at 
intervals of about half a mile, the stations of Lawnton, Oak Lane, 
Melrose (late "City Line"), Ashbourne, and Ogontz, the 
last name being the present cognomen of the old village 
of 8hoemakertown, where years ago was the old York 
Road Station of the North Penn Railroad. 

A mile from Ogontz Village, crowning one of the wooded heights 
in the midst of the beautiful " Chelten Hills" region, five hundred 
feet above the Delaware River, stands the Ogontz School 
Establishment for Young Ladies, once a private residence 
of almost baronial grandeur, built at a cost of a million 
dollars or more by Mr. Jay Cooke, banker and railroad magnate, who, 
after a varied financial experience, a few years since leased the prop- 
erty to the present occupants — then the proprietors of the well-known 
Chestnut Street Seminary, Philadelphia — for educational purposes. 
Here, surrounded by wide acres of lawn, rises the main building of 
the establishment, a granite structure four and five stories in height, 
in dignity and spaciousness resembling an aristocratic country-seat of 
the Old World, and in elegant appliances suited to its present use, 
probably without an equal anywhere among educational institutions. 
Its spacious apartments embrace a drawing-room, thirty by fifty 
feet in extent ; a library thirty-five by forty ; and a dining-room with 
a capacity for seating seventy-five guests. The main hall, seventeen 
feet Vv^ide and eighty feet long, terminates in a conservatory or winter- 



Ogontz 
Station. 



Ogontz 
School. 



220 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

garden, forty feet square. A broad and massive staircase of solid 
walnut leads to some seventy-five upper rooms, formerly the guest- 
chambers of Mr. Cooke, now the private apartments of teachers and 
pupils. This staircase is decorated with a medallion portrait of 
"Ogontz," an Indian chief, — a boy time friend of Mr. Cooke, — and 
with panels in stained glass representing Indian scenes. 

Other principal buildings in the well-kept grounds, devoted to the 
use of the School, are the Art-building, the Infirmary, and the Gym- 
nasium (including a bowling-alley, dancing-fioor, laboratory, music- 
rooms, and servants' rooms), besides which are the green -houses, 
water-works, gas-works, stables, etc. 

Says The Christian Union: "It goes without dispute that no other 
private school enjoys such environments, and j^et it must be clearly 
understood that this lovely dwelling-place is but the casket in which 
the real Ogontz is enshrined. 

"The School, opened here five years ago, was not an untried ven- 
ture, but the outgrowth of one of the oldest institutions in Philadel- 
phia, whose history is coeval with that of woman's higher education. 

"... The rational system of tuition, together with the remarkable 
facilities at the disposal of the school, is what renders it unique, and 
places it on a plane far above that of the ordinary high-class boarding- 
school." 

Nine-tenths of a mile from Ogontz Station is the station of Chelten 
Hills, beyond which (less than half a mile) is Jenkintown Station (ten 
miles from Ninth and Green Streets) which, with the village of the 
same name, lying a half-mile back from the railroad and containing 
the usual complement of churches and other public institutions, may 
perhaps be held to mark the limits of the environs of Philadelphia on 
that line. An allied branch, called the Philadelphia, Newtown, and 
New York Railroad, and running through this section, has the fol- 
lowing stations, with the distances as indicated, from the initial sta- 
tion at Third and Berks Streets : Erie Avenue (1.9 miles), Wyoming 
Avenue (3.2), Olney (3.9), Crescentville (4.9), Lawndale (5.6), Cheltenham 
(6.6), Ryer's (6.9) Fox Chase (8.0), Valley Falls (10.8), Huntingdon 
Valley (11.4), etc. 

Just beyond Wayne Junction the tracks of the Germantown 
and Chestnut Hill Branch cross Germantown Avenue (now gener- 
ally called "Main Street"), the two routes from this point taking 
parallel courses to Chestnut Hill, at an average distance from each 
other of about a half-mile, the frequently occurring stations on the 



THE READING S ROUTES AND STATIONS. 



221 



railroad being connected with corresponding points on Main Street 
by Lanes and Avenues. Six-tenths of a mile from Wayne Junction 
is the station of Fisher's, passing which is the well-linown Fislier's 




WAKEFIELD MILLS, GERMAN TOWN. 

Lane, on which, to the eastward, on Wingohocking Creek, are the 
quaint old Wakefield Mills, and near whose outlet into Main Street 

14 



222 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

(and on the latter) are the handsome Wakefield Presbyterian Church 
and the Protestant Episcopal Church of St. John the Baptist. Less than 
a mile from Fisher's is Wister Station, on a street of the same name 
(formerly known as Duy's Lane), lined with fine residences. At the 
corner of Wister and Wakefield Streets is the handsome Third Baptist 
Church, of rock-faced, dark, gray-stone, with light stone trimmings. 
Near here, on Penn Street (formerly Shoemaker's Lane) is the man- 
sion of Thomas MacKellar, Esq., millionaire type-maker and looet, 
who, though ]3rofessedly a business-man rather than litterateur^ finds 
opxDortunity, amid the requirements of exacting duties to write 
charming "Rhymes atween Times," and other poetical effusions, 
chiefly of a religious nature, for the gratification of his friends. Near 
the junction of Penn and Main Streets, on the west side of the latter, 
is the plain old Trinity Lutheran Church, and on Main Street, near 
Bringhurst, is St. Stephen's Methodist Episcopal Church, of rough 
stone, with a tall spire covered with slate. A short distance beyond 
Wister Station is a station bearing the euphonious name of Wingo- 
hocking, near which, to the eastward, across a ravine (where runs 
Wingohocking Creek), on a sightly eminence, is a noted group of 
charitable institutions. Here is the well-known Germantown Hos- 
pital, built for the benefit, primarily, of the large number of laborers 
employed in that vicinity, and entirely supported by private contri- 
butions. Near the Hospital is the Jewish Foster Home and Orphan 
Asylum, a favorite object of charity with benevolent Hebrews, where 
from seventy-five to one hundred children, of either sex, are supported 
and schooled. Here also is that estimable charity, the Home for the 
Aged Poor of Both Sexes, conducted by the "Little Sisters of the 
Poor," who dispense to the aged under their care (some three hun- 
dred) such contributions as they gather up in their periodical rounds 
among the charitably disposed. This Home, consisting of a connected 
group of spacious apartments, is one of over two hundred and fifty 
similar institutions maintained by this Order in various parts of the 
world. 

Next to Wingohocking Station, and exactly six miles from Ninth 
and Green Streets, is the Reading's Chelten Avenue Station, the princi- 
pal Germantown station on the Reading Railroad, and the most con- 
venient to the intersection of Chelten Avenue and Main Street, which 
may be considered the local business centre of the place. A short 
distance south of Chelten Avenue, at Main and Mill Streets, is Market 
Square, where is the Soldiers' Monument, and fronting which is the 



224 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Market Square Presbyterian Church, with its beautiful front of stone, 
and over tlie vestibule of wliich is a handsome circular window! 
Here also is St. Luke's Protestant Episcopal Church, in well-kept 
grounds, opposite which is the Free Library. On the corners opposite 
the Square are the Germantown Saving- Fund and the Germantown 




FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, GERMANTOWN. 

National Bank, both of massive granite. On Chelten Avenue, just 
west of Main Street, is the handsome First Presbyterian Church (of 
Germantown) a Gothic structure of dark stone trimmed with light 
granite. Fartlier north, near Main and Johnson Streets, and among 
the famous land-marks, is the old Chew House, a venerable stone 



THE reading's ROUTES AND STATIONS. 225 

mansion, the scene of an interesting incident at the battle of Ger- 
man town, its walls effectually sheltering a portion of the British 
forces from an attack by the Americans,— which it is claimed lost the 
battle to the latter. The Johnson House, standing a little south of and 
on the other side of the way from the Chew House, is another vener- 
able structure of much interest. 

About a mile beyond Chelten Avenue Station is the station of 
Walnut Lane, near which, on Washington Lane, east of the railroad, 
is the Crematory and Columbarium of the Philadelphia Cremation 
Society, whose office is at No. 242 Franklin Street, Philadelphia. 
Another mile brings us to Gorgas Station, followed consecutively, at 
brief intervals, by Mount Pleasant Station and Mount Airy Station,— 
the latter eight and a half miles from Ninth and Green Streets,'— 
either of the three being convenient to that charming locality known 
as Mount Airy, midway (on Main Street) between Germantown 
and Chestnut Hill. At Mount Airy Station is the beautiful Grace 
Episcopal Church, and at Mount Airy, on Main Street, among other 
objects of interest is the new building of the Evangelical Lutheran 
Theological Seminary, founded in 1864, and from 1865 to 1889 carried 
on at No. 212 Franldin Street, Philadelphia. This Seminary has an 
attendance of about seventy-five students, its total alumni numbering 
about five hundred. Its library contains 20,000 volumes, and is espe- 
cially rich in English and German versions of the Bible and Liturgies. 
Among the members of its faculties, past and present, are names of 
men eminent in the Lutheran Church, of whom the late Rev. C. F. 
Schaeffer, D.D., and the late Rev. C. P. Krauth, D.D., LL.D., are 
conspicuous examples. A short distance south of the Seminary, also 
on Main Street, is the Lutheran Orphans' Home and Asylum for the 
Aged and Infirm, whose inmates number about seventy-five children 
and some thirty-five aged people. 

Nearly a half-mile from Mount Airy Station is Mermaid Station, 
near which, at the intersection of Main Street and Mermaid Lane, is 
an old-time hostelry known as the Mermaid Inn, which has escaped 
the iconoclastic hand of the modern reconstructionist, and stands in 
all its pristine picturesqueness a quaint old memorial of bygone days. 
Near the inn is another object almost as interesting as the old inn 
itself. This is a log house which, though now rapidly falling to de- 
cay, has stood since 1743, when it was built by Christopher Seakle, a 
German cooper, who for years lived and pUed his trade there. A 
short distance from Mermaid is the station of Wyndmoor, followed at 



226 



PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



a distance of six-tenths of a mile by the attractive Graver's Station 
(near which are many fine residences in well-cultivated grounds), and 
a half-mile farther by the terminal station at Chestnut Hill (see In- 
dex), just ten miles by railroad measurement from Ninth and Green 
Streets, Philadelphia. 

The allied Norristown Branch of the Reading's System, starting 
at Ninth and Green Streets, follows the track of the Germantown 
and Chestnut Hill route to Sixteenth Street, where, diverging to the 
left, it takes its course towards the Schuylkill River, its Twenty- 
second Street Station, at Twenty-second Street and Alleghany Ave- 
nue, standing near Westmoreland Station on the Germantown Branch 




THE MERMAIU INN. 

of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Next beyond Twenty-second Street 
is Bellevue Station, near which are Mount Peace and North Laurel 
Hill Cemeteries and the beautiful Church of St. James the Less (see 
Index). About a half-mile beyond Bellevue, and four and one-half 
miles from Ninth and Green Streets, is Falls Station, — the x^rincipal 
station for Falls Village, — following which are the stations of School 
Lane and Wissahickon, the latter five and six-tenths miles from 
Ninth and Green Streets, and beyond the viaduct which spans the 
Wissahickon Creek. Trains at this station connect with the horse- 



Reading's 
Main Line. 



THE reading's ROUTES AND STATIONS. 227 

cars for Roxborougli and Barren Hill. Following Wissahickon Sta- 
tion on the route of the railroad are the stations of Schurs and Mana- 
yunk, the latter being at the manufacturing town of the same name, 
and six and seven-tenths miles, by railroad measurement, from the 
initial station at Ninth and Green Streets. Beyond Manayunk, the 
several stations on this line, with their distances from Ninth and 
Green Streets, are Glen Willow (7.5 miles), Shawmont (8.5), Lafayette 
(9.8), Spring Mill (11.4), Poplar Street (12.4), Conshohocken (12.7), Potts's 
(14.1), Mogees (15.3), Ford Street (15.8), Norristown (Main Street, 16.8). 
The Reading's Main Line Division, whose initial station is at Broad 
and Callowhill Streets, passes through localities within the environs 
of Philadelphia which possess only a moderate share of 
interest for the sight-seer. The station at Girard Ave- 
nue, on the border of East Fairmount Park (one and 
seven-tenths miles from Broad and Callowhill Streets), affords a con- 
venient means of visiting the section of the Park which embraces 
Lemon Hill, Girard Avenue Bridge, the Spring Garden Water- Works, 
the Zoological Garden (beyond the bridge), etc., — which are in its im- 
naediate vicinity, — while Belmont Station, across the Schuylkill, three 
and one-half miles from Broad and Callowhill Streets, affords an 
equally convenient means of access to West Fairmount Park. About 
half a mile beyond Belmont Station is the station of Ford Road, above 
which follow consecutively West Falls, Pencoyd (near which are the 
extensive Pencoyd Iron Works), and West Manayunk (oj)posite Man- 
ayunk), respectively five, six and one-half, and seven and one-half 
miles from Broad and Callowhill Streets. Beyond West Manayunk 
the principal stations are West Conshohocken (ox")posite Conshohocken), 
thirteen and one-half miles from Broad and Callowhill Streets, Bridge- 
port (opposite Norristown), seventeen miles distant, and Valley Forge 
(only of interest from its historical associations), twenty-three and 
one-half miles away. 



XXVI. 

The Pennsylvania's Routes and Stations. 

Of the local routes belonging to the system of the Pennsylvania 
Railroad, whose jDoint of departure from the city is Broad Street 
Station (see Part I., Index), the principal are the Main Line and 
branches whose general direction is westward, the local section of 
the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Road going southward, 
the New York Division, with its Germantown and Chestnut Hill 
Branch, and the Schuylkill Valley route leading northward. 

Common to several of these routes is the station at Powelton Ave- 
nue, in West Philadelphia (one and four-tenths miles from Broad 
Street Station), beyond which, on the Main Line, within the city 
limits, at intervals of about a mile, are stations called respectively 
(from their locations) Fortieth Street, Girard Avenue (on the line of 
Forty-sixth Street and near which is the Cathedral Cemetery), and 
Fifty-second Street. One and one-half miles from Fifty-second Street, 
and five and one-half miles from Broad Street, is Overbrook Station, in 
the immediate vicinity of which is the Roman Catholic 
Theological Seminary of St. Charles Borromeo. A half- 
mile from Overbrook is Merion Station, beyond which are 
Elm Station and Wynnewood Station, respectively six and eight-tenths 
and seven and five-tenths miles from Broad Street Station. A half- 
mile to the north of Elm Station, and about a mile west of Cynwyd 
Station (see Part I., Index) is the Belmont Driving- Park, 
near which are schools of the Franciscan Sisters. Fine 
country-seats abound in this vicinity, particularly near 
the railroad lines. A mile beyond Wynnewood is the 
considerable village of Ardmore, beyond which, nine and two-tenths 
miles from Broad Street Station, is the handsome borough of Haver- 
ford College, whose germ was the fine institution of 
the^t name, founded as a school in 1830 by the Society 
of Friends, and in 1856 invested with the full rank of a 
college. The institution is beautifully situated and has very commo- 
dious and cosey buildings, surrounded by a campus of sixty acres of 
well-kept lawns and groves. It is the principal high-class educational 
228 



Overbrook 
Station. 



Belmont 

Driving 

Park. 



Haverford 
College. 



Bryn Mawr 
College. 



THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 229 

establishment in this country conducted by the Orthodox branch of 
the Society of Friends. 

One mile from Haverford College, and ten and two-tenths miles 
from Broad Street Station, is the village of Bryn Mawr (Welsh for 
"Great Bidge," — commonly pronounced hrhi mar) consisting largely 
of elegant country-seats, the most noted of which is the villa of 
George W. Childs, Esq., about one and one-half miles distant, and 
said to be one of the finest places in the vicinity of Philadelphia. 
Especially to be mentioned as among the attractions of the village 
is Bryn Mawr College, for the advanced education of 
women, which was endowed by the late Dr. Joseph W. 
Taylor, of Burlington, New Jersey, and opened for in- 
struction in 1885. Three elegant stone structures, called respectively 
"Taylor Hall," "Merion Hall," and "Radnor Hall," containing class- 
rooms and rooms for students, constitute the principal buildings of the 
institution, besides which there is a large and complete gymnasium 
for the use of students, besides residences for the professors, etc The 
grounds occupy forty acres, and the buildings are beautifully located 
about a half-mile from the railroad station. Bryn Mawr College is a 
school of the first rank. A half-mile from Bryn Mawr is Rosemont 
Station, three-fourths of a mile from which, on the Lancaster Pike, is 
the Hospital of the Good Shepherd, a Protestant Episcopal institution, 
where are received for treatment invalid children of from two to 
twelve years of age, without regard to creed or country. Eleven and 
nine-tenths miles from Broad Street, at the station of Villa Nova, is 
Villa Nova College and Monastery, a Roman Catholic 
institution, conducted by the Hermit Fathers of the 
Order of St. Augustine — with extensive grounds and 
commodious buildings. A farm of two hundred and thirty acres is 
attached to the Monastery, and worked by the lay brothers. On the 
College grounds, and fronting on the public road, is a beautiful new 
Gothic church of granite, with two towers surmounted by gilded 
crosses, — a conspicuous and attractive edifice. A short distance from 
Villa Nova is Upton Station, following which, thirteen miles from Broad 
Street, is the village of Radnor, rather straggling and unattractive at 
the railroad station, but, in common with other places in that section, 
having many beautiful country-seats in its environs. About a mile 
from Radnor is the station of St. David's, beyond which, fourteen and 
four-tenths miles from Broad Street (by railway measurement), is the 
beautiful borough of Wayne, one of the most attractive and rapidly- 



Villa Nova 
College. 



230 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 



Wayne 
Borough. 



improving new places within the environs of Pliilaclelphia. Fine resi- 
dences, built with due regard to architectural beauty, 
are rapidly springing up in all sections of the commu- 
nity, and a strikingly attractive, Gothic, Protestant 
Episcopal Church, with parish buildings, is rapidly approaching com- 
pletion. There is also a Presbyterian Church, of variegated stone, be- 
sides two fine summer hotels, the Louella and Bellevue. The summer- 
home of the pupils of the Lincoln Institution (see Part I., Index) is 
located in this vicinity. About a mile from Wayne is Strafford Station, 
in the midst of an agricultural community, in which country-seats 
for city residents are here and there interspersed, and beyond Strafford 
is the locality known as Devon, principally celebrated for its fine 
summer hotel, the Devon Inn, a fashionable resort, having accommo- 
dations for over two hundred guests. Fine country-seats abound in 
this locality, and away a mile to the westward the steeples of the 
churches at Berwyn are visible. Two and one-half miles south of 
Devon is old St. David's Church, of ante-Revolutionary fame. 

The route of the Schuylkill Valley Division of the Pennsylvania 
Railroad System extends generally northward from Broad Street 
Station to outlying districts partly through territory 
untraversed by other railroads, and partly through 



Schuylkill 
Valley R. R. 



towns and villages whose railroad facilities are en- 
hanced by competing lines. For a short distance this route may be 
said to lie within the environs of Philadelphia. 

On leaving the Broad Street Station, for the first four miles the 
trains follow the tracks of the Main Line of the Pennsylvania Rail- 
road until Fifty-second Street Station is reached, when, diverging to 
the right, they take the track of the Schuylkill Valley Route proper, 
for Manayunk, Norristown, and intermediate places. About a half- 
mile from Fifty-second Street (and the first stopping 
place beyond) is Park Station, near which is that section 
of Fairmount Park known as George's Hill, one of the 
most attractive points in the Park, and from the summit of Avhich is 
obtained a fine view in the direction of the city. Just beyond Park 
station, on the right of the railroad, is the Children's Convalescent 
Hospital, a branch of the Children's Hospital at Twenty-second and 
Walnut Streets (see Index). This institution occupies a neat and un- 
pretentious stone building, open only in the summer and autumn 
months. It was first occupied in June, 1889. Here the convalescent 
children of the main hospital are taken for a few weeks of country 



Park 
Station. 



Christ 

Church 

Hospital. 



THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 231 

air —the children all receiving the same kind attention, whether 
their parents are able to pay for it or not. 

At no great distance from the Convalescent Hospital stands the 
handsome Christ Church Hospital,— in reality a home for ladies, 
whether widows or spinsters,— connected with the Prot- 
estant Episcopal Church. This most excellent charity 
was founded in 1772 by Dr. John Kearsley, and further 
endowed, in 1804, by Joseph Dobbins, of South Caro- 
lina. The towers of the main building, "bosomed high in tufted 
trees," may be seen near the railway, and on the right hand as the 
train moves from Philadelphia. The present fine building was fin- 
ished and opened in 1857. Just beyond the Christ Church Hospital 
stands the Hayes Mechanics' Home, founded in 1858 by George Hayes, 
for the reception of disabled or aged and infirm American mechanics 
of good character. The Home is entirely non-sectarian, and any per- 
son^ who is a fit subject for its charity is admitted on the payment, by 
his friends or others, of a moderate fee. Connected with this Home 
is a substantial building for mechanical work, in which such of the 
inmates as are able to do any work can find such employment as may 
help them to pass a portion of their time. 

As the train nears the pretty suburban village of Bala (five and 
seven-tenths miles out), a passing ghmpse may be had of the beautiful 
Orphanage of the Methodist Episcopal Church, — a noble 
Methodist g^ij^ce of stone,— standing somewhat less than half a 
Episcopal ^.j^ ^j,Qj^ ^j^g railway track. The very praiseworthy 
Orphanage, ^i^^^^.^^y (j^es great credit to the heads and hearts of 
those who conceived it. The present building was first occupied 
in September, 1889, and receives both boys and girls. At the proper 
age the boys are sent away to suitable places in the country, chiefiy 
on farms. The village of Bala is one of the pleasantest and neatest 
of Philadelphia's newer suburbs. Its name, like those of many 
other places in the vicinity, is of Welsh origin, and 
forms one of the many traces of the large Welsh ele- 
ment among the early Quaker colonists. The village is 
well built, many of the residences being stone-built cottages of quaint 
architectural design. St. Asaph's Church (Protestant Episcopal), a 
costly and very beautiful structure, is one of the architectural fea- 
tures of the village. The railroad station at Bala stands in Mont- 
gomery County, but is very near the line of Philadelpiiia. 

Passing Cynwyd Station (a half-mile from Bala), the germ of what 



Bala 
Village. 



New York 
Division. 



232 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

promises to become, on account of its high and healthy situation, a 
favorite residence locaUty for city business-men, the route of the rail- 
road leads to the station of W^est Laurel Hill (seven miles from Broad 
Street), a cemetery covering one hundred and ten acres of ground, 
and one of the best-kept and most beautiful of the "cities of the 
dead" which are to be seen near the outskirts of the city. This cem- 
etery, also reached by the Reading Railroad (Pencoyd Station), or by 
carriage via Belmont Avenue, lies just outside the city limits, in 
Montgomery County. Leaving this station, the trains pass through 
Manayunk, Roxborough, and Conshohocken (elsewhere noticed, see 
Index), and so on to Norristown, Reading, Pottsville, and other im- 
portant cities in the interior of the State. 

Starting from Broad Street Station, the route of the New York 
Division of the Pennsylvania Railroad follows the tracks of the Main 
Line past Powelton Avenue (where nearly all the local trains stop), 
the Zoological Garden, two and six-tenths miles from 
Broad Street, being the first station belonging exclu- 
sively to that Division. Recrossing the Schuylkill 
River at this point, over what is known as the " Connecting Railroad 
Bridge'' (immediately adjoining that elegant carriage-way, the Girard 
Avenue Bridge), the devious course thus far pursued hy the trains is 
left behind, and a straight track, almost a " bee-line" for miles, is en- 
tered upon. Not far from the bridge, and three and one-half miles 
from Broad Street Station, is the flag-station of Engelside, a conven- 
ient stopj)ing-place for those visiting East Fairmount Park, the East 
Park Reservoir being in its immediate vicinity. A short distance 
beyond Engelside is Ridge Avenue Station (at Ridge Avenue on the 
line of Norris Street), followed by Twenty-second Street Station, on 
Twenty-second Street near Cumberland. Next is the important sta- 
I tion of Germantown Junction, near Broad and Cambria 
Streets (five and four-tenths miles from Broad Street 
Station), between which and Frankford, with their 
distances from Broad Street Station as indicated, are the stations of 
Eleventh Street (5.9 miles). North Penn Junction (6.7), Harrowgate (8.4), 
and Frankford Junction (9.0), where the Main Line of this division 
unites with the Kensington branch, w^hose initial station, Kensington 
Depot, is about three miles distant, and between which and Frankford 
Junction is the flag-station of Tioga Street. This station is about two 
miles from Kensington. Nine and six-tenths miles from Broad Street 
is Frankford Station, not far from which, at the corner of Penn and 



Germantown 
Junction. 



THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 233 

Pine Streets, stands St. Joachim's Church (Roman Catholic) a large and 
very beautiful stone Gothic edifice, with a noble interior. Near it is 
a large parochial school building. Tlie Seventh United Presbyterian 
Church, corner of Leiper and Orthodox Streets, is a small and neat 
Gothic building of dark stone, with brick trimmings. Leiper Street, 
on which it stands, is bordered by costly residences in the modern 
style. The Central Methodist Episcopal Church, corner of Orthodox 
and Franklin Streets, is a large and plain stone structure of Roman- 
esque design. The Frankford Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church, 
corner of Foulkrod Street, is an unfinished stone building, of which 
the transept serves as a place of worship. The Hermon Presbyterian 
Church, corner of Frankford Avenue and Harrison Street, is a large 
stone building of handsome outlines. (See also Frankford, Dis- 
trict OF, Part I., Index.) About a mile from Frankford is Brides- 
burg Station (see Bridesburg District and Arse-nal, Part I., 
Index), following which, at brief intervals, are the stations of Fitler's, 
Wissinoming, Unruh Street, and Tacony, the last named being twelve 
miles from Broad Street Station. A mile from Tacony is Holmesburg 
Junction, from which a branch road leads to the following stations 
(with tlie distances as indicated from Broad Street) : Holmesburg 
(13.7 miles), Rowland's (14.8), Ashton's (15.4), Blue Grass (16.3), Bustle- 
ton (17.3). On the main line the stations which follow Holmesburg 
Junction, with their distances from Broad Street, are Penny pack (14.1 
miles), Pierson's (15.0), Torresdale (15.8), Borie's (16.8), Andalusia (17.7), 
Cornwell's (18.1), Eddington (19.3), Schenck's (20.5), Bristol (at Bristol 
borough, 23.4). 

In common with the principal lines of the Pennsylvania System, 
the German town and Chestnut Hill Branch starts from Broad Street 
Station, and, after following the tracks of the New York 
Division to Germantown Junction, by a skilful feat of 
engineering it changes its course to the north-west and, 
recrossing on an elevated road-bed the Reading's Ger- 
mantown Branch and the several streets in its way, 
assumes a course to Chestnut Hill through the western outskirts of 
Germantown — generally parallel to Germantown Avenue (now usu- 
ally called " Main Street") and at distances from the latter, varying 
at different points, of from half a mile to a mile. Nearly a mile from 
Germantown Junction, on the edge of the village of Tioga (see Part 
I., Index), and six and two-tenths miles from Broad Street Station, 
is the neat station of Westmoreland, at Twenty-second and Westmore- 



To 

Germantown 

and Chestnut 

Hill. 



Queen Lane 
Station. 



Chelten 
Avenue 
Station. 



234 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

land streets, beyond which, about a mile distant, is Cricket Station, 
near the grounds of the Germantown Cricket Club, at Nicetown, 
where some trains are privileged to stop. Nicetown Station, on the 
Reading Railroad, is also near these cricket grounds. One and four- 
tenths miles from Westmoreland, and seven and six-tenths miles from 
Broad Street, at the intersection of Queen Lane and 
Wissahickon Avenue (formerly known as Township 
Line Road) is Queen Lane Station, a short distance 
south of which is the junction of Manheim Street and Wissahickon 
Avenue, a locality noted for its fine country-seats. On Manheim 
Street, at the corner of Pulaski Avenue, is the neat, Gothic, Protestant 
Episcopal Calvary Church, surrounded by comfortable dwellings, some 
of them of considerable elegance. 

Six-tenths of a mile from Queen Lane Station, and eight and two- 
tenths miles from Broad Street, is Chelten Avenue Station, the centre, 
perhaps, of the finest residence section of Germantown, 
environed on the one hand (in the direction of Main 
Street — a half-mile distant) by built-up streets, and on 
the other hand hj villas of millionaires, with spacious, 
well-kept, shaded grounds, the proprietors of which are estimated to 
represent an aggregate capital of from sixty to seventy millions of 
dollars. At the corner of Chelten and Wissahickon Avenues, situ- 
ated just far enough from the railroad to escape tlie annoyance of 
passing trains, is the elegant residence of G. Ralston Ayres, Esq., 
built of pointed stone, rock-finished, in a modern stjde of architec- 
ture, and perfect in its interior appointments. A fine lawn surrounds 
this mansion, and from this point the view embraces a stretch of 
landscape miles away across the Wissahickon valley to Roxborough 
heights and beyond. This residence was erected under the superin- 
tendence of Messrs. Hazlehurst & Huckel, Architects. 

Near Chelten Station, and parallel with the Avenue, passes School 
Lane, extending from Main Street to near the Schuylkill River, a 
distance of perhaps two miles, and lined through nearly its entire 
length with fine residences, some of them unsurpassed in attractive- 
ness by any within the environs of Philadelphia. On this Lane, near 
Main Street, is the venerable Germantow^n Academy, erected in 
1760-61, "for the purpose of an English and High Dutch or German 
School," one of the oldest institutions of the kind in the city. At 
Chelten Avenue and Green Street is the attractive Unitarian Church 
of Germantown, and on the former, near Main Street, is the hand- 



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Tulpehocken 
Station. 



236 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

some First Presbyterian Cliurch (see Part I., Index). On Coulter 
Street, at the corner of Green, are the grounds of tlie Orthodox 
Friends' Meeting-House and Scliool, and on the same street, near 
Wayne, is the Enon Baptist Church. Near here, on Main Street, is 
Market Square, already alhided to (see Part I., Index), with its 
attractive surroundings. 

About a lialf-mile north of Clielten Avenue is Tulpehocken Station, 
finely situated at the foot of a street of the same name — a beautiful, 
well-shaded avenue, lined with handsome semi-rural 
residences. On this street, at the corner of Green Street, 
is the Second Presbyterian Church of Germantown, and 
near Adams Street is the Protestant Episcopal Christ Church. Nea,rly 
abreast with Tulpehocken Station is Walnut Lane Station, on the 
Reading Railroad, about a mile and a quarter distant. Six-tenths of 
a mile from Tulpehocken Station, at the corner of Green and Upsal 
Streets, is Upsal Station, in the imniediate vicinity of which are neat 
modern residences in the Queen Anne style of architecture, with 
handsome country-seats round about. Six-tenths of a mile beyond 
Upsal is Carpenter Station, at the foot of Carpenter Street, a half-mile 
from Main Street, and in the immediate vicinity of which is the 
Lutheran Orphans* Home and Asylum for the Aged and Infirm, else- 
where noticed (see Part L, Index). Bounded by this street, on the 
north, is the well-iknown Carpenter Homestead, noted for the extent, 
of its grounds and its growth of native and exotic plants and trees. 
A half-mile from Carpenter is Allen Lane Station, situated in a rather 
broken country on Allen's Lane, a cross-country road leading from 
Main Street, at Mount Airy (where stands the Lutheran Theological 
Seminary, which is convenient to this station), to the Wissahickon 
and beyond. Mount Airy Station on the Reading Railroad is oppo- 
site Allen Lane. Seven-tenths of a mile from Allen Lane, and just 
eleven miles from Broad Street Station, by railroad measurement, is 
the station of Wissahickon Heights, near which is the 
noted Wissahickon Inn, a fashionable summer hotel, 
much patronized in "the season" by the elite of Phila- 
delphia, of whom several hundreds at a time are wont to find accom- 
modations here. Almost at the station is the elegant new Church of 
St. Martin-in-the-Fields (Protestant Episcopal), of pointed stone, rock- 
finished, with its parish buildings of the same material ; and in the 
immediate vicinity are fine country-seats, conspicuous among which 
is the residence of Henry D. Welsh, Esq., President of this branch 



Wissahickon 
Heights. 



Chestnut 
Hill. 



THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 237 

of the Pennsylvania Railroad. About midway between Wissahickon 
Heights and Chestnut Hill (one mile away) is Highland Station, near 
which commodious residences are rapidly being erected, and beyond 
which, just twelve miles from Broad Street Station, is the terminal 
station at.Chestnut Hill, whose immediate surroundings jiossess little 
to attract, but whose remoter environment is hardly surpassed in 
beauty by any other of the suburban sections of the city. 

Indeed, for many years the very name of Chestnut Hill has been 
to Philadelphians a sjmonyme for whatever is attractive 
in a community of country homes. Elegant residences 
stand upon the high-lying grounds and slopes of Chest- 
nut Hill, from which beautiful prospects of surrounding valleys and 
heights beyond meet the eye in everj^ direction. Here are churches 
of various denominations and educational establishments, among the 
latter being Mount St. Joseph's Academy for Young Ladies, under the 
care of the Sisters of St. Joseph, whose large convent is attached to 
the School — a spacious and elegant structure, surrounded by forty 
acres of gardens and j)lay-grounds. Here, also, convenient to the 
stations on the Reading Railroad, is the Home for Consumptives, 
erected by the Protestant Episcopal City Mission, on grounds donated 
for that purpose by William Bucknell, Esq. ; and here, near Wynd- 
moor Station, is the Bethesda Children's Christian Home, a most meri- 
torious charity which, from its small beginnings of thirty years or 
more ago, has grow^n to occupy four houses, where are cared for some 
two hundred little inmates of either sex. 

The trains of the Pennsylvania Railroad, going southward from 
Broad Street Station, leave the track of the Main Line immediately 
upon crossing the bridge which spans the Schuylkill 
River, and, passing under Market and Chestnut Streets 
through a tunnel, follow for a short distance the course 
of the river, the route of the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore 
Branch afterwards keeping nearest the stream and the West Chester 
Branch pursuing a course farther inland. Common to both of these 
routes is the station at South Street (one and seven-tenths miles from 
Broad Street Station), but near this point the lines separate, the one 
taking its course to Wilmington, the other to West Chester via Media. 
Three and one-tenth miles from Broad Street, on the Wilmington 
route, is Gray's Ferry Station, near which is the Home for Incurables, 
and convenient to which, at Fiftieth Street and Woodlands Avenue, 
is the Divinity School of the Protestant Episcopal Church (see Part I., 

15 



The Routes 
Southward. 



238 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

Index). Eight-tenths of a mile beyond is Fifty-eighth Street Station, 
near which are the Presbyterian Home for Women and the Presbyterian 
Orphanage, and following which, at an interval of a half-mile, is the 
station of Mount Moriah (four and four-tenths miles from Broad Street), 
named from the well-known Mount Moriah Cemetery, located in this 
vicinity. Beyond Mount Moriah, at intervals of about a half-mile, 
are stations named Bonnaffon, at Sixty-seventh Street, and Paschall, 
at Seventy-second Street, the latter being the station for Paschalville, 
a not unattractive locality, occupying an elevated plateau-like site on 
the extreme edge of Philadelphia. Following Paschall Station, and 
six and one-tenth miles from Broad Street, is Darby Station, on the 
outskirts of the ancient borough of that name, which lies beyond 
Cobb's Creek,— the dividing line between Philadelphia and Delaware 
Counties. A station called Academy, about a mile beyond Darby, 
marks the site of the Convent of the Holy Child Jesus, on the outskirts 
of the village of Sharon Hill,— an attractive place whose neat station 
is surrounded in all directions by bright, cheerful residences. Beyond 
Sharon Hill, at a distance from each other of about a half-mile, fol- 
low consecutively the stations of Folcroft, Glenolden, Norwood, and 
Moore, each a central point for its owai locality, but all so connected 
with each other by surrounding improvements as to be only 
different stations in an almost continuous village. Nearly a mile 
from the last named (Moore), and ten and four-tenths miles from 
Broad Street (by railroad measurement), is the attractive village 
of Ridley Park, one of the prettiest and best-known residence vil- 
lages in that section. Eight-tenths of a mile beyond Ridley Park 
is the station of Crum Lynne, about a mile distant from wdiich is 
Eddystone, a station in the suburbs of the city of Chester, the prin- 
cipal station of which is, by this route, thirteen and one-half miles 
from Broad Street Station. Beyond Chester the chief local stations, 
with their distances from Broad Street, are Lamokin (14.4 miles), 
Thurlow (15.5), Trainer (16.3), Linwood (17.1), Claymont (18.9), Grubb's 
Landing (20.3), Holly Oak (21.2), Bellevue (22.2), Riverside (23.0), Edge- 
moor (24.0), Landith (25.5), Wilmington (26.8). 

Starting at Broad Street Station of the Pennsylvania Railroad, the 

To Media ^'^"^^ *^ Media, West Chester, and beyond, officially 

and Wes^ known as the Central Division of the Philadelphia, 

Ch Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, runs southward 

along the west bank of the Schuylkill River in close 

proximity to the Wilmington Railroad, until Woodlands Cemetery is 



THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 239 

passed, when, diverging to the right hand, it takes an independent 
course to the points named, its first station (after South Street) being 
Forty- second Street, two and six-tenths miles from Broad Street Sta- 
tion. Following Forty-second Street Station are stations within the 
city limits at Forty-ninth Street and at Angora, the latter being four 
and one-half miles from Broad Street, and so called from the old-time 
name of the locality (long famous for its manufactures) in which it is 
situated. A mile from Angora, and five and one-half miles from 
Broad Street Station, is the pleasant village of Fernwood, in the edge 
of Delaware County (with an extensive cemetery near the station), 
beyond which are located, with the distances as indicated from Broad 
Street, stations named Lansdowne (6.3 miles, in the midst of a thriving 
village of the same name), Burmont (7.0, formerly Kellyville), Clifton 
(7.6, at Clifton Heights, an enterprising borough), Primos (8.1, for- 
merly Oak Lane, where is a celebrated Insane Asylum and Reforma- 
tory), Secane (8.9, formerly Spring Hill, a village of beautiful cottages), 
and Morton (10.0, a pleasant village with some fine residences). A 
mile and three-tenths beyond Morton, and eleven and three-tenths 
miles from Broad Street Station, is Swarthmore, noted as the seat of 
Swarthmore College, the principal educational establishment in the 
United States of the Hicksite branch of the Society of Friends. This 
institution occupies a tract of land of two hundred and forty acres, 
one-half of which is devoted to lawns and pleasure-grounds. Students 
of either sex are admitted. The principal college buildings are mas- 
sive structures of stone. Other buildings, all of stone, are the Science 
Hall, the astronomical observatory, and houses for the families of the 
professors, one of whom occupies the historic West House, where 
the painter, Benjamin West, was born. About a mile from Swarth- 
more is Wallingford Station, surrounded by fine country-seats of 
wealth}^ Philadelphians, some of whom, on their highly-cultivated 
farms, make a specialty of breeding fancy stock and blooded horses, 
and Nine-tenths of a mile from Wallingford is Moylan Station, 
formerly known as Manchester. 

About an equal distance beyond Moylan, and fourteen miles (by 
railroad measurement) from Broad Street Station, is the 
pretty borough of Media, the county-seat of Delaware 
County, situated three hundred and seventy feet above 
tide-water, on the i^lateau-like water-shed between Ridlej^ Creek, on 
the west, and Crum Creek, on the east. The vicinity of Media pre- 
sents mountain scenery on a small scale, and is very much admired. 



Media 
Borough. 



240 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

while the high and healthy location, the pure air, and the wild roads 
along the wooded streams, suggestive of pleasure-driving, combine to 
All the town with summer visitors from the neighboring city. 

Here, in the midst of an environment such as is enjoyed by few 
suburban localities, has sprung up from that modest germ, " the 
store, tavern, and two or three farm-houses," which forty years ago 
constituted "the town," a populous borough (of perhaps four thousand 
or more inhabitants) which possesses in abundance, within its limits, 
the requisites, both public and private, for the needs of an enterprising 
and prosperous conmiunity. Twenty-four trains pass over the rail- 
road each way daily, between this place and Philadelphia, making 
their trips in about thirty minutes to Broad Street Station, thus 
bringing the citizens of the borough nearer the centre of the city, in 
point of time, than are the inhabitants of the outlying wards of the 
latter, if dependent upon the local "rapid transit" of the horse- or 
cable-cars. Chief among the public institutions of Media is a spacious 
court-house, a large and substantial structure, built of stone and brick, 
the first story being fire-proof. It is eighty-two feet by fifty, with 
two wings, each thirty-eight feet square. The court-room, about sixty 
feet by forty-six, is in the second story. It is approached by two iron 
stairways in front and a wooden one in the rear, all leading from the 
interior of the first story. This story contains the offices of the Pro- 
thonotary and Clerk of the Criminal Court, the Register and Clerk of 
the Orphans' Court, the Recorder of Deeds, the Sheriff, the County 
Treasurer, the Commissioners and Superintendent of Common Schools. 
The building is erected in the middle of a rectangle, five hundred feet 
by two hundred and forty, surrounded by streets. It is enclosed by 
an iron fence, and is beautifully ornamented with shade and forest 
trees, many of them of rare varieties. The court-house square con- 
tains no other buildings. The prison is situated across the street from 
it, and is a substantial building adapted to the Pennsylvania system 
of solitary confinement. Two National Banks afford financial accom- 
modations to the inhabitants of the borough and vicinity, while gas 
and electric lights, from the plants of private companies, and water, 
raised from Ridley Creek, by the borough works, are supplied in 
abundance to the public. 

A stringent section of the charter of Media provides "That it shall 
not be lawful for any person or persons to vend or sell vinous, spiritu- 
ous, or other intoxicating liquors within the limits of said borough, 
except for medicinal purposes or for use in the arts ; and it shall not 



THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 241 

be lawful for the Court of Quarter Sessions to grant any license or 
licenses therefor to any inn or tavern within said borough. If any 
person or persons shall, witliin said borough, vend or sell, or cause to 
be vended or sold, any vinous, spirituous, or other intoxicating liquors 
to any person (except as provided in this section), such person or per- 
sons so vending or selling shall be liable to indictment, and on con- 
viction thereof shall forfeit and pay for such offence a sum not less 
than twenty nor more than one hundred dollars, at the discretion of 
the court; Provided, That it may be lawful for the Court of Quarter 
Sessions of said county to license inns or taverns in said borough, 
without permission to vend or sell intoxicating drinks : And pro- 
vided, Such license may be granted without the publication of any 
previous notice, as is required for other taverns." 

Says a recent writer, speaking about countrj^ life, "To be conven- 
ient to churches and schools is the first requisite with those wdio wish 
to live in the countr}-. They want, . . . above all, houses of worship 
and institutions at which educational advantages are of the best." 
Eight Media churches, of as many different denominations, combine 
to satisf}^ the religious part of this requirement, embracing one Epis- 
copal, one Methodist, one African Methodist, one Presbyterian, one 
Roman Catholic, one Baptist, and tv/o Friends' Meeting-Houses. Be- 
sides these buildings, there are others of a quasi public character, — the 
buildings owned and occupied by the First National Bank of Media, 
the Delaware County Institute of Science, the Delaware Countj^ Mu- 
tual Insurance Company, the Charter House, Gleave Hall, Brodhead's 
Hall, and other buildings, — all substantial structures adapted to use 
rather than ornament. 

In the educational way, in addition to the excellent public-school 
system of which it boasts, it is claimed that a capital of more than 
$100,000 is invested in private educational institutions. Prominent 
among these latter is the well-known Brooke Hall Seminary for Girls 
and Young Ladies, founded more than a score and a half 
years ago by that distinguished educator. Miss Maria 
L. Eastman, under the auspices of the late Bishop 
Alonzo Potter, of the Diocese of Pennsylvania, whose interest, mani- 
fested by his constant care and patronage, until his death, was hap- 
pily succeeded by the same watchful oversight on the part of the 
late Bishop Stevens during his official life, and is now continued by 
the Rt. Rev. Dr. Whitaker, the present Bishop of the Diocese. In 
1889 the management of Brooke Hall passed into the hands of Mrs. 



Brooke Hall 
Seminary. 




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Media 
Academy. 



THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 243 

Swithin C. Shortlidge, who, with comiDetent assistants, some of whom 
— both ill tlie Classical, English, and Scientific Departments — are 
college graduates, is now conducting the school with marked abilit3^ 
The Seminary building is a four-story, commodious structure, con- 
taining all modern conveniences, arranged in strict accordance with 
correct laws of health, comfort, and refinement. The recitation- and 
study-rooms are large and cheerful, and the sleeping-apartments, 
each occupied by but two pupils, present all the attractions of home 
comfort. The grounds are extensive, well shaded, and artistically 
arranged, with flowers, shrubbery, walks, and drives. 

Another educational institution of note, younger than Brooke Hall 
Seminary, but equally well known for its characteristic efficiency, 
is the Shortlidge Media Academy, which was founded in 
1875 by Swithin C. Shortlidge, and has its accommoda- 
tions in two large buildings known as the Main Build- 
ing (one hundred by fifty feet in extent) and the Oayley 
Annex^ — the aim of the institution being to fit boys and yonng men 
for business, -for college or polytechnic school, for West Point, or for 
Annapolis. The School has a good library and also a chemical and 
physical laboratory well supplied with apparatus. The instructors 
are graduates of Yale, Harvard, and other colleges. There are ample 
grounds for foot-ball, base-ball, and other athletic sx^orts. The Acad- 
emy has also a well-equipped gymnasium. 

Taken altogether, the borough of Media may be considered one of 
the most desirable places of residence in Eastern Pennsylvania, and 
the rapid increase of fine, substantial dwellings shows that its advan- 
tages are becoming known and appreciated. 

One inile from Media, towards West Chester, and fifteen miles from 
Philadelphia, is Elwyn Station (where are the Delaware County Fair 
Grounds), and three-fourths of a mile beyond Elwyn, at the station of 
Williamson (in posse), is the site — embracing several hun- 
dred acres of ground — of the Williamson Free School of 
Mechanical Trades, endowed by the late I. V. William- 
son, a wealthy citizen of Philadelphia. Other stations 
on this line, with their distances from Philadelphia, are Glen Riddle 
(16.6 miles), Lenni (17.3), Wawa (18.0), Darlington (18.7), Glen Mills 
(20.3), Cheyney (22.4), Westtown (23.9, near w^hich is the celebrated 
Friends' Boarding-School), Oakbourne (25.4), and West Chester (27.4). 



Williamson 

Mechanical 

School. 



Baltimore 

and Ohio 

R. R. Line. 



244 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

It is worthy of note that the route of the local division of the 
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, whose initial station is at Twentj^- 
fourth and Chestnut Streets (see Baltimore and Ohio 
Railroad Station, Index), runs almost parallel with 
and in close proximity to the main line of the Philadel- 
phia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, both routes 
in several instances having stations in the same village, though gen- 
erally designated bj^ different names. On the east bank of the 
Schuylkill River, at the bridge, one and nine-tenths miles from 
Chestnut Street, is East Side Station, on the opposite side of the liver 
from which is the Philadelphia and Reading Junction (where the Balti- 
more and Ohio intersects an old branch of the Reading), corresx)ond- 
ing with the "Gray's Ferry Station" on the Wilmington Railroad. 
Nine-tenths of a mile beyond is Sixtieth Street Station, not far from 
the " Fifty-eighth Street Station" on the Wilmington Railroad, and a 
very short distance beyond is Mount Moriah Station (very near Mount 
Moriah Cemetery), a name common to both roads. At Paschal ville 
is Seventieth Street Station, seven-tenths of a mile from which, and 
four and eight-tenths miles from Twenty-fourth and Chestnut Streets, 
is the station of Darby, in the borough of that name. Beyond Darby 
Station (four-tenths of a mile) is Boone Station, following which, in the 
outskirts of Sharon Hill, six miles from Twenty-fourth 
and Chestnut Streets, is the station of Collingdale. 
About three-fourths of a mile from Collingdale are the 
stations of Okeola and Llanwellyn, in close proximity, the stations of 
Holmes, Folsom (opposite " Moore"), and Ridley (the last named cor- 
responding to "Ridley Park" on the Wilmington Railroad), following 
consecutively, at distances of about a mile from each other. Nearly 
a mile from Ridley, and abreast of " Crum Lynne" on the Wilming- 
ton Railroad, is the station of Fairview, beyond which, one and four- 
tenths miles, and eleven and nine-tenths miles from the initial station 
in Philadelphia, is the station at the city of Chester. 
Ten stations on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad inter- 
vene between Chester and Wilmington, their names, 
and their distances from the former, being as follows : Upland (0.8 of 
a mile), Felton (2.2), Village Green (3.6), Boothwyn (4.6), Ogden (5.3), 
Carpenter (6.3), Harvey (7.6), Silver Side (8.5), Carrcroft (9.7), Concord 
(12.0), following which is the station at the city of Wilmington, thirteen 
and two-tenths miles from Chester (by railroad measurement) and 
twenty-five and one-tenth miles from Philadelphia. 



Collingdale 
(Sharon Hill). 



City of 
Chester. 



Ill* 




XXVII. 

Naval Asylum and Vicinity. 

Pleasantly situated on the east bank of the Schuylkill River, at 
Bainbridge Street and Gray's Ferry Road, perhaps a mile and a half 
j^ south-west of the City Hall, is the United States Naval 

Asvlum Asylum, a home for those retired man-of-war's men 
whose term of service (twenty years) entitle them to 
admission. The principal buildings of the Asylum are a main edifice 
(called the "Home"), a commodious residence for the governor of the 
Asylum, and a surgeon's residence,— the Home consisting of a centre 
building with wings at either hand, and having an entire length of 
three hundred and eighty feet, with accommodations for about three 
hundred people. On the front a flight of marble steps leads to the main 
entrance, where is a handsome portico of eight Ionic columns support- 
ing a i)ediment. In the centre building of the Home are the chapel, 
opposite the entrance, and other general apartments, the rooms of the 
residents being in the wings, each lodger occupying a separate room, 
for the order of which he is responsible. A new extension on the 
rear is intended for rooms for the attendants. The wings are sym- 
metrical, and terminate in pavilions, or transverse buildings, at each 
end furnished with broad covered verandas on each of the two main 
floors. A fine attic and basement complete the building, which is 
most substantially constructed in every part. The marble staircases 
are especially noticeable for their ingenious construction and economy 
of space. The ceilings of two floors are vaulted in solid masonry, and 
the room used as a muster-room and chapel is a remarkabl^^ high- 
domed apartment. This institution is, in the true sense of the word, 
an asylum, — a place of rest and recuperation for "decrepit and dis- 
abled naval officers, seamen, and marines." Within the well-kept 
grounds of the Asylum, about twenty-flve acres in extent, is also a 
government Naval Hospital, a fine building of brick, with brown- 
Naval ^tone trimmings, having accommodations for some 
Hospital three hundred and fifty patients, and where members 
of the naval service of all degrees of rank, whether be- 
longing to this asylum or sent here from other stations, are admitted. 
24G 



Schuylkill 
Arsenal. 



NAVAL ASYLUM AND VICINITY. 247 

These institutions are conveniently reached by the cars which run 
out Pine or South Street, and from tlie vicinity of Fairmount the 
Spruce Street cars for Gray's Ferry Bridge pass the grounds. 

A short distance beyond the Naval Asylum, also on Gray's Ferry 
Road, surrounded by high walls of brick and stone, are the grounds 
of the Schuylkill Arsenal, an old-time establishment, 
once, perhaps, an arsenal proper^ but now little more 
than a huge government clothing manufactory — giv- 
ing employment to hundreds of operatives at their homes in making 
up army clothing. The grounds of the arsenal (about eight acres) are 
well laid out and shaded, the buildings are i)lain, the principal ones 
being arranged around a circular plot,— one of them, known as the 
museum, containing a curious collection of wax figures dressed to 
represent the uniforms of the United States army at various iDcriods. 
Beyond the Arsenal, on Gray's Ferry Road, near where that thor- 
oughfare reaches the bridge across the Schuylkill River, are located 
extensive industrial establishments, principally devoted to the manu- 
facture of paints, chemicals, and kindred products, the chief among 
which are the works of Harrison Brothers & Co., whose specialties are 
paints, acids, etc., and the Kalion Chemical Company, extensive manu- 
facturers of glycerine products. 

Nearly opposite to the entrance to the Naval Asylum, on Gray's 
Ferry Road, is in course of erection the Roman Catholic Church of St. 
Anthony of Padua, a handsome structure in the Romanesque style of 
architecture, built of Avondale marble (a kind of lime-stone), sixty 
feet by one hundred and forty-two in extent, with a seating capacity 
of about one thousand. Its plan includes a tower nineteen feet 
square, with a height of one hundred and forty feet. Its architect is 
Frank R. Watson. About a square distant, at Twenty-second and 
Bainbridge Streets, is the popular Bethany Presbyterian Church estab- 
lishment, of wonderful growth, which, from its incipi- 
ency some three decades ago, has come to number about 
twelve hundred members in its communion, with a 
Sunday-school of two thousand seven hundred scholars. The church, 
built of Trenton brown-stone, has a front of one hundred and twelve 
feet on Bainbridge Street with a depth of one hundred and eighty-five 
feet and a capacity for seating two thousand persons. Adjoining the 
church, with fronts on Tw^enty-second, Bainbridge, and Pemberton 
Streets, is the noted Sunday-school building, of brown-stone, wdth 
blue-stone trimmings, a Gothic structure one hundred and thirty- 



Bethany 
Church. 



248 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

eight by one hundred and eighty-five feet in extent, and having 
within its walls a series of class-rooms, lecture-roon:is, chapels, and 
other apartments. Connected with this establishment are also vari- 
ous secular institutions, — an evening college for the pursuit of the 
ordinary branches of education, a dispensary with medical attend- 
ants attached, a chartered penny saving fund, etc. Bethany Church 
is conveniently reached by the cars on Pine and on South Streets, 
which run to its immediate neighborhood, and by the Spruce and Pine 
Street cars from Fairmount down Twenty-third Street, some of 
which run to Gray's Ferry Bridge, passing near the church. Ex- 
change tickets are issued by some other lines connecting with these, 
making it easy to reach that section of the city. A short distance 
from Bethany Church, at Twenty-third and Lombard Streets, is the 
Pitman Methodist Episcopal Church, a plain brick structure ; and the 
territory immediately to the eastward abounds with churches, gen- 
erally surrounded with neat, inexpensive residences. At Twenty-first 
and Christian Streets stands the Protestant Episcopal Church of the 
Holy Apostles, a Gothic brown-stone structure festooned with ivy, 
adjoining which are fine parish-school and Sunday-school buildings, 
also of brown-stone, the latter being enclosed in the church grounds. 
A square east, at Twentieth and Christian Streets, is the Roman 
Catholic Church of St. Charles Borromeo, a massive brown-stone 
building of an impressive style of architecture, having a neat pastoral 
residence of brick connected with it, in the rear of which, on Mont- 
rose Street, is a large parish school-room, with a brown-stone front 
and granite trimmings. At Twentietli and Fitzvv^ater Streets stands 
the South- Western Presbyterian Church, a plain brick building, and at 
Nineteenth and Fitzwater Streets is the Fourth United Presbyterian 
Church, a massive brown-stone edifice with stained-glass windows. 
A square from the latter, at Nineteenth and Catharine Streets, is the 
site of the new Fourth Reformed Presbyterian Church, a Gothic, granite 
building in the form of an amphitheatre, to be surmounted by a tower 
about one hundred and fifty feet high. Connected with the church is 
a Sunday-school building of ample dimensions, the apartments of the 
two buildings being so arranged as to be thrown into one if required. 
The architects are Messrs. Hazlehurst & Huckel. At Eighteenth and 
Christian Streets is the Tabor Presbyterian Church, a brown-stone 
Gothic structure with a slate roof and stained-glass windows, and at 
Seventeenth and Bainbridge Streets is the First Reformed Presby- 
terian Church, of serpentine stone. 



Ferry Lines 
to Camden. 



XXVIII. 

To Camden and Beyond. 

Sevehad lilies of Ferries, operated for the most part as terminals 
to railroads that converge at Camden, connect that city with Phila- 
delphia, the principal lines, commencing on the north, 
being the Shackamaxon Ferry, which plies between 
Shackamaxon Street, Kensington, and Vine Street, 
Camden (where is located the Camden and Atlantic City Railroad 
Station) ; the Vine Street Ferry, running from Vine Street, Philadel- 
phia, to Vine Street, Camden ; the Market Street and Federal Street 
Ferries, running from Market Street, Philadelphia, respectively, to 
Market Street and Federal Street, Camden (the latter connecting with 
the New Jersey branches of the Pennsylvania Railroad) ; and the 
Reading Railroad Company's Ferries, from their stations near Chestnut 
Street and South Street wharves (See Part I., Index), to Kaighn's 
Point, Camden (opposite Wharton Street, Philadelphia), wliere con- 
nection is made with trains for Atlantic City and other New Jersey 
points. There is also a Gloucester Ferry, from South Street wharf to 
Gloucester, New Jersey, a distance of about three miles. 

Though still, to a considerable extent, a city of residences for par- 
ties doing business in Philadelphia, the increasing manufactures of 
Camden are rapidly changiug its character to that of an extensive 
industrial city, its favorable location, bounded on the one side by the 
navigable Delaware and on- the others by practically limitless, avail- 
able territory for building-sites, rendering the place iDcculiarly well 
adapted to manufacturing purposes. 

Among its numerous industrial establishments are extensive nickel 
smelting-works, chemical works, ship-building 3^ards, 
iron-works, machine shops, dye-works, and manufac- 
tures of woollen, glass, oil-cloths, soaps, steel pens, etc. 
Its public institutions comprise a fine new Court-House, a City Hall 
a Hospital (called the Cooper Hospital, from the name of its founder). 
Children's Homes, for both white and colored children 
(the latter under the care of members of the Society of 
Friends), numerous Churches, and three National Banks. 

249 



Industries 
of Camden. 



Public 
Institutions 



250 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

Horse-railroads traverse the streets of the city, and froni the ferry- 
landings steam railroad-lines extend into the country in several direc- 
tions, the most important being the sea-shore routes, whose patrons to 
the various points on the New Jersey Coast are numbered, in the sea- 
son, by the tens of thousands. 

Within the limits of Camden, seven-tenths of a mile from the 
station at Federal Street wharves, and common to all the lines start- 
ing at that point, is the station at Haddon Avenue, beyond which, to 
the north about one and a half miles, on what are popularly known 
as the Burlington and Merchantville branches of the Amboy Division 
of the Pennsylvania Railroad, is the thriving village of Pavonia, 
where are the railroad shops and the water-works of the city of Cam- 
den. Seven-tenths of a mile from Pavonia, on the Burlington Rail- 
road, is Beideman's Station, where some trains are privileged to stop, 
a mile beyond which is Fish-House Station, a resort, as its name indi- 
cates, of those given to piscatorial sports. The neat, new village of 
Delair, about a half-mile from the Fish-House, and four and eight- 
tenths miles from the initial station in Camden, is a pretty collection 
of homes, with well-laid-out streets. About a mile from Delair is the 
unimportant station of Morris, beyond which is the thriving village 
of Palmyra, with its two stations. West Palmyra and Palmyra, respec- 
tively seven and seven and one-half miles from Camden. This 
village exhibits an exceptionally rapid growth, has three churches 
(Baptist, Episcopal, and Methodist), public water-works, supplied 
from the Delaware River, while its hundred houses of less than ten 
years ago have now increased to more than four times that number. 

Adjoining Palmyra, and eight and two-tenths miles from Camden, 
is the pretty village of Riverton, a locality known for its fine resi- 
dences and for such appurtenances as belong to a community of 
wealth and culture. The beautiful Christ Church (Protestant Epis- 
copal) is among the chief architectural attractions of the place, besides 
which there is a Presbyterian Church of plainer style. At a pier on 
its beautiful river-front is stationed a Government light, and here the 
steaixiboats, plying between Philadelphia and Bristol, call regularly. 
Here also are the head-quarters of the Riverton Yacht Club, a noted 
aquatic institution of more than local membershijD, besides which a 
fine base-ball field gives accommodation to base-ball and foot-ball 
clubs. Among the principal industrial establishments of the place is 
the extensive nursery and seed-farm of Henry A. Dreer, covering 
many acres and ranking among the first in the country for the culti- 



TO CAMDEN AND BEYOND. 251 

vatioii of palms, forii.s, roses, and ornamental plants generally. The 
appliances embrace some thirty-five hot-houses, requiring boilers for 
steam-heating of over two hundred horse-power. The concern is only 
five minutes' walk from the station or steamboat landing, and is well 
wortli a visit. Above Riverton, at distances respectively of one and 
eight-tenths and two and six-tenths miles, are the unimportant sta- 
tions of Taylor and Cambridge, beyond which, eleven and six-tenths 
miles from Camden, at the mouth of the Rancocas River, is the village 
of Riverside, where considerable manufacturing is carried on. Bix- 
tenths of a mile from Riverside, on the bank of the Delaware, is the 
pretty town of Delanco, above which, four-tenths of a mile, is the sta- 
tion of Perkins, which intervenes between Delanco and Beverly, — the 
latter a thriving city fourteen and one-half miles from Camden. 
About a mile from Beverly is the station of Edgewater Park (a pretty 
locality of residences), beyond which, two and three-tenths miles, and 
seventeen and six-tenths miles from Camden, is the city of Burlington. 
Above Burlington are the borough of Bordentown and the city of 
Trenton, respectively seventeen and seven-tenths and thirty-three 
nailes distant from Camden. 

Another branch of this division, starting from the same initial 
station (Federal Street, Camden), follows the track of the Burlington 
route, stopping at Haddon Avenue and the flag-stations Cooper's 
Creek and State Street (the last two respectively one and five-tenths 
and one and nine-tenths miles from Federal Street Station), until 
after passing Pavonia it diverges to the right, taking a course almost 
due east to Sea-side Park, on the sea-shore, a distance of fifty-eight 
and three-tenths miles from Camden. Three miles from Camden is 
the station of Dudley, beyond which, three-tenths of a mile, is the 
stopping-place of Toll -Gate Road, followed by the station of Well- 
wood, four and one-tenth miles from Camden. Five and six-tenths 
miles from Philadelphia is the pretty borough of Merchantville, with 
several hundred inhabitants, a high-lying locality, and principally a 
place of residence for persons in business in Philadelphia. About a 
mile beyond Merchantville is the village of Pensauken, near which is 
•the Merchantville Race-Course, and following which are the stations 
of Maple Shade, one and six-tenths miles distant, and Wilson, about 
a mile beyond. The fine, old-time borough of Moorestown, with its 
several churches and meeting-houses, and its two stations of West 
Moorestown and East Moorestown, — respectively ten and eight-tenths 
and eleven and four-tenths miles from Philadelx3hra, — is among the 



252 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 

most attractive towns of that section. Almost adjoining East Moores- 
town is tlie rapidly-increasing village of Stanwick, twelve miles from 
Philadelphia, and about two miles beyond is Hartford Station, followed 
by Masonville, one and three-tenths miles distant. Two and four- 
tenths miles from the latter, on the Rancocas, is the considerable 
village of Hainesport, beyond which, nineteen and seven-tenths miles 
(by railroad measurement) from Philadelphia, is the thriving town of 
Mount Holly, the county-seat of Burlington County. 

Prominent among the places of interest in the vicinity of Camden 
may be mentioned the pretty borough of Haddonfield, on the Camden 
and Atlantic Railroad, six and eight-tenths miles from Philadelphia, 
— noted rather as an attractive place of residence than for its business 
activity. Another place equally wortliy of note is tlie city of Wood- 
bury, on the AVest Jersey Railroad, eight and three-tenths miles 
southward from Camden, the manufacturing city of Gloucester, three 
and seven-tenths miles from the latter, on the same railroad, and on 
the Gloucester branch of the Reading's Atlantic City line, inter- 
vening between the two i^laces. More remote from Camden, on both 
the Camden and Atlantic Railroad and the Reading's Atlantic City 
line (thirty and four-tenths miles by the former and twenty-seven 
miles by the latter), is the thriving town of Hammonton, famous for 
its fruit-growing industry. Beyond Hammonton, eleven miles by 
either route, is the city of Egg Harbor, noted for its manufacture of 
native wines, which have attained a wide celebrity. Fourteen and 
a half miles from Egg Harbor, at the terminus of the Camden 
and Atlantic Railroad, the Reading's Atlantic City branch, and a 
branch of the West Jersey Railroad, is the watering-place of Atlantic 
City, about fifty-five miles by the shortest route from Philadelphia. 

Other places in southern New Jersey of considerable local impor- 
tance, and closely connected with Philadelphia. by excellent railroad 
facilities, are the town of Vineland, on the Cape May route of the West 
Jersey Railroad, thirty-four miles south by east of Camden ; the city 
of Bridgeton, on a branch of the West Jersey Railroad, thirty-seven 
and two-tenths miles south of Camden ; the city of Salem, near the 
Delaware, on a branch of the West Jersey Railroad, thirty-seven and 
two-tenths miles south by west of Camden ; and the celebrated 
watering-place. Cape May City, at the extreme south end of the State, 
— eighty-one and a half miles from Camden. 



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